Construction and Application of Cloud Computing Model for Reciprocal and Collaborative Knowledge Management

Promoting the co-constructing and sharing of organizational knowledge and improving organizational performance have always been the core research subject of knowledge management.Existing research focuses on the construction of knowledge management systems and knowledge sharing and transfer mechanisms.With the rapid development and application of cloud computing and big data technology,knowledge management is faced with many problems,such as how to combine with the new generation of information technology,how to achieve integration with organizational business processes,and so on.To solve such problems,this paper proposes a reciprocal collaborative knowledge management model(RCKMmodel)based on cloud computing technology,reciprocity theory,and collaboration technology.RCKM model includes project group management and cloud computing technology,which can realize management,finance,communication,and quality assurance of multiple projects and solve the problem of business integration with knowledge management.This paper designs evaluation methods of tacit knowledge and reciprocity preference based on the Bayesian formula and analyzes their effect with simulation data.The methods can provide quantitative support for the integration of knowledge management and business management to realize reciprocity and collaboration in the RCKM model.The research found that RCKM model can fully use cloud computing technology to promote the integration of knowledge management and organizational business,and the evaluation method based on the Bayesian formula can provide relatively accurate data support for the evaluation and selection of project team members.

Exploiting Distributed Cognition to Make Tacit Knowledge Explicating

Distributed cognition is a new development trend of cognitivism, and is also a new research field of knowledge manage- ment. The study discusses that tacit knowledge explicating activity is a distributed cognitive activity, whose success depends on interaction of each of these factors in distributed cognitive system and none of the factor could be neglected. Further, the study exploits distributed cognition to explore how to design these factors in the system so that tacit knowledge explicating can be accomplished successfully.

Tacit Knowledge Mining:The Key Traditional Chinese Medical Inheritance

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is a treasure of traditional Chinese culture and a gift to the world.TCM tacit knowledge refers to the knowledge and experiences formed in the process of learning and practice of TCM.The objective of this study is to discuss the importance of TCM tacit knowledge in the inheritance and education of TCM.As the essence of the TCM,TCM tacit knowledge has the characteristics of massive,complicated,relativistic,highly individualized,constantly innovative,the dependence of cultural background and the regional environment,as well as difficult to explicate.It exists in every aspect of the TCM theory and the process of dialectical treatment.Besides the traditional master‑apprentice,family‑based,school‑based,and inheritance and education methods,together with the inheritance based on the books,images,and network platforms,in the process of TCM modernization,a variety of modern theoretical models and computing techniques have also been used in the mining of the TCM tacit knowledge.In this study,we introduced the usage of SECI model,complexity adaptive system,latent variable model,and some of the data mining technologies in the TCM tacit knowledge mining.An accurate and efficient inheritance of TCM tacit knowledge is the key to maintain the vitality and innovative development of TCM.Under the reasonable application and combination of the traditional education methods,modern mining methods,and further the artificial intelligence,the explicit and inheritance of TCM tacit knowledge will get tremendous development,and it could extremely improve the efficiency and accuracy of the TCM inheritance and the TCM modernization.

Personal Tacit Knowledge and Global Learning Professional Competencies—Multi-Dimensional Relationships

Global learning professional competencies (GLPCs) are essential for college students to be able to address the impact of globalization in the 21st century. Organizations and society-at-large look to higher education to prepare college students with GLPCs. In addition, there is a body of literature that suggest personal tacit knowledge enhance GLPCs. However, researchers have done little from an empirical perspective to determine the relationship between the use of P-T K and enhancement of GLPCs, hence the purpose of this study. The statistical results revealed significant correlations, p st century knowledge society through use of P-T K.

Research on Explicit and Tacit Knowledge Interaction in Software Process Improvement Project

This research develops a knowledge model for Software Process Improvement (SPI) project based on knowledge creation theory and its twenty-four measurement items, and proposes two hypothesizes about the interaction of explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge in SPI. Eleven factors are extracted through statistical analysis. Three knowledge-creation practices for capturing tacit knowledge contribute greatly to SPI, which are communication among members, crossover collaboration in practical work and pair programming. Two knowledge-creation practices for capturing explicit knowledge have significant positive impact on SPI, which are integrating project document and on-the-job training. Ultimately, suggestions for improvement are put forward, that is, encouraging communication among staff and integrating documents in real time, and future research is also illustrated.

