The Relationship between Public Service Efficiency of Government and Residential Political Trust in Hong Kong

Hong Kong has a long history with its high efficiency and clean and self-disciplined government.Within the past over 20 years,different social development trend has occurred in Hong Kong.The article observed the relationship between political trust from residence and public service efficiency of government in Hong Kong from 1992 to 2015 and found that the value of public service efficiency has a significant effect on political trust in Hong Kong government,the higher the efficiency of public services,the higher the political trust.The author tried to find the path for the Hong Kong government to improve its public service quality and efficiency after testifying the positive correlation between public service efficiency and residential political trust with empirical analysis.

Registered Nurses’ Perceptions of Factors Contributing to Trust-Based Public Management

Aim: The aim of this study was to illuminate registered nurses’ (RNs) perceptions of Trust-Based Public Management (TBPM) in Swedish health care. Design: This study follows a phenomenografic approach guided by Ference Marton’s philosophy. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were used to identify variations in RNs’ perceptions of TBPM. Between February and April 2019, 24 RNs from five Swedish public healthcare departments participated in the study. Results: The results show that none of the participants had previously heard about the work of the Swedish Delegation for TBPM. The study revealed perceptions those politicians and managers were absent from the workplace, that power had been displaced to HR, and that perceptions of trust in the leadership and of working to guidelines varied. Perceptions varied between RNs employed by the municipalities and by the hospitals concerning administration, the time allotted for work, cooperation, and education.

Self-Organized Public-Key Management for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks Based on a Bidirectional Trust Model

In traditional networks , the authentication is performed by certificate authoritys（CA）,which can＇t be built in distributed mobile Ad Hoc Networks however. In this pa per, we propose a fully self-organized public key management based on bidirectional trust model without any centralized authority that allows users to generate their public-private key pairs, to issue certificates, and the trust relation spreads rationally according to the truly human relations. In contrast with the traditional self-organized public-key management, the average certificates paths get more short, the authentication passing rate gets more high and the most important is that the bidirectional trust based model satisfys the trust re quirement of hosts better.

Does internet use improve the public evaluation of government environmental governance (GEG) in China? An analysis using the Chinese Social Survey, 2013−2017

Based on three datasets of the Chinese Social Survey(CSS)2013,2015,and 2017 and the National Statistical Yearbook,this study examined whether and in what ways using the Internet may or may not affect the public evaluation of government environmental governance(GEG).There are three main findings.First,Internet use has a negative influence on the public evaluation of GEG.Second,there has been an urban-rural difference in terms of Internet use;especially for the rural resident,increasing their use of the Internet significantly lowered their evaluation of GEG.Third,Internet use affects GEG mainly through political trust,whilst it tends to enhance people’s perception of environmental problems;however,it has little influence on their evaluation of GEG.This finding implies that public evaluation of GEG should be viewed as an important inter-subjective dimension of GEG;especially in the Internet era,it has become increasingly necessary for the government to not only continuously improve the quality of governance by dealing with actual/practical environmental issues,but also enhance its ability to react to the public opinions online effectively and appropriately.

The Internet,Public Crisis and Social Identity

The Internet reconstructs the order of information dissemination and power relations during a public crisis and facilitates the redistribution of discourse power. Therefore, from a micro perspective, it further complicates a specific crisis;while from a macro perspective, it intensifies the uncertainty of social risks. In the context of a public crisis, through the redistribution of discourse power, the Internet promotes competitions among a diversity of opinions and disintegrates the traditional mechanism of opinion expression, the mechanism of social trust and the legitimate mechanism of decision making and power exercising. In the meantime, the Internet also creates space for social actions. This space, integrating the virtual space with the real world, enables the public to"upgrade"from onlookers and expressers to active movers. Dialogue among plural subjects in the society should be deemed a basic notion and the approach to public crisis management in the era of the Internet should renew the discourse order, reconstruct the mechanisms of trust and legitimacy, and cultivate a sense of identity and community in a pluralist context.

