A synthesizing control model of networked control systems to guarantee QoP and QoS

The whole performance of the networked control system （NCSs） depends on two interaction factors, namely the quality of control performance （QoP） and quality of network service （QoS）. So, to optimize the whole perfor-mance of NCSs, the problem of guaranteeing QoP and QoS plays an important role in the design of NCSs. However, up to now, little work has been done in this field. In this paper, a synthesizing control model of NCSs to guarantee QoP and QoS is proposed, and a feasible condition of optimizing whole performance of NCSs is also suggested. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed model is effective.

Multi-layer phenomena in petawatt laser-driven acceleration of heavy ions

Laser-accelerated high-flux-intensity heavy-ion beams are important for new types of accelerators.A particle-in-cell program(Smilei) is employed to simulate the entire process of Station of Extreme Light(SEL) 100 PW laser-accelerated heavy particles using different nanoscale short targets with a thickness of 100 nm Cr, Fe, Ag, Ta, Au, Pb, Th and U, as well as 200 nm thick Al and Ca. An obvious stratification is observed in the simulation. The layering phenomenon is a hybrid acceleration mechanism reflecting target normal sheath acceleration and radiation pressure acceleration, and this phenomenon is understood from the simulated energy spectrum,ionization and spatial electric field distribution. According to the stratification, it is suggested that high-quality heavy-ion beams could be expected for fusion reactions to synthesize superheavy nuclei. Two plasma clusters in the stratification are observed simultaneously, which suggest new techniques for plasma experiments as well as thinner metal targets in the precision machining process.

Research on Signal of Field Monitor of 7220A Localizer Beacon Subsystem of ILS

From the actual perspective of working principle of localizer beacon subsystem of Instrument Landing System (ILS), consideration of the distance information from localizer antenna to field monitor antenna and wide aperture effect of localizer antenna, broke through the limitation of signals synthesized only far-field (FF), established the near-field (NF) model. The three-dimensional mathematical model of localizer beacon was designed, and the signals at both near-field and far-field were analyzed qualitatively. At the environment of Antenna Fault as well as Antenna Distribution Unit (ADU) phase shifter simulation, the characteristics of near-field and far-field were also compared. The simulation results showed that the model met the requirement of theory of localizer beacon, and the gap between two models was so evident, which resulted from the broken geometric symmetry in NF area. The model could provide valuable theoretical basis for performance evaluation and maintenance of the ILS, and meanwhile, provide reference for the further analysis of localizer beacon.

Present Synthesizing Situation and Application Mechanism of Hercynite in Cement Kilns

The magnesia -hercynite bricks offer a new lining to rotary cement kiln. They are well adopted and widely used in the high temperature zone of cement kiln, and have obtained good performance at rigorous and severe working conditions. The synthesis of hercynite requires a suitable atmosphere with proper O2 partial pressures which makes sure FeO can stably exist at the synthesizing temperature. Current industrial production of hercynite mainly adopts fused method. The other method, sinte- ring method, is not mature and needs further research. The magnesia - hercynite brick shows high hot toughhess, high adhesion strength to kiln crust, and good corrosion resistance to alkali salt in cement kilns. The mismatching of thermal expansion between magnesia and hercynite can improve the thermal shock resistance of the bricks, but the oxidation of partial Fe^2＋ , the high temperature solution, and low temperature exsolution of transgranular secondary spinel lead to cubical expansion, .formation of more cracks, and poor thermal shock resistance of the bricks.

A NOVEL METHOD FOR SYNTHESIZING α,α-DISUBSTITUTED α-AMINO ACID——DIALKYLATION OF 2-OXAZOLIN-5-ONE

4,4-Dialkyl-2-oxazolin-5-ones are prepared by one step reaction of 2-oxazolin-5-one with the magnesium methyl carbonate(MMC)and alkyIhalides.It is a novel and convenient method for synthesis of α, Υ-disubstitutcd α-amino acid by hydrolysis of 4,4-dialkyl-2-oxazolin-5-ones.

Frequency Synthesizer of Short-Wave SFH/MFSK System

The technology of DDS-driven PLL is introduced and a new scheme of frequency synthesizer which is suitable for SW SFH/MFSK System is presented in this paper. Based on the special requirement of SW communication, a model of the scheme is given and the results show that the frequency synthesizer has small frequency insteval (≤0.1 Hz), short switch pierod (<200 ms) and high frequency stability as crystal oseillator.

Design of remote ultrasonic signal generating system based on Kinetis60 and AD9951

A kind of remote ultrasonic generating system is designed in this paper.Microcontroller unit(MCU)Kinetis60and direct digital synthesizer(DDS)AD9951constitute the core section of this ultrasonic generating terminal in this system.A friendly and easy-operating host computer software is contrived to control the terminal to generate sinusoidal,rectangular and triangular waveform with variable frequency,amplitude and phase through ZigBee wireless transmission protocol.In order to enhance the practical driving ability,this system also includes power amplifier circuit and transformer matching design,which enable the ultrasonic generating terminal to output enough power for applying to different types of ultrasonic energy convertors.Through experimental verification,the host computer can precisely and swiftly control the ultrasonic generating terminal to generate the above three waveforms with variable wave elements.Oscilloscope is used to verify the terminal output performance of this remote system.

