This paper proposes a blockchain-based system as a secure, efficient, and cost-effective alternative to SWIFT for cross-border remittances. The current SWIFT system faces challenges, including slow settlement times, h...This paper proposes a blockchain-based system as a secure, efficient, and cost-effective alternative to SWIFT for cross-border remittances. The current SWIFT system faces challenges, including slow settlement times, high transaction costs, and vulnerability to fraud. Leveraging blockchain technology’s decentralized, transparent, and immutable nature, the proposed system aims to address these limitations. Key features include modular architecture, implementation of microservices, and advanced cryptographic protocols. The system incorporates Proof of Stake consensus with BLS signatures, smart contract execution with dynamic pricing, and a decentralized oracle network for currency conversion. A sophisticated risk-based authentication system utilizes Bayesian networks and machine learning for enhanced security. Mathematical models are presented for critical components, including transaction validation, currency conversion, and regulatory compliance. Simulations demonstrate potential improvements in transaction speed and costs. However, challenges such as regulatory hurdles, user adoption, scalability, and integration with legacy systems must be addressed. The paper provides a comparative analysis between the proposed blockchain system and SWIFT, highlighting advantages in transaction speed, costs, and security. Mitigation strategies are proposed for key challenges. Recommendations are made for further research into scaling solutions, regulatory frameworks, and user-centric designs. The adoption of blockchain-based remittances could significantly impact the financial sector, potentially disrupting traditional models and promoting financial inclusion in underserved markets. However, successful implementation will require collaboration between blockchain innovators, financial institutions, and regulators to create an enabling environment for this transformative system.展开更多
An important feature of local self-government which differs from other public authorities should be the independence of its organs from the government system of administration. The empowerment of local communities, wh...An important feature of local self-government which differs from other public authorities should be the independence of its organs from the government system of administration. The empowerment of local communities, which takes place in all democratic states, has been achieved by giving the guarantee of autonomy to local self-government, including financial autonomy. These are fundamental assumptions of local self-government functioning. The subject of this paper is to present self-government, in the field of shaping the basic sources of public tasks. issues relating to the financial autonomy of loca of its financial supply in cash, enabling the performance展开更多
equalization of public services is not only conducive to the promotion of social justice; it maintains social stability and national unity, but also helps to promote the coordinated development of economy and society....equalization of public services is not only conducive to the promotion of social justice; it maintains social stability and national unity, but also helps to promote the coordinated development of economy and society. States should give full play to the role of taxation mechanisms to actively promote the use of transfer payments to the equalization of basic public services. In this paper, we focus on China＇ s current system of transfer payments problems and we should deepen mode of transfer payment system＇ s equalization of basic public services under the trend of design.展开更多
Although China’s local governments are facing greater financial pressure,they often sell industrial land at low prices to attract investment.Local government land transfer strategies refl ect driving mechanisms of of...Although China’s local governments are facing greater financial pressure,they often sell industrial land at low prices to attract investment.Local government land transfer strategies refl ect driving mechanisms of officials’behavior.Based on the micro data of about 340000 industrial land sales in 289 prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2015,this paper divides industrial land transfer into two categories,namely land transfer with the aim of attracting investment and normal transfer,according to whether the transfer price is lower than the minimum price stipulated by central government.The paper explores the strategies of industrial land transfer under financial pressure and the motivation differences of officials with the help of changes in local land transfers after the introduction of economic stimulus policies.It is found that financial pressure will signifi cantly reduce local industrial land transfer with the aim of investment attraction.However,after the introduction of economic stimulus policies,although financial pressure has increased,the infl uence of financial pressure on local governments’investment-induced land transfer behavior significantly weakened due to the increase of out-of-system financing channels,thus industrial land transfer with the aim of attracting investment has increased signifi cantly.From the perspective of promotion incentives of officials,officials with longer term were more inclined to sell industrial land to attract investment.Therefore,it is necessary to rationally arrange the financial resources and powers of central and local governments,to adapt reasonable macro control method and strategy,and to build an offi cial evaluation system that meets the needs of high-quality development.展开更多