Analysis on the Cy-Pres Doctrine in the Public Benefit Trust

Public benefit trust is of great significance to the development of social public welfare, and the cy-pres doctrine as a special principle of public benefit trust, plays an important role in protecting the continuation of public benefit trust, and the realization and reasonable use of high-efficiency trust properties. In this paper, therefore, the origin, establishment, and development trend of the approximation principle as well as its current legislative situation in China are studied, and also its applicability of the Cy-Pres doctrine in China＇s public benefit trust is briefly evaluated, so as to further deepen the understanding of the Cy-Pres doctrine and develop the public benefit trust undertakings in China.

Overview of business innovations and research opportunities in blockchain and introduction to the special issue

Blockchain has become a new frontier of venture capitals that has attracted the attention of banks,governments,and other business corporations.The recent blockchain related attempts included legal blockchains by Fadada.com and Microsoft and pork tracking blockchains by Walmart and IBM.Blockchain is poised to become the most exciting invention after the Internet;while the latter connects the world to enable new business models based on online business processes,the former will help resolve the trust issue more efficiently via network computing.In this paper,we give an overview on blockchain research and development as well as introduce the papers in this special issue.We show that while blockchain has enabled Bitcoin,the most successful digital currency,its widespread adoption in finance and other business sectors will lead to many business innovations as well as many research opportunities.

Security Architecture on the Trusting Internet of Things

By analyzing existed Internet of Things＇ system security vulnerabilities, a security architecture on trusting one is constructed. In the infrastructure, an off-line identity authentication based on the combined public key （CPK） mechanism is proposed, which solves the problems about a mass amount of authentications and the cross-domain authentication by integrating nodes＇ validity of identity authentication and uniqueness of identification. Moreover, the proposal of constructing nodes＇ authentic identification, valid authentication and credible communication connection at the application layer through the perception layer impels the formation of trust chain and relationship among perceptional nodes. Consequently, a trusting environment of the Internet of Things is built, by which a guidance of designing the trusted one would be provided.

Government Data Openness and Coverage. How do They Affect Trust in European Countries?

Purpose: This paper aims to assess if the extent of openness and the coverage of data sets released by European governments have a significant impact on citizen trust in public institutions.Design/methodology/approach: Data for openness and coverage have been collected from the Open Data Inventory 2018(ODIN), by Open Data Watch;institutional trust is built up as a formative construct based on the European Social Survey(ESS), Round 9. The relations between the open government data features and trust have been tested on the basis of structural equation modelling(SEM).Findings: The paper reveals that as European governments improve data openness, disaggregation, and time coverage, people tend to trust them more. However, the size of the effect is still small and, comparatively, data coverage effect on citizens' confidence is more than twice than the impact of openness.Research limitations: This paper analyzes the causal effect of Open Government Data(OGD) features captured in a certain moment of time. In upcoming years, as OGD is implemented and a more consistent effect on people is expected, time series analysis will provide with a deeper insight.Practical implications: Public officers should continue working in the development of a technological framework that contributes to make OGD truly open. They should improve the added value of the increasing amount of open data currently available in order to boost internal and external innovations valuable both for public agencies and citizens.Originality/value: In a field of knowledge with little quantitative empirical evidence, this paper provides updated support for the positive effect of OGD strategies and it also points out areas of improvement in terms of the value that citizens can get from OGD coverage and openness.

Secured Cloud Data Migration Technique by Competent Probabilistic Public Key Encryption

Cloud computing, a recently emerged paradigm faces major challenges in achieving the privacy of migrated data, network security, etc. Too many cryptographic technologies are raised to solve these issues based on identity, attributes and prediction algorithms yet;these techniques are highly prone to attackers. This would raise a need of an effective encryption technique, which would ensure secure data migration. With this scenario, our proposed methodology Efficient Probabilistic Public Key Encryption(EPPKE) is optimized with Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategies(CMA-ES). It ensures data integrity through the Luhn algorithm with BLAKE 2b encapsulation. This enables an optimized security to the data which is migrated through cloud. The proposed methodology is implemented in Open Stack with Java Language. It achieves better results by providing security compared to other existing techniques like RSA, IBA, ABE, PBE, etc.