Protocol Based Approach for Tacit to Explicit Knowledge Conversion

In the knowledge management domain, the conversion of tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge is critical because it is a prerequisite to the knowledge amplification process wherein knowledge becomes part of an organization＇s knowledge network. Although codified knowledge and its capture is commonplace, tacit knowledge has up until recent years proved elusive in its inclusion within the organization＇s knowledge base. In this paper, the conversion process has been dealt with the help of protocols. It is learned that while structure may significantly improve the tacit to explicit conversion process, it also may matter how the structure is employed. It is anticipated that eventual successful modeling of such knowledge will ultimately be undertaken in several organizations with a view to improving information capture and transference.

Systematic research on enterprise knowledge management

Entering 21st century, knowledge has already become the most important strategic resource for enterprises. The key factors of keeping continuous competitive advantages for an enterprise are the abilities of knowledge management and knowledge innovations. Enterprise knowledge management is a new subject with great theoretical meaning and actual meaning. From a new angle, guided by systematic viewpoint, this paper analyses deeply and explores synthetically enterprise knowledge management as a complicated system problem by doing the following:Defining the implication of enterprise knowledge management;Analyzing three kinds of the key elements in enterprise knowledge management and the interaction relations among the elements;Proposing and probing into the structure of enterprise knowledge management. Considers the structure as the open dynamic network structure with multidimensional space. Through drawing the state chart of key elements, analyzes the functions of enterprise knowledge management; Proposing and studying the interaction mechanisms between three kinds of the key elements and enterprise knowledge management. On the basis of all above analyses, aiming at the conditions and problems of enterprise knowledge management in our country, this paper probes into the main countermeasures of knowledge management that should be adopted by the enterprises of our country.

参与式设计影响要素探析

针对参与式设计概念模糊以及用户参与性较弱现状,明确参与式设计要素,梳理用户参与目的、参与方法和工具。围绕参与式设计协作要素:参与者知识和参与工具,具体阐述参与对象和参与模式。并将参与式设计中的工具、技术和方法从参与形式角度分成制作、讲述和表演3类,探讨具体应用时目的与方式。参与式设计是一种设计理念,在设计过程中应用各种工具和方法获取用户的需求以及创新想法。通过分析参与要素与方法特点,设计实现非专家用户参与设计过程的工具,将对参与式设计在用户研究领域的应用具有重要意义。

组织支持对专利密集型企业研发人员创新绩效的影响——以知识贡献为中介

基于社会交换理论,以46家专利密集型企业的150名专利研发人员为调研对象,并采用研发人员参与研发的专利数量作为创新绩效的衡量指标,探讨组织支持与研发人员创新绩效之间的关系以及知识贡献(显性知识贡献和隐性知识贡献)的中介作用和成长需求强度的调节作用。结果表明:组织支持与研发人员绩效呈正相关,研发人员的创新绩效可以从更高水平的隐性知识贡献中受益,组织支持对隐性知识贡献的积极效应部分由成长需求强度来调节。由此提出企业应该通过制定相关民主政策等方法来塑造高水平的组织支持、注重组织内部评估体系以增强员工贡献的意识等相关建议。

包容性文化视域下隐性知识多样性对企业创新绩效的作用研究

在建设创新型国家战略背景下,提升企业创新绩效成为重中之重。丰富多样的知识是支持企业创新绩效提升的核心资源,而隐性知识是企业知识资源中最具价值的部分。从丰富性、异质性、动态性三维度考察隐性知识多样性,将创新绩效分为探索式和利用式两种,以2017—2021年1613家中国A股上市公司为样本数据来源,开展包容性文化视域下隐性知识多样性对企业创新绩效作用路径的实证研究。结果表明,隐性知识丰富性正向影响企业创新绩效,隐性知识异质性和动态性负向影响企业创新绩效;在部分路径上,包容性文化三维度(低权力距离、集体主义、低不确定性规避)具有显著正向调节作用,能够强化隐性知识多样性的作用效果。对直接效应的进一步检验表明,研究结果具有稳健性,但在不同规模和技术水平的企业中存在一定异质性。研究结论有助于深化对隐性知识多样性在创新情境中复杂作用机制的认识,丰富知识管理与创新管理理论,对企业组织建设包容性文化与开展创新管理实践具有重要指导意义。

