[Objectives] This study was conducted to expand the insect resistance spectrum of tea saponin, and its control effect on Cylas formicarius and the potential as an insecticide for pest control were explored. [Methods] ...[Objectives] This study was conducted to expand the insect resistance spectrum of tea saponin, and its control effect on Cylas formicarius and the potential as an insecticide for pest control were explored. [Methods] The olfactory avoidance rate of C. formicarius to tea saponin aqueous solution was determined by Y-type olfactometer;the feeding avoidance rate of C. formicarius to tea saponin was determined by the selective method;the antifeedant rate of C. formicarius to tea saponin was determined by non-selective method;and the development duration and mortality of C. formicarius under the influence of tea saponin