Objective To identify the target behavior in the process of behavioral intervention for children with feeding difficulty and relevant factors that may contribute to more effective intervention.Methods Children aged fr...Objective To identify the target behavior in the process of behavioral intervention for children with feeding difficulty and relevant factors that may contribute to more effective intervention.Methods Children aged from 1 to 6 years with feeding difficulty randomly received interactive behavioral intervention(245 cases)or routine primary care(217 cases).By the end of the 1,3,6,and 9 months,the rating score of feeding difficulty and the body mass index(BMI)were assessed.The target behavior was determined based on the selecting criteria that simultaneously satisfied two conditions:①it was relevant to improving children's nutritional status;②it changed fast during intervention.Moreover,the relevant factors of target behavior were analyzed by multivariate analysis(Multi-Way ANOVA).Results Among nine behaviors of feeding difficulty,"eating slowly"was identified as a target behavior because it was closely relevant to the BMI z-score increment and had the biggest score reduction at early stage during intervention.Various factors were relevant to improving the target behavior,including parents acting as caregivers,caregiver's education level equal to and above junior college,and caregiver's concern about their children's feeding difficulty.Conclusion"Eating slowly"should be selected as the target behavior for early intervention for children with feeding difficulty and some social factors should be considered for optimizing the intervention.展开更多
金属结构在冲击载荷作用下,最终的变形方向与加载的方向相反,这一现象被称为反直观行为,试验发现背爆面柔性聚脲防护混凝土靶板在75 g TNT爆炸荷载下也发生了反直观行为。为了研究背爆面柔性聚脲防护混凝土靶板在爆炸荷载下的反直观行为...金属结构在冲击载荷作用下,最终的变形方向与加载的方向相反,这一现象被称为反直观行为,试验发现背爆面柔性聚脲防护混凝土靶板在75 g TNT爆炸荷载下也发生了反直观行为。为了研究背爆面柔性聚脲防护混凝土靶板在爆炸荷载下的反直观行为,采用ANSYS/LSDYNA有限元软件,建立了背爆面柔性聚脲防护混凝土靶板在爆炸荷载作用下的有限元模型。利用有限元模型分析背爆面柔性聚脲防护混凝土靶板的动态响应规律,从能量的角度研究靶板反直观行为的发生机理。以靶板的中心点位移和挠度为指标,参数化分析了炸药药量和聚脲涂层厚度对靶板反直观行为的影响规律。结果表明:靶板的反直观行为是由聚脲涂层的应变能释放、混凝土损伤破坏的能量耗散及两种材料间能量的相互转化这三种因素共同作用导致的;炸药药量是反直观行为能否发生的关键因素,当药量较低或较高时,靶板都无法发生反直观行为;涂层厚度在2~8 mm范围内,靶板均出现了反直观行为,其弯曲程度随着涂层厚度的增加先增大后减小。展开更多
基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(14411969200,10DZ2272200,09DZ2200900,10PJ1407500,10PJ1403500,10231203903,10JC1411200)Ministry of Education of China(NCET program)+4 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(81000592,11001084)Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(11ZZ103)Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau(2010004)Morning Star Rewarding Fund of Shanghai Jiao Tong University(Category B,2011)New Bairen Plan of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,and Shanghai Health Municipal Bureau Three-year Action(GWⅢ-27.3)
文摘Objective To identify the target behavior in the process of behavioral intervention for children with feeding difficulty and relevant factors that may contribute to more effective intervention.Methods Children aged from 1 to 6 years with feeding difficulty randomly received interactive behavioral intervention(245 cases)or routine primary care(217 cases).By the end of the 1,3,6,and 9 months,the rating score of feeding difficulty and the body mass index(BMI)were assessed.The target behavior was determined based on the selecting criteria that simultaneously satisfied two conditions:①it was relevant to improving children's nutritional status;②it changed fast during intervention.Moreover,the relevant factors of target behavior were analyzed by multivariate analysis(Multi-Way ANOVA).Results Among nine behaviors of feeding difficulty,"eating slowly"was identified as a target behavior because it was closely relevant to the BMI z-score increment and had the biggest score reduction at early stage during intervention.Various factors were relevant to improving the target behavior,including parents acting as caregivers,caregiver's education level equal to and above junior college,and caregiver's concern about their children's feeding difficulty.Conclusion"Eating slowly"should be selected as the target behavior for early intervention for children with feeding difficulty and some social factors should be considered for optimizing the intervention.
文摘金属结构在冲击载荷作用下,最终的变形方向与加载的方向相反,这一现象被称为反直观行为,试验发现背爆面柔性聚脲防护混凝土靶板在75 g TNT爆炸荷载下也发生了反直观行为。为了研究背爆面柔性聚脲防护混凝土靶板在爆炸荷载下的反直观行为,采用ANSYS/LSDYNA有限元软件,建立了背爆面柔性聚脲防护混凝土靶板在爆炸荷载作用下的有限元模型。利用有限元模型分析背爆面柔性聚脲防护混凝土靶板的动态响应规律,从能量的角度研究靶板反直观行为的发生机理。以靶板的中心点位移和挠度为指标,参数化分析了炸药药量和聚脲涂层厚度对靶板反直观行为的影响规律。结果表明:靶板的反直观行为是由聚脲涂层的应变能释放、混凝土损伤破坏的能量耗散及两种材料间能量的相互转化这三种因素共同作用导致的;炸药药量是反直观行为能否发生的关键因素,当药量较低或较高时,靶板都无法发生反直观行为;涂层厚度在2~8 mm范围内,靶板均出现了反直观行为,其弯曲程度随着涂层厚度的增加先增大后减小。