基于蔡氏混沌的隐性知识转移仿真研究

在知识经济时代,知识转移过程已成为管理学研究的热点问题。为分析隐性知识转移阻力变化对隐性知识转移过程及形态的影响,在梳理现有隐性知识转移文献的基础上,运用混沌理论构建蔡氏混沌隐性知识转移模型并进行仿真分析,研究隐性知识在主体间转移规律。研究结果表明:隐性知识转移具有初始状态敏感性等混沌特征,随着知识主体间合作与竞争平衡关系的变化,输出方转移意愿、输出方转移能力、接收方吸收动机、合作信任强度、互动交流程度也随之变化,隐性知识转移呈现出隐性知识转移全阻力类型、隐性知识转移高阻力类型、隐性知识转移中阻力类型、隐性知识转移低阻力类型以及隐性知识转移零阻力类型5种类型。基于仿真研究结果,提出隐性知识转移效果提升对策,同时,为隐性知识具有反馈机制的双向非线性转移过程研究提供新的量化方法和研究思路。

投桃报李:临时员工助人行为对正式员工隐性知识分享的影响机制

多元雇佣触发的员工内部关系矛盾问题日趋复杂,如何促进多元雇佣聚力发展,已成为零工经济情境下理论和实践领域着力探讨的核心议题。文章基于社会交换理论,引入关系认同和感知义务作为中介变量,将任务相依性作为边界条件,构建临时员工助人行为对正式员工隐性知识分享的双路径机理模型,旨在分析临时员工助人行为对正式员工隐性知识分享的作用效果及潜在机制。通过对三阶段收集的237份纵向数据分析表明:关系认同和感知义务在临时员工助人行为与正式员工隐性知识分享之间起中介作用;任务相依性会强化临时员工助人行为对关系认同和感知义务的影响效应,并且任务相依性能够调节关系认同和感知义务的中介路径,即任务相依性程度越强,临时员工通过关系认同和感知义务对正式员工隐性知识分享的正向影响越强。

西方文学理论语言中心论的困境和中国文学理论崛起的历史使命

西方从20世纪八九十年代开始的后现代文学理论,以反本质主义对正统理性观念进行全面反思和批判,甚至颠覆,在政治和意识形态方面取得了划时代的成就,但对文学的质疑,以其文化批评的普遍性淹没了文学的特殊性,导致文学虚无论和反审美占据主流,后虽有新审美等号称审美的“复仇”,其排斥心理情志的语言中心论之线性思维却依然故我。当此百年文化巨变之际,吾人当以实践真理论和辩证法结合中国文学优秀传统建构中国文学理论,作历史之崛起。本文本着文本第一性的原则,首先从经典文本中概括出文学文本并非语言中心论单因单果之线性关系,而是表层意象、中层意脉、深层文学形式的三维立体结构。文本的整体结构不但在数量上大于各要素之和,而且在性质上是“形质俱变”的。西方文论之失更在于把文本作为成品被动接受,成品作为结果的单一化淹盖着丰富复杂的原因。有效解读当如海德格尔所言“进入作品创作过程中”,才能看出作家创作的匠心。想象自己是作者,想象自己如何驾驭意象、文脉、形式,对照经典文本,发现其间的差距,这就有望从仰望转到攀登经典的高度。

从知识管理角度探讨中医传承新模式

中医知识可分为显性知识和隐性知识两个部分,本文从知识管理角度,阐述了五种中医传承模式中显性知识与隐性知识组成,系统梳理了传统中医传承模式的优势与不足,并创新性地将SECI知识管理模型引入中医传承研究中,构建中医知识传承创新模式,通过隐性知识社会化、隐性知识外部化、显性知识组合化、显性知识内部化4个方面提出中医知识传承的新思路。该模式有助于实现中医传承中的显隐性知识循环转化,为中医传承事业的“创造性转化与创新性发展”提供借鉴方案。

