This paper complements the relatively few existing studies on the macroeconomic effects of poverty in developing countries, by investigating the effect of poverty volatility on tax revenue instability. The empirical a...This paper complements the relatively few existing studies on the macroeconomic effects of poverty in developing countries, by investigating the effect of poverty volatility on tax revenue instability. The empirical analysis has been conducted using an unbalanced panel dataset of 97 developing countries covering the period of 1980–2017 and primarily the two-step system generalized method of moments estimator. Findings have revealed that least developed countries tend to experience a positive tax revenue instability effect of poverty volatility, while poverty volatility results in lower tax revenue instability in relatively advanced countries. Additionally, poverty volatility dampens the instability of tax revenue when poverty rates are low, and enhances it when countries face a greater extent of external shocks. From a policy perspective, this analysis shows that it would be essential for policymakers to dampen the volatility of poverty rates (notably in countries with high poverty rates) if they were to ensure the stability of tax revenue or reduce its instability, given the adverse effect of tax revenue instability on economic growth.展开更多
This research aims to identify the impact of the accounting dimensions of corporate governance on the quality of tax return,as well as their impact on tax revenues.A quantitative research was carried out based on a qu...This research aims to identify the impact of the accounting dimensions of corporate governance on the quality of tax return,as well as their impact on tax revenues.A quantitative research was carried out based on a questionnaire distributed to a selected sample of auditors,academics from the Department of Accounting and Finance Managers.Two research hypotheses were tested.Results show a relationship between the application of accounting dimensions of corporate governance and improving the quality of tax returns,as well as there is a relationship between the application of accounting dimensions of corporate governance and the increase of tax revenues.展开更多
Malaysia has a set of"blessed advantages"over other members of ASEAN in terms of fiscal incentives,environmental perspectives and established infrastructures.MNEs are welcome to invest in Malaysia as they co...Malaysia has a set of"blessed advantages"over other members of ASEAN in terms of fiscal incentives,environmental perspectives and established infrastructures.MNEs are welcome to invest in Malaysia as they could generate substantial income at the expense of significant tax benefits,compared with local companies.The proceeds of business can be diversified into venture capitals and private equities,earning sustainable investment returns and large capital gains upon realisation.Despite tax forgone,Malaysia continues furthering tax incentives to attract FDI.展开更多
This paper explains the tobacco tax structure and cigarette pricing mechanism in China, develops a general analytical framework for analyzing the Chinese tobacco turnover tax system, and examines the effects of 2009 t...This paper explains the tobacco tax structure and cigarette pricing mechanism in China, develops a general analytical framework for analyzing the Chinese tobacco turnover tax system, and examines the effects of 2009 tobacco tax adjustment on cigarette prices and tax revenue. We find that although the tax is not the most important factor determining cigarette retail prices, the tobacco tax does significantly affect the tobacco industry's profits under the current tobacco monopoly system in China. Therefore, the adjustment of the tobacco excise tax in 2009 did not raise cigarette retail prices, instead government tax revenue increased. In other words, the net result of the tax adjustment was a transfer of the tobacco industry's profit to government tax revenues. Profit margins ultimately determine cigarette wholesale and retail prices. From the perspective of tobacco control, China needs to reform its tobacco tax system and collect taxes at the retail level to increase overall cigarette retail prices, as well as reduce the government's monopolization over cigarette productions and sales.展开更多
文摘This paper complements the relatively few existing studies on the macroeconomic effects of poverty in developing countries, by investigating the effect of poverty volatility on tax revenue instability. The empirical analysis has been conducted using an unbalanced panel dataset of 97 developing countries covering the period of 1980–2017 and primarily the two-step system generalized method of moments estimator. Findings have revealed that least developed countries tend to experience a positive tax revenue instability effect of poverty volatility, while poverty volatility results in lower tax revenue instability in relatively advanced countries. Additionally, poverty volatility dampens the instability of tax revenue when poverty rates are low, and enhances it when countries face a greater extent of external shocks. From a policy perspective, this analysis shows that it would be essential for policymakers to dampen the volatility of poverty rates (notably in countries with high poverty rates) if they were to ensure the stability of tax revenue or reduce its instability, given the adverse effect of tax revenue instability on economic growth.
文摘This research aims to identify the impact of the accounting dimensions of corporate governance on the quality of tax return,as well as their impact on tax revenues.A quantitative research was carried out based on a questionnaire distributed to a selected sample of auditors,academics from the Department of Accounting and Finance Managers.Two research hypotheses were tested.Results show a relationship between the application of accounting dimensions of corporate governance and improving the quality of tax returns,as well as there is a relationship between the application of accounting dimensions of corporate governance and the increase of tax revenues.
文摘Malaysia has a set of"blessed advantages"over other members of ASEAN in terms of fiscal incentives,environmental perspectives and established infrastructures.MNEs are welcome to invest in Malaysia as they could generate substantial income at the expense of significant tax benefits,compared with local companies.The proceeds of business can be diversified into venture capitals and private equities,earning sustainable investment returns and large capital gains upon realisation.Despite tax forgone,Malaysia continues furthering tax incentives to attract FDI.
文摘This paper explains the tobacco tax structure and cigarette pricing mechanism in China, develops a general analytical framework for analyzing the Chinese tobacco turnover tax system, and examines the effects of 2009 tobacco tax adjustment on cigarette prices and tax revenue. We find that although the tax is not the most important factor determining cigarette retail prices, the tobacco tax does significantly affect the tobacco industry's profits under the current tobacco monopoly system in China. Therefore, the adjustment of the tobacco excise tax in 2009 did not raise cigarette retail prices, instead government tax revenue increased. In other words, the net result of the tax adjustment was a transfer of the tobacco industry's profit to government tax revenues. Profit margins ultimately determine cigarette wholesale and retail prices. From the perspective of tobacco control, China needs to reform its tobacco tax system and collect taxes at the retail level to increase overall cigarette retail prices, as well as reduce the government's monopolization over cigarette productions and sales.