Compact 5G Vivaldi Tapered Slot Filtering Antenna with Enhanced Bandwidth

Compact fifth-generation(5G)low-frequency band filtering antennas(filtennas)with stable directive radiation patterns,improved bandwidth(BW),and gain are designed,fabricated,and tested in this research.The proposed filtennas are achieved by combining the predesigned compact 5G(5.975–7.125 GHz)third-order uniform and non-uniform transmission line hairpin bandpass filters(UTL and NTL HPBFs)with the compact ultrawide band Vivaldi tapered slot antenna(UWB VTSA)in one module.The objective of this integration is to enhance the performance of 5.975–7.125GHz filtennas which will be suitable for modern mobile communication applications by exploiting the benefits of UWB VTSA.Based on NTL HPBF,more space is provided to add the direct current(DC)biassing circuits in cognitive radio networks(CRNs)for frequency reconfigurable applications.To overcome the mismatch between HPBFs and VTSA,detailed parametric studies are presented.Computer simulation technology(CST)software is used for the simulation in this study.Good measured S11 appeared to be<−13 and<−10.54 dB at 5.48–7.73 and 5.9–7.98GHz with peak realized gains of 6.37 and 6.27 dBi,for VTSA with UTL and NTL HPBFs,respectively which outperforms the predesigned filters.Validation is carried out by comparing the measured and simulated results.

Ultra-wideband bilateral tapered slot-line antenna fed by coplanar waveguide

In order to broaden the bandwidth of a tapered slot- line antenna （TSA）, a bilateral tapered slot-line antenna （BTSA） with a new feeding structure of coplanar waveguide （CPW） is developed. Based on the fact that the bandwidth limitation of TSA mainly depends on its feeding structure, an improved CPW-based feed structure etched on the backboard of the BTSA is adopted to perform traveling-wave transition. Both the simulation results and measurement data verify that the proposed feeding structure results in ＂high-pass＂ frequency response for antenna impedance matching. The voltage standing wave ratio （VSWR） is less than 2：1 when the frequency is higher than 3 GHz. The antenna gain exceeds 7 dBi with good radiation patterns when the bandwidth is from 4 to 16 GHz. This ultra wideband （UWB） antenna with a compact size is specially available for the electronic systems of counter-measure and microwave imaging.

Millimeter wave dielectric loaded exponentially tapered slot antenna array using substrate integrated waveguide for gigabit wireless communications

A new and upcoming application is the use of 60 GHz antennas for high date rate point-to-point connections to serve Gigabit(Gi-Fi)w ireless communications.The design of M illimeter w ave(M m W)antennas has to cope w ith the unadorned influences of manufacturing tolerances and losses at 60 GHz.In this paper,the concept of Substrate Integrated Waveguide(SIW)and Exponentially Tapered Slot(ETS)antenna w ere used together to design a high gain,efficient planar dielectric loaded antenna for M m W Gi-Fi w ireless communications at 60 GHz.The SIW is used to feed the antenna and a dielectric is utilized in front of the antenna to increase the gain.The dielectric loaded ETS antenna and compact SIW feed w ere fabricated on a single substrate,resulting in low cost and easy fabrication.The antenna w ith elliptical shaped dielectric loaded w as fabricated using printed circuit board process.The measured gain of the single element antenna is 10.2 dB,w hile the radiation efficiency of 96.84%is obtained at 60 GHz.The Y-junction SIW pow er divider is used to form a 1×4 array structure.M easured gain of the 1×4 array antenna is 13.3 dB,w hile the measured radiation pattern and gain are almost constant w ithin the w ide bandw idth of the antenna.

