In this work, experimental studies of biomass gasification under different operating conditions were carried out in an updraft gasifier combined with a copper slag reformer. The influence of gasification temperature, ...In this work, experimental studies of biomass gasification under different operating conditions were carried out in an updraft gasifier combined with a copper slag reformer. The influence of gasification temperature, equivalence ratio （ER） and copper slag catalyst addition on gas production and tar yield were investigated. The experimental results showed that the content of H2 and CO, gas yield and LHV increased, while the tar yield and the content of CO2, CH4 and C2Hx in the gas product decreased with the temperature. At 800℃, with the increase of ER, the LHV, the tar yield and the content of H2, CO, CH4 and C2H2 in gas products decreased, while the gas yield and the content of CO2 increased. Copper slag was introduced into the secondary reformer for tar decomposition. The Fe3O4 phase in the fresh copper slag was reduced to FeO （Fe^2＋） and metallic Fe by the gas product. Fe species （FeO and metallic Fe） acted as the active sites for tar catalytic decomposition. The catalytic temperature had a significant influence on tar conversion and the composition of the gas product. Typically, the tar conversion of about 17%-54% could be achieved when the catalytic temperature was varied from 750 to 950 ℃. Also, the content of H2 and CO increased with the catalytic temperature, while that of CO2, CH4 and C2Hx in the gas product decreased. It was demonstrated that copper slag was a good catalyst for upgrading the gas product from biomass gasification.展开更多
Pitch and tar bonded dolomite bricks are extensively used in ladles and converters for long time because of their superior properties such as. steel melt refining, easy production as well as low production cost. Recen...Pitch and tar bonded dolomite bricks are extensively used in ladles and converters for long time because of their superior properties such as. steel melt refining, easy production as well as low production cost. Recently, resin bonded dolomite bricks are presented for using in steel plants. Generally, quality and final cost of steels are affected by properties of refractories especially dolomite bricks. Therefore, recognition of influence parameters on dolomite refractory properties is very important. In this study, the effects of tar and resin as bonding systems, and addition of graphite （ 2wt% ） on the properties of dolomite refractory bricks have been investigated. Properties such as ： density and porosity, cold crushing strength, hydration time and depth of slag penetration have been studied. Results show that the bonding sys- tems and graphite have a great effect on the mentioned properties especially cold crushing strength and hydra- tion time. In addition to their low rate of pollution, resin bonded dolomite bricks show higher performance with proper technical specifications.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50906035)the Applied Basic Research Foundation of Yunnan Province (No. 2009ZC014M)the Scientific Research Foundation of Educational Commission of Yunnan Province (No. 09Z0015)
文摘In this work, experimental studies of biomass gasification under different operating conditions were carried out in an updraft gasifier combined with a copper slag reformer. The influence of gasification temperature, equivalence ratio （ER） and copper slag catalyst addition on gas production and tar yield were investigated. The experimental results showed that the content of H2 and CO, gas yield and LHV increased, while the tar yield and the content of CO2, CH4 and C2Hx in the gas product decreased with the temperature. At 800℃, with the increase of ER, the LHV, the tar yield and the content of H2, CO, CH4 and C2H2 in gas products decreased, while the gas yield and the content of CO2 increased. Copper slag was introduced into the secondary reformer for tar decomposition. The Fe3O4 phase in the fresh copper slag was reduced to FeO （Fe^2＋） and metallic Fe by the gas product. Fe species （FeO and metallic Fe） acted as the active sites for tar catalytic decomposition. The catalytic temperature had a significant influence on tar conversion and the composition of the gas product. Typically, the tar conversion of about 17%-54% could be achieved when the catalytic temperature was varied from 750 to 950 ℃. Also, the content of H2 and CO increased with the catalytic temperature, while that of CO2, CH4 and C2Hx in the gas product decreased. It was demonstrated that copper slag was a good catalyst for upgrading the gas product from biomass gasification.
文摘Pitch and tar bonded dolomite bricks are extensively used in ladles and converters for long time because of their superior properties such as. steel melt refining, easy production as well as low production cost. Recently, resin bonded dolomite bricks are presented for using in steel plants. Generally, quality and final cost of steels are affected by properties of refractories especially dolomite bricks. Therefore, recognition of influence parameters on dolomite refractory properties is very important. In this study, the effects of tar and resin as bonding systems, and addition of graphite （ 2wt% ） on the properties of dolomite refractory bricks have been investigated. Properties such as ： density and porosity, cold crushing strength, hydration time and depth of slag penetration have been studied. Results show that the bonding sys- tems and graphite have a great effect on the mentioned properties especially cold crushing strength and hydra- tion time. In addition to their low rate of pollution, resin bonded dolomite bricks show higher performance with proper technical specifications.