公共数据进入数据要素市场模式研究

公共数据是数据要素市场的重要组成部分,其如何进入数据要素市场以及其参与数据要素市场的模式分为几类,学界对此少有研究。通过梳理和比较,深入挖掘国内外公共数据参与数据要素市场的模式类型,归纳得出公共数据进入数据要素市场有两大类、五种模式,包括一级市场(授权运营)+二级市场(场内交易)模式,公共数据开发利用+场外交易模式,依托数据平台构建公共数据流通市场模式,借助数据经纪商、数据中介的交易模式,以及通过(公共)数据信托参与数据市场模式等。在此归纳基础上,演绎出公共数据进入数据要素市场的理想模式,这一理想模式分为数据获取、数据产品生产、数据产品交易三个各有其独特特征的环节,可为我国公共数据进入数据要素市场的策略选择提供参考。

农地确权与农户政治信任:基于中央和基层组织的分析

农地确权的经济影响效应受到了学界的广泛关注,但鲜有研究关注农地确权政策的政治效应。基于3期农地确权追踪调查数据,利用广义DID模型评估农地确权对农户政治信任水平的影响。结果表明:农地确权使农户的中央级政治信任、村级政治信任分别提升0.142个单位和0.215个单位。上述结果在考虑平行趋势、样本随机性、控制潜在遗漏变量、替换被解释变量、更换计量模型后依然稳健。机制分析表明,农地确权通过降低地权权益的保护成本、提升盘活农地产权收益两条途径对农户政治信任产生影响。进一步分析显示:农地确权执行规范程度越高,不影响农户的中央级政治信任,但会显著提升农户的村级政治信任水平。由此认为,农地确权除产生经济影响外,也是政府投资农户政治信任的有效途径。

旅游者风险感知对目的地信任影响研究——政府信任的中介作用

旅游者风险感知与信任密切相关,各种风险所带来的不确定性会改变社会互动并造成信任危机,而旅游者目的地信任是影响旅游者满意度与忠诚度的重要因素。以安东尼·吉登斯关于风险感知和信任的论述为理论依据建立分析框架,通过网络问卷对326名风险经历者进行调查,并以政府信任为中介变量,以风险沟通、应急处置为调节变量,重点探讨了公共卫生事件情境下旅游者风险感知对其目的地信任的作用机制与效应。结果显示:风险感知对旅游者政府信任具有显著负向影响,而风险感知对旅游者目的地信任无显著影响;政府信任对旅游者目的地信任具有显著正向影响;风险沟通在风险感知与政府信任中不存在调节作用,应急处置在风险感知与政府信任中存在调节作用。

基于感知公平理论的公共危机事件后政府信任修复研究

从公平视角探讨政府信任修复的机理,对于危机管理和信任修复领域具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文基于感知公平理论和归因理论构建了政府信任修复模型,分析了公共危机事件后公众感知公平、危机事件归因对政府信任修复的作用机理,并采用情景实验法进行实证检验,研究发现:(1)结果公平、程序公平、互动公平修复策略能有效地修复政府信任;(2)三种公平修复策略对于政府认知信任维度和情感信任维度的修复效果存在显著差异;(3)政府对危机事件的责任归属、稳定性归因会影响三种公平修复策略的修复效果。公共危机事件后,政府可以根据信任受损的维度及事件归因选择适当的公平修复策略。

突发公共卫生事件中民众对专家系统的信任研究

风险社会充满不确定性,社会风险因素不断增加,突发公共卫生事件中民众与专家系统的信任关系存在“有限”信任取代完全依赖、盲从式跟风、信任缺失等问题。从风险传播视角出发,分析民众与专家系统信任关系存在问题的原因主要包括:专家与普通民众之间的认知落差、媒体不当报道消解专家公信力、对话机制缺失影响专家观点传播效果,并在此基础上提出落实公众参与交流机制、规范新闻媒体报道、优化专家风险话语表达等修复和调整民众对专家系统信任关系的有效策略。

数智时代公共图书馆用户数据隐私保护策略——基于信任理论视角

文章梳理公共图书馆用户数据隐私保护现状,分析数智时代公共图书馆用户数据隐私保护在技术与安全、法律与伦理、用户意识与教育及资源与管理方面面临的挑战。基于信任理论视角,从认知信任、情感信任和制度信任3个维度提出公共图书馆用户数据隐私保护策略,即增强用户对公共图书馆用户数据隐私保护能力的信任,增进用户对公共图书馆的情感联结和信任,强化用户对公共图书馆用户数据隐私保护制度的信任。