Design and Implementation of Step-Constant Tapered Slot Antennas for UWB Application

This paper presents the analytical design and high performance of step-constant tapered slot antenna (STSA) for ultra-wideband application. The return loss, radiation pattern, antenna gain, and level of cross polarization of this antenna are presented and analyzed. Utilizing Rogers (RO3006) substrate having a relative permittivity of 6.15, the proposed antenna provides the ultra-wideband (UWB) from 3.1 GHz to 10.6 GHz. It is observed that the return loss and gain are increased with increasing the step size. It has been observed from the simulation results incorporating CST microwave studio commercial software version 2015, the optimum return loss, directivity and gain are ?43 dB, 10.52 dBi and 10.20 dB, respectively, for 15 step size. Therefore, the newly proposed antenna will be a decent candidate for ultra-wideband application.

Broadband Feed for Low Cross-Polarization Uniplanar Tapered Slot Antennas on Low-Permittivity Substrate

A broadband feeding technique for the uniplanar tapered slot antenna (TSA) is presented. The TSA operates at a center frequency of 6.5 GHz with a 7 GHz bandwidth (107 percent). The antenna and feed are realized with a broadband microstrip-to-slotline transition on a low permittivity high frequency substrate, Rogers RT/Duroid 5880. The input impedance of the system is designed for 50 Ω compatibility with other system components, and the cross polarization is kept below –30 dB. The developed TSA system was simulated with commercially available electromagnetic software and manufactured. Measured results validate the design process and the antenna’s performance.

Design and Analysis of Antipodal Vivaldi Antennas for Breast Cancer Detection

This paper presents the design and analysis of antipodal Vivaldi antennas(AVAs)for breast cancer detection.In order to enhance the antenna gain,different techniques such as using the uniform and non-uniform corrugation,expanding the dielectric substrate and adding the parasitic patch are applied to original AVA.The design procedure of two developed AVA structures i.e.,AVA with non-uniform corrugation and AVA with parasitic patch are presented.The proposed AVAs are designed on inexpensive FR4 substrate.The AVA with non-uniform corrugation has compact dimension of 50×50 mm2 or 0.28λL×0.28λL,whereλL is wavelength of the lowest operating frequency.The antenna can operate within the frequency range from 1.63 GHz to over 8 GHz.For the AVA with parasitic patch and uniform corrugation,the overall size of antenna is 50×86 mm2 or 0.24λL×0.41λL.It can operate within the frequency range from 1.4 GHz to over 8 GHz.The maximum gain for AVA with non-uniform corrugation and AVA with parasitic patch and uniform corrugation are 9.03 and 11.31 dBi,respectively.The corrugation profile and parasitic patch of the proposed antenna are optimized to achieve the desired properties for breast cancer detection.In addition,the proposed AVAs are measured with breast phantom to detect cancerous cell inside the breast and the performance in detecting cancerous cell are discussed.The measured result can confirm that the proposed AVAs can detect unwanted cell inside the breast while maintaining the compact size,simple structure and low complexity in design.

小型垂直极化辐射波强电磁脉冲模拟器研制

为满足实验需求,研制了一台小型的垂直极化偶极子型辐射波EMP模拟器。该模拟器天线是架高为5 m,半锥角为32°的倒立圆锥结构,与地面镜像构成偶极子形式。模拟器实验区域为围绕圆锥顶点,直径为25 m的圆形区域。具有上端馈入和下端馈入2种脉冲驱动模式,分别由两套脉冲驱动源来实现,可根据试验目的快速而便捷地切换。上端馈入脉冲源输出电压范围为50~300 kV,下端馈入脉冲源输出电压最大值可达2.95 kV。实验测试结果表明,该模拟器所产生的辐射场波形前沿可达2~3 ns,半高宽约为25 ns,波形指标符合IEC61000-2-9标准中对EMP实验波形的规定。