科学教育中科学家的角色与功能

部分科学家参与科学教育的专业实践以及与此相关的研究,是发展高质量科学教育的关键要素。科学家为何以及应该如何深度参与到其他专业群体之中,即科学教育中科学家的角色定位和功能发挥问题,尚缺乏适当的分析框架。互动型专长这一概念框架,强调科学研究中的默会规范,以及外行沉浸于科学研究活动与科学群体之中的重要性,适用于分析当前科学教育如何实现实践转向。当下的科学实践存在着社会−认知上的层级迁移、更强的默会程度和交叉性等特征,科学发展的动态性和科学探索的复杂性给科学教育变革带来了新挑战。科学教育在将科学认知实践的真实过程、与认知实践相关的社会维度等转化为教育资源时,衔接不足。通过参与校内外科学教育,科学家能够促进科学外行的互动型专长,自身也能获得一定的社会−认知受益。科学家深度参与科学教育有多重角色,是促进学生参与和理解真实的科学认知实践的衔接者和资源提供者、科学教育领域的合作研究者。通过传递真实的科学研究过程、澄清学科交叉中的多重概念与推理、促进理解科学模型、促进有科学证据的科学教育研究,科学家能够发挥的功能可以是:提升课程质量、影响教学实践、提升基础教育科学教师的培养层次,助力学生成为认知实践的主体,培养科技人才、促进有科学证据的科学教育。

零件加工隐性工艺知识获取方法研究

随着制造业数字化工艺的深入应用,如何高效利用积累的工艺知识,已成为提升工艺设计效率与质量的关键,然而隐性工艺知识却存在难以获取、描述与转化的技术瓶颈,严重阻碍智能化工艺设计模式推广。为此,提出了一种复杂零件加工的隐性工艺知识获取方法。首先,利用等宽法对结构化工艺数据进行离散化处理,构建基于文本挖掘的隐性工艺知识获取流程,并通过产生式规则对隐性工艺知识表达;然后,基于案例推理和规则推理融合的知识推理方法,并采用最近邻算法实现隐性工艺知识的识别;最后,以船用柴油机缸盖类复杂加工零件为验证对象,对加工隐性工艺知识获取方法进行了有效验证。

重访科层制:对议事协调机制的类型学探究

议事协调机制长期被视为破解科层制协同困境的制度设计,但现有研究对议事协调机制的类型学缺乏系统考察。基于对W市应急管理工作的参与式观察发现,领导小组在调度中出现“小组失灵”,而工作组与工作专班表现出更强的议事协调能力。以行政知识和政治权威的正式与非正式形式为框架,研究分析三种议事协调机制的类型与适用情境:领导小组是权力导向型,适用于改革性、开创性情境;工作组是事务导向型,适用于任务性、统筹性情境;工作专班是资源导向型,适用于攻坚性、焦点性情境。科层制作为理解现代政府的理论基础,伴随着行政改革的浪潮历经衰落与回归,其与议事协调机制的关系尚未在理论层面得到充分讨论。重访科层制有助于在常规政治生活的视野内锚定议事协调机制的类型与功能,呈现新时代整体性政府建设的组织调适。

写作课程知识的默会属性及其转化研究

根据波兰尼的默会知识理论,所有知识都是由显性知识和默会知识构成的,因此不可避免地带有默会属性,写作课程知识也不例外。将古德莱德课程层级理论作为分析框架,可以从理想课程、正式课程和实践课程三个层面揭示出写作课程知识在开发、选择与呈现以及教学中所蕴含的默会属性。在默会知识视域下,根据不同层面课程的性质和需求,可以确定四条写作课程知识的转化路径,分别是建立权威的学术研究共同体,提升写作课程知识开发的认可度和合法性;研制全面的写作课程知识选择标准,并优化语文课程标准的内容体系,提升语文教材编制的科学性;激发学生的写作动机,指导学生进行有计划、有针对性地开展写作实践;创设开放、互动、共享的写作情境,建立师生共同参与的写作实践社群。

隐性知识深度服务体系架构及其协同机制

[研究目的]明晰需求导向下的隐性知识深度服务体系功能、要素、架构及其协同机制,提升隐性知识应用价值、改善其创新效益。[研究方法]基于深度服务理念,融合系统科学和协同学思想,从用户与环境双重视角,利用Kano模型与WBS方法剖析隐性知识服务需求、厘清其结构;在此基础上,由需求结构推演系统功能结构,基于一般系统方法论之结构方法反演隐性知识服务体系架构;进而,以WSR系统方法论分析隐性知识深度服务体系要素及其间作用机理,并基于协同学思想讨论该体系架构的协同机制。[研究结论]明确了隐性知识深度服务体系架构及其协同机制,丰富了相关理论成果,为实践域内应用系统的顶层设计提供了遵循与参考。