Curved Spine:The Shape of Spine in Taoist Body Diagrams and Its Influence on Medical Body Diagrams

From the early Taoist diagrams of the human body to the end of the Qing dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China,Taoists exaggerated and deformed the human spine in a shape-shifting manner.It is likely that medical practitioners were influenced by this style of representation,and there are also numerous diagrams of the human body with the curved spine in the lateral-view diagrams of viscera and Ming Tang Tu(明堂图Acupuncture and Moxibustion Chart),which constantly show the human torso in an elliptical“egg shape”.No later than the Ming dynasty,medical practitioners began to depict the actual physiological spinal curve of the human body.By the Qing dynasty,the depiction of the spinal curve in medical diagrams of the human figure showed a tendency to part ways with the Taoist freehand style of the previous generation.Although the representation of the curve of the spine was very crude,later medical images of the human body at least gradually straightened the spine and no longer depicted it in a shape-shifting manner.However,the curved spine in Taoist diagrams of the human body continued to exist,and the presentation of the curved spine never changed.This way of depicting its appearance,which is very different from reality,is shaped by Taoism's special way of perceiving and viewing the body,and may also contain another form of truth.

Analysis and Study on Decorative Art Characteristics of Xianweng Temple in Bofang Village, Gaoping, Shanxi, China

There are many important ancient buildings left in Bofang Village with a long history.The Xianweng Temple located in the north of the village is the only Taoist building in the ancient building group of Bofang Village.Its historical origin can be traced back to Tang and Song dynasties.The temple is a collection of gardens,buildings,painted in one place,all aspects of the achievement is quite high.Through the study of the decorative art characteristics of Xien-weng Temple in Bofang Village,Gaoping,this paper summarizes the artistic characteristics of Taoist architectural decoration in Shanxi,excavates the great value of its existence,and inspires more people to reflect on the protection of ancient buildings.

The Evolution of Landscape Layout Concept of Lingnan Taoist Zuting Temples in the Qing Dynasty

The replacement of Lingnan Taoist Zuting Temples from Lingbao Sect to Quanzhen Sect in the Qing Dynasty has led to the change of the layout of Taoist temples on Luofu Mountain. Through literature review, field research, image comparison and other research methods, the paper explores how the layout of the Taoist temples on Luofu Mountain evolved from the Four Taoist Temples in the Gehong period to the Five Taoist Temples in the Qing Dynasty under the influence of different Taoist ideologies, aiming to explore the cultural implications of the evolution of the layout of Lingnan Taoism Zuting Temple in the Qing Dynasty.

Research on Health Tourism Development Based on Taoist Culture——A Case Study of Mao Mountain Scenic Area in Jurong City of China

In accordance with relevant theories of health tourism and Taoist health culture,backgrounds for health tourism development in Mao Mountain had been analyzed from perspectives of geographic conditions,environmental resources and source market.It pointed out that brand effect of Mao Mountain Scenic Area had initially formed and "snack" tourism became prominent.After conclusion of necessity and feasibility to develop health tourism in Mao Mountain,it proposed strategies to develop health tourism in Mao Mountain which were "indentifying Taoist health theme,creating harmonious ecological environment,developing characteristic products and completing service system".

Influence of Confucian and Taoist Cultures on Vernacular Dwellings in Jiaodong Area of China

By analyzing influence of Confucian and Taoist cultures on vernacular dwellings in Jiaodong area,especially the influence of "the doctrine of the mean" on architectural layouts of local dwellings,influence of benevolence and social institutions on the spatial sequence of local dwellings,it was pointed out that Confucian cultures enhanced the hierarchy of spaces,boundaries between internal and external spaces,symmetric layouts and orderly rhythm of courtyards;and meanwhile,the influence of Taoist cultures on the formation of villages in Jiaodong area was also analyzed,the natural philosophy implied in local dwellings was highlighted,such as "Dealing with the nature with natural laws","Going in a natural way","Governing by doing nothing that goes against the nature" and "Respecting natural properties".Based on field investigation of existing vernacular dwellings,common and plain cultural value,realistic significance and sustainability of these dwellings were explored to provide theoretical and practical foundation for the design of new folk houses.

Research on the Strategic Model for the Translation of Taoist Classics Based on Adaptation Theory

The core view of the adaptation theory is that language has a systematic propagation law,and language translation should be unfolded and extended according to the basic structure of the system.This paper has conducted an in-depth study on the translation of classics of the Taoist culture,with the purpose of improving the accuracy of the translation strategy.This paper also focuses on adaptation theory and taking the continuation and adaptation process of discourse as the core of the research,and conducts the construction analysis on the strategic model.The content of this paper is predicted to offer some simple translation reference ideas for professional translators who are dedicated to the direction of classics.

On the Relationship between Chinese Taoist Rites and Agriculture

There is a close relationship between Taoism and traditional agriculture in China. This relationship is also manifested in the relationship between Taoist rites and agriculture: the Taoist rites have obvious awareness of stressing the agriculture; holding of Taoist rites,gods worshiped in rites,offerings used,and grain consumed are connected with the agriculture; many actions in rites have nature of imitating the agriculture. The concept of " quietness" and " cleanness" in rites can cultivate the awareness of farmers for respecting the agriculture.

Study on the Art of Stone Piling in Jiangnan Gardens under the Influence of Taoist Aesthetic Thought in Ming and Qing Dynasties

This paper explored the signifi cant impact of Taoist views on stone-piled rockeries in Jiangnangardens (Jiangnan refers to southern region of the Yangtze River) in Ming and Qing dynasties from theperspectives of morphology (Xing ), meaning (Yi ), pneuma (Qi ), including the view for life “modeling afterthe nature and valuing authenticity” in Taoist aesthetics , view of space “only Tao gathering nothingness”,and ecological ethical view of “everything as the same”. Moreover, it disclosed the process of gardenrockery design’s simulation of nature and aesthetic renovation, reviewed aesthetic value of garden rockeries,and contributed to the further understanding of garden design.

A Review on the Post-Earthquake Emergency Conservation Project of Fulong Taoist Temple

The 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan Province caused significant damage to Dujiangyan irrigation system,which is one of the world's cultural heritages.After the earthquake,the Chinese government launched the post-earthquake emergency conservation project for cultural heritages.The Fulong Taoist Temple in Dujiangyan was the first to adopt the conservation project.The earthquake-damaged Fulong Taoist Temple was restored in just 18 months.This article reviews the entire emergency conservation project of Fulong Taoist Temple in Dujiangyan after the earthquake,discusses the restoration principles and technical methods used in this project,and uses the comments of the Asia-Pacific Heritage Protection Award to expound the historical significance of this protection project.

Resources and utilization of Taoist Medicinal Plants distributed in Wudang Mountain

The purposes of this investigation were： （1） to document Taoist herbal medicine in Wudang District, including whichplant species and the ways of processing and administrations; （2） to compare the utilization of medicinal herbs of Taoist medicinein Wudang Disctrict and Traditional Chinese Medicine （TCM）. In this study, based on our botanical survey, 178 species medicinalplants belonging to 75 families were recorded by Wudaug Taoist. Out of these, the most important species were Compositae,Labiatae, Liliaceae, Leguminosae, Berberidaceae, Polygonaceae, Rosaceae and Ranunculaceae. The study revealed that wine,tea and bath were most popular forms of administration in Taoist medicine. Our study is the first time to document Taoist medicinesystematically. Taoist medicine culture can have its characteristics and bring honor to the world cultural hefitage--Wudang Mountains,and then make greater contributions for human health and longevity.