高功率超宽带组合天线的设计与实验

为满足高功率纳秒脉冲的发射需求,设计了一种适用于高功率微波的超宽带组合天线,对比了将点馈式巴伦和直馈式巴伦应用于高功率超宽带组合天线后天线的驻波曲线和表面电场分布情况,分析了组合天线阻抗与尺寸的关系,利用Klopfenstein阻抗渐变线降低反射,利用可调平板调整天线磁偶极子面积以提升天线低频性能,并通过驻波测试实验加以验证。在此基础上,进行了高功率微波实验,在全底宽3 ns、峰-峰值121 kV、中心频率329 MHz高功率双极脉冲的激励下,可实现功率容量73 MW,有效电压增益1.97。

一种改进的零陷展宽波束形成算法

针对常规自适应波束形成器因零陷较窄、在出现干扰运动时输出性能下降的问题,提出一种基于投影变换和虚拟天线技术的零陷展宽波束形成算法,利用干扰导向矢量和矩阵锐化技术构造投影变换矩阵,并用其对接收数据进行预处理同时结合对角加载技术得到新的协方差矩阵,引入虚拟天线技术扩展协方差矩阵和导向矢量进行自适应波束形成.算法在零陷展宽的同时可以加深零陷,能有效抑制快速运动干扰,提高阵列天线波束形成的输出性能.仿真结果验证了算法的有效性和优越性.

Developing Three-Dimensional Beamshaping Techniques on Volumetric Random Arrays to Suppress Array Sidelobes

This paper proposes a three-dimensional (3-D) amplitude tapering technique on volumetric random arrays to minimize array sidelobes and emulate phased array operations on mobile platforms. Our ultimate goal is to realize wireless phased array applications carried out by mobile platforms;in this paper, we focus on the development of collaborative beamforming algorithms. This beamshaping technique mitigates the discontinuity of the current distribution along the array aperture and lower array sidelobe level (SLL) by specially paying attention to the array element’s depth deviation. In this work, step by step amplitude tapering procedures are clearly illustrated. Further, a reconfigurable phased array with sixteen patch antennas is tested to verify the fidelity of the 3-D beamshaping algorithm. Measured and simulated radiation patterns are benchmarked to evaluate the sidelobe suppression results, and the best sidelobe suppressed region is around the array’s main beam.

雷击输电线路杆塔时的杆塔等效模型

为了对雷击杆塔时的波过程进行分析,研究了杆塔的等效模型。基于圆锥天线的相关理论,研究了杆塔单一支柱的等效波阻抗模型。结合实际杆塔结构,将杆塔视为4导体系统,在垂直单导体等效阻抗基础上乘以修正系数即得到实际杆塔等效阻抗。结合波阻抗定义式,引入了4导体系统等效阻抗修正系数,其中包括电感及电容修正系数,电感修正系数由黎曼公式计算,电容修正系数由4导体系统与垂直单导体四周电场分布情况比较得到。按照得出的杆塔等效阻抗模型对500kV等级杆塔进行计算。

一种宽带宽角双极化相控阵天线单元研究

设计了一种宽带宽角双极化相控阵天线单元,该天线单元采用指数渐变开槽天线形式,并设计了金属匹配柱安装在双极化天线单元之间,保证了开槽天线的接地连续问题。依次给出了该双极化天线单元的仿真设计、阵列样机的性能测试,从仿真和测试结果中可以看出,该双极化天线在3倍频程带宽内具有良好的匹配和辐射特性,并且能实现大角度二维扫描。该双极化天线单元具有宽频带、体积小、结构简单等特点,适于用作宽带宽角扫描相控阵天线的阵列单元。

渐变槽天线端射特性优化设计

该文在优化渐变槽天线结构基础上,采用栅形开槽和加载周期结构,设计了一款平面端射天线。通过数值模拟,分析了栅形开槽和周期结构对天线辐射特性的影响。该结构在1~3.5 GHz频带内,明显改善了渐变槽天线的端射特性。天线样机测试结果表明,该天线在1~3.5 GHz内,驻波系数小于2,增益约为7 d Bi。天线的群时延相对平坦,时域波形振铃较小,可以应用于脉冲体制雷达。