文摘This paper proposes a blockchain-based system as a secure, efficient, and cost-effective alternative to SWIFT for cross-border remittances. The current SWIFT system faces challenges, including slow settlement times, high transaction costs, and vulnerability to fraud. Leveraging blockchain technology’s decentralized, transparent, and immutable nature, the proposed system aims to address these limitations. Key features include modular architecture, implementation of microservices, and advanced cryptographic protocols. The system incorporates Proof of Stake consensus with BLS signatures, smart contract execution with dynamic pricing, and a decentralized oracle network for currency conversion. A sophisticated risk-based authentication system utilizes Bayesian networks and machine learning for enhanced security. Mathematical models are presented for critical components, including transaction validation, currency conversion, and regulatory compliance. Simulations demonstrate potential improvements in transaction speed and costs. However, challenges such as regulatory hurdles, user adoption, scalability, and integration with legacy systems must be addressed. The paper provides a comparative analysis between the proposed blockchain system and SWIFT, highlighting advantages in transaction speed, costs, and security. Mitigation strategies are proposed for key challenges. Recommendations are made for further research into scaling solutions, regulatory frameworks, and user-centric designs. The adoption of blockchain-based remittances could significantly impact the financial sector, potentially disrupting traditional models and promoting financial inclusion in underserved markets. However, successful implementation will require collaboration between blockchain innovators, financial institutions, and regulators to create an enabling environment for this transformative system.
文摘An important feature of local self-government which differs from other public authorities should be the independence of its organs from the government system of administration. The empowerment of local communities, which takes place in all democratic states, has been achieved by giving the guarantee of autonomy to local self-government, including financial autonomy. These are fundamental assumptions of local self-government functioning. The subject of this paper is to present self-government, in the field of shaping the basic sources of public tasks. issues relating to the financial autonomy of loca of its financial supply in cash, enabling the performance
文摘equalization of public services is not only conducive to the promotion of social justice; it maintains social stability and national unity, but also helps to promote the coordinated development of economy and society. States should give full play to the role of taxation mechanisms to actively promote the use of transfer payments to the equalization of basic public services. In this paper, we focus on China＇ s current system of transfer payments problems and we should deepen mode of transfer payment system＇ s equalization of basic public services under the trend of design.
基金Humanities and Social Sciences Research Planning Fund of the Ministry of Education:the Green Growth Effect of Regional Environmental Regulation from the Perspective of Environmental Total Factor Productivity(19YJAZH062)special fund support for basic scientific research of universities directly under the Ministry of Education(2722019PY025,2722020PY032).
文摘Although China’s local governments are facing greater financial pressure,they often sell industrial land at low prices to attract investment.Local government land transfer strategies refl ect driving mechanisms of officials’behavior.Based on the micro data of about 340000 industrial land sales in 289 prefecture-level cities in China from 2006 to 2015,this paper divides industrial land transfer into two categories,namely land transfer with the aim of attracting investment and normal transfer,according to whether the transfer price is lower than the minimum price stipulated by central government.The paper explores the strategies of industrial land transfer under financial pressure and the motivation differences of officials with the help of changes in local land transfers after the introduction of economic stimulus policies.It is found that financial pressure will signifi cantly reduce local industrial land transfer with the aim of investment attraction.However,after the introduction of economic stimulus policies,although financial pressure has increased,the infl uence of financial pressure on local governments’investment-induced land transfer behavior significantly weakened due to the increase of out-of-system financing channels,thus industrial land transfer with the aim of attracting investment has increased signifi cantly.From the perspective of promotion incentives of officials,officials with longer term were more inclined to sell industrial land to attract investment.Therefore,it is necessary to rationally arrange the financial resources and powers of central and local governments,to adapt reasonable macro control method and strategy,and to build an offi cial evaluation system that meets the needs of high-quality development.