公共转移支付对家庭消费相对剥夺的影响

本文基于中国家庭追踪调查数据(CFPS),运用双向固定效应模型,实证考察公共转移支付对家庭消费相对剥夺的影响及作用机理。研究发现,公共转移支付可以显著缓解家庭消费相对剥夺。经过一系列稳健性检验并缓解潜在的内生性问题后,研究结论依然成立。异质性分析表明,相比于民生性转移支付,生产性转移支付显著缓解了家庭消费相对剥夺;公共转移支付对贫困县和高抚养比家庭的消费相对剥夺影响更大。机制分析表明,公共转移支付主要通过降低家庭收入相对剥夺、改善收入不确定性和提高社会信任水平来缓解家庭消费相对剥夺。本研究为缓解个体消费相对剥夺、改善居民福利水平,进而实现共同富裕提供了微观证据。

信息框架和媒介信任对公共卫生事件信息分享的影响机制研究——基于眼动追踪技术

[研究目的]媒介通过构建不同的信息框架来影响用户对公共卫生事件的认知和行为决策,同时用户也会基于对不同媒介的信任而有意识地选择和传播事件信息。探究用户的信息认知加工机制和信息分享行为影响机制,对于精准进行舆情引导和提升应急管理能力具有重要意义。[研究方法]依据框架理论,利用眼动追踪技术,设计2信息框架(正性vs.负性)×2媒介信任(高vs.低)的混合实验,揭示用户对媒介信息的视觉加工过程及信息分享行为的深层动机。[研究结论]相较于负性信息框架,用户在正性框架下投入更多的认知努力并更倾向于进行信息分享;无论信息框架为正性或负性,用户更倾向于关注和分享信任度高的媒介发布的信息。用户在高媒介信任水平下对媒介的关注存在差异,而在低媒介信任水平下对信息内容的注意分配存在差异,且两种信任水平下用户对正性信息框架的认知分配均多于负性信息框架。

公共部门组织声誉何以影响公民政策遵从?——基于数字治理中公民信息采集意愿的调查实验研究

公民政策遵从关乎政策成败,治理现代化背景下亟须探索促进公民政策遵从的有效策略。公共部门组织声誉作为政策领域的“无形资产”,是否能够影响公民政策遵从意愿?当前学界尚未对以上问题做出回答。基于此,本文在已有研究基础上引入中介变量——政府信任和调节变量——组织声誉维度,构建公共部门组织声誉与公民政策遵从之间的关系模型,通过调查实验探究公共部门组织声誉与公民政策遵从之间的关系及其形成的内在机理。研究结果表明:其一,相较于带有负面声誉的公共部门,公众对享有正面声誉的公共部门表现出更高的遵从度;其二,组织声誉对公民政策遵从的影响并非仅限于直接产生,也可通过公民政府信任间接实现;其三,不同组织声誉维度下政府信任存在明显差异,说明组织声誉维度可作为一个调节政府可信度的机制。将公共部门组织声誉理论与公民政策遵从进行链接和对话,既丰富了公共部门组织声誉的微观研究,也为提升政府治理成效以及推进公民政策获得感提供了实践启示。

乡村治理监督的内化机制及其调适路径——以湖北省咸宁市通城县Z村为例

治理监督是促进乡村有效治理、推动乡村治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要保障。随着国家监督体系的完善,监督要素日益深入并内化到乡村治理过程中。从实践来看,治理监督的内化包括完善基层组织、凝聚治理共同体、形成规则共治等3个阶段。其中,组织继替的筛选机制、公共信任的整合机制、规则治理的约束机制是其得以内化的实践机制。当前,乡村治理监督内化面临组织持续继替难以保证、协商自治空间难以维持、主体共治意识普遍不强等现实困境。因此,需要引导后备人才返乡生活、释放基层治理协商空间以及提升基层组织动员能力,以保障“监督治村”的常态化与实效性。