渐变槽线天线的参数分析与设计

研究了渐变槽线宽带宽角扫描天线阵列的关键参数进行了研究,提出了2种新的改善扫描驻波的方法对渐变槽线天线的研究。一是天线单元内部的结构参数,包括带状线开路段、圆形槽谐振腔、槽指数率、槽长度;另一个方面是阵列中的排布,包括阵列栅格距离、栅格形状。仿真分析借助HFSS进行,最后给出了结果,带宽大于3∶1,E面H面扫描角大于45°。

一种用于浅层探冰雷达的改进型宽带小型化TSA天线

该文介绍了一种用于高分辨率浅层探冰雷达(工作于500 MHz-2 GHz)的小型化TSA天线。该天线采用共面波导到槽线的转换结构实现馈电,天线的两侧边采用波纹结构,构成波纹结构的金属细条带的长度从馈点端到辐射孔径端逐渐减小。仿真结果表明,比之传统的TSA天线,该天线的工作频带可向低频扩展,同时低频段端射向增益能够提高3 dB。测试结果表明,除550 MHz附近的一个窄频带(S11<-8.2 dB)外,天线的阻抗带宽(S11<-10 dB)大于10:1。此外,在500 MHz-2 GHz内测量得到的端射向增益大于3.9 dBi,测量得到的辐射方向图与仿真值有较好的一致性。

一种新型超宽带渐变槽线天线设计

设计并制作了一种新型微带馈电的渐变槽线天线.采用改进的微带-槽线过渡,更好地解决了超宽带天线的阻抗匹配问题.提出一种新型渐变辐射曲线,有效地改善了低频段的匹配特性.实物样机的测试结果表明,在0.92-14.25 GHz频带内该天线的电压驻波比小于2.0∶1,带宽比达到15.4∶1,而且其带内辐射方向图的前后比大于15 dB,交叉极化低于-18 dB.

超宽带平面渐变开槽印刷天线阵的实验研究

采用共面波导到槽线的超宽带馈电结构,研制出用于接收阵列的超宽带渐变开槽印刷天线。在外场用示波器测量H面的时域方向图,结果表明:该阵列天线适合于用作实际的超宽带雷达接收天线阵。

低剖面渐变槽线天线单元设计

基于有限元仿真软件通过设置周期性边界条件的方法,分析了影响渐变开槽天线单元宽带宽角扫描性能的关键因素。通过在安装天线阵列的反射面上铺覆新型阻抗匹配材料,克服了天线高度对驻波带宽的限制,实现了天线的小型化设计。加工制作了一个20×16天线单元的实验小型面阵,并对其有源扫描驻波进行了测试。实测结果与仿真结果吻合,表明该天线在8GHz～12GHz带宽内±45°扫描范围内性能优异,可广泛应用于宽带宽角扫描相控阵天线系统。

UHF波段开槽天线宽带阻抗特性分析

该文采用时域有限差分法 (FDTD)对开槽天线在 UHF频段的宽带阻抗特性进行了分析计算。文中给出了计算所得到的一个Vivaldi天线的宽带驻波参数。通过与实验结果相比较可以看出,两者比较吻合,从而证明该文采用的分析模型和处理方法是可行有效的。根据得到的结果,开槽天线的驻波比至少在2个倍频程范围内变化不大,符合宽带工作的要求。

用于公路检测的超宽带横向电磁波喇叭天线

针对沥青路面层厚检测需求,设计了一种简单紧凑的超宽带横向电磁波（Transverse Electromagnetic,TEM）喇叭天线.相对于传统TEM喇叭天线的大尺寸设计,通过采用合理的指数渐变结构以及加载吸波材料,有效地减小了天线尺寸,极大地拓展了天线的阻抗带宽.仿真及测量结果表明：设计的TEM喇叭天线在0.83～12.8 GHz带宽内具有小于2的低电压驻波比,良好的辐射特性和较小的振铃,能够满足路用探地雷达系统要求.