Decision Making Support System(DSS)——A Synthesized and Integrated Crystallization of Systems Engineering, Artificial Intelligence and Electronic Technologies

I firmly believe that of systems engineering is the requirement-driven force for the progress ofsoftware engineering, artificial intelligence and electronic technologies. The development ofsoftware engineering, artificial intelligence and electronic technologies is the technical supportfor the progress of systems engineering. INTEGRATION can be considered as "bridging" the ex-isting technologies and the People together into a coordinated SYSTEM.

Researchers Propose Electrodriven Chemical Looping Ammonia Synthesis Mediated by Lithium Imide

Ammo n i a(N H 3)i s a promising energy vector for the storage and utilization of renewable energies.Artificially synthesizing NH3 from its elements(Haber-Bosch process)requires harsh reaction conditions(400-500°C,10-30 MPa)because N2 is inert and nonpolar with a strong N≡N bond.The synthesis of NH3 under mild conditions is still challenging.

Challenges and opportunities in plasma-activated reactions of CO_(2) with light alkanes

Mitigation of the deleterious environmental impacts associated with CO_(2) emissions requires the development of more sustainable processes for synthesizing fuels and chemicals.Selective conversion of abundant yet difficult to activate molecules such as CO_(2) and surplus light alkanes from shale gas to desirable products can potentially reduce reliance upon conventional fossil-based feedstocks.Therefore,co-conversion of CO_(2) with abundant light alkanes such as methane and ethane using atmospheric-pressure.

Numerical simulation of the sensor output on Macao Science Satellite-1

Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1)will be launched at the early of 2023 into a near-circular orbit.The mission is designed to measure the Earth’s geomagnetic field with unpreceded accuracy through a new perspective.The most important component installed on the satellite,to ensure high accuracy,is the deployable boom(Optical Bench).A Vector Field Magnetometer(VFM),an Advanced Stellar Compass(ASC),and a Couple Dark State Magnetometers(CDSM)are deployed on the deployable boom.In order to maximize the mission’s scientific output,a numerical simulator on MSS-1’s deployable boom was required to evaluate the adaptability of all devices on the deployable boom and assist the satellite’s data pre-processing.This paper first briefly describes the synthesis of the Earth’s total magnetic field and then describes the method simulating the output of scalar and vector magnetometers.Finally,the calibration method is applied to the synthetic magnetometer data to analyze the possible noise/error of the relevant instruments.Our results show that the simulator can imitate the disturbance of different noise sources or errors in the measuring system,and is especially useful for the satellite’s data processing group.

基于综合健康指数与RVM的系统级失效预测

针对具有多维状态变量、多种工作模式和故障模式的复杂工程系统,提出一种基于综合健康指数(synthesized health index,SHI)与相关向量机(relevance vector machine,RVM)的系统级失效预测方法。在离线训练阶段,先根据有限失效历史数据建立各工作模式下的健康评估模型,并据此获得各历史退化轨迹的SHI序列;然后再使用RVM对这些序列进行回归处理,进而辨识出与回归曲线最为匹配的函数模型。在线预测阶段,先运用健康评估模型计算当前设备的SHI序列并进行RVM回归,再拟合出离线阶段确定的函数模型并添加时变噪声;最后,外推预测出系统剩余使用寿命的概率密度分布。该方法成功应用到涡轮发动机的失效预测案例。

Synthes线缆系统置入内固定治疗全髋关节置换后股骨假体周围骨折

背景:近年来股骨假体周围骨折已经成为是全髋关节置换后最常见的并发症之一,Vancourver B1型骨折因为股骨柄假体稳定同时无明显骨缺损,目前多主张积极行内固定治疗。目的:探讨Synthes线缆系统置入内固定治疗全髋关节置换后Vancouver B1型股骨假体周围骨折的临床效果。方法:2009年5月至2012年10月南通市第一人民医院骨科采用Synthes线缆系统置入内固定治疗18例全髋关节置换后Vancouver B1型股骨假体周围骨折患者,女10例,男8例;年龄45-80岁,平均(62.67±8.67)岁。治疗后第1,3,6个月复诊,按Harris评分标准评定髋关节功能,满分为100分,≥90分为优,80-89分为较好,70-79分为良,<70分为差。结果与结论:18例患者均获得随访,18例获得随访6-43个月,患者平均骨折愈合时间为(19.06±4.04)周。18例治疗前Harris评分为(22.3±3.6)分,治疗后第1,3,6个月髋关节Harris评分均较治疗前显著提高(P<0.01),髋关节功能恢复良好。提示Synthes线缆系统能最大程度恢复股骨正常解剖结构,操作简便,损伤小,稳定性强,安全性高,是治疗Vancouver B1型股骨假体周围骨折的理想方法。

Design of Down Scalers in Mixed-Signal GHz Frequency Synthesizer

An optimized method is presented to design the down scalers in a GHz frequency synthesizer. The down scalers are comprised of dual modulus prescaler （DMP） and programmable ＆ pulse swallow divider,different methods of high frequency analog circuit and digital logical synthesis are adopted respectively. Using a DMP high speed, lower jitter and lower power dissipation are obtained,and output frequency of 133.0MHz of the DMP working at divide-by-8 shows an RMS jitter less than 2ps. The flexibility and reusability of the progrs, mmable divider is high;its use could be extended to many complicated frequency synthesizers. By comparison,it is a better design on performance of high-frequency circuit and good design flexibility.

A Programmable 2.4GHz CMOS Multi-Modulus Frequency Divider

A programmable multi-modulus frequency divider is designed and implemented in a 0. 35μm CMOS process. The multi-modulus frequency divider is a single chip with two dividers in series,which are divided by 4 or 5 prescaler and by 128-255 multi-modulus frequency divider. In the circuit design, power and speed trade-offs are analyzed for the prescaler, and power optimization techniques are used according to the input frequency of each divider cell for the 128-255 multimodulus frequency divider. The chip is designed with ESD protected I/O PAD. The dividers chain can work as high as 2.4GHz with a single ended input signal and beyond 2.6GHz with differential input signals. The dual-modulus prescaler consumes 11mA of current while the 128-255 multi-modulus frequency divider consumes 17mA of current with a 3.3V power supply. The core area of the die without PAD is 0.65mm × 0.3mm. This programmable multi-modulus frequency divider can be used for 2.4GHz ISM band PLL-based frequency synthesizers. To our knowledge, this is the first reported multi-modulus frequency divider with this structure in China.

A 2.4GHz Quadrature Output Frequency Synthesizer

A design and implementation for a 2.4GHz quadrature output frequency synthesizer intended for bluetooth in 0. 35μm CMOS technology are presented. A differentially controlled quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator （QVCO） is employed to generate quadrature （I/Q） signals. A second-order loop filter, with a unit gain transconductance amplifier having the performance of a third-order loop filter,is exploited for low cost. The measured spot phase noise is -106.15dBc/Hz@ 1MHz. Close-in phase noise is less than -70dBc/Hz. The synthesizer consumes 13.5mA under a 3.3V voltage supply. The core size is 1.3mm×0. 8mm.

A CMOS Fully Integrated Frequency Synthesizer with Stability Compensation

A complete closed-loop third order s-domain model is analyzed for a frequency synthesizer. Based on the model and root-locus technique, the procedure for parameters design is described, and the relationship between the process,voltage,and temperature variation of parameters and the loop stability is quantitatively analyzed. A variation margin is proposed for stability compensation. Furthermore,a simple adjustable current cell in the charge pump is proposed for additional stability compensation and a novel VCO with linear gain is adopted to limit the total variation. A fully integrated frequency synthesizer from 1 to 1.05GHz with 250kHz channel resolution is implemented to verify the methods.

A New High Performance FM Transmitter

A new FM transmitter is reported. It adopts a fractional-N PLL synthesizer to realize the FM modulator. An extra offset current has also been applied to eliminate the effects of the mismatch in CP. The chip is fabricated with CSMC 0.5μm DPTM CMOS technology. Experiments show that it achieves THD≤0.08% and SNR≤ 82dB,and the maximum outband emission energy ≤ 90dBc/Hz. Furthermore,it also uses an auto frequency adjusting method to avoid tuning up the external inductances. All these merits are very suitable for FM transmission.

A new method to construct reservoir capillary pressure curves using NMR log data and its application

By analyzing hundreds of capillary pressure curves, the controlling factors of shape and type of capillary pressure curves are found and a novel method is presented to construct capillary pressure curves by using reservoir permeability and a synthesized index. The accuracy of this new method is verified by mercury-injection experiments. Considering the limited quantity of capillary pressure data, a new method is developed to extract the Swanson parameter from the NMR T2 distribution and estimate reservoir permeability. Integrating with NMR total porosity, reservoir capillary pressure curves can be constructed to evaluate reservoir pore structure in the intervals with NMR log data. An in-situ example of evaluating reservoir pore structure using the capillary pressure curves by this new method is presented. The result shows that it accurately detects the change in reservoir pore structure as a function of depth.

Low Jitter,Dual-Modulus Prescalers for RF Receivers

Dual-modulus prescalers （DMP） for RF receivers are studied. An improved D-latch is proposed to increase the speed and the driving capability of the DMP. A novel D-latch architecture integrated with ‘OR＇ logic is proposed to decrease the complexity of the circuit. A divided-by-16/17 DMP for application in a digital video broadcasting-terrestrial receiver is realized with a TSMC 0.18μm mixed-signal CMOS process. The programmable ＆ pulse swallow divider in this receiver is designed with a 0.18μm CMOS standard cell library and realized in the same process. The measured results show that the DMP has an output jitter of less than 0.03% and works well with the programmable ＆ pulse swallow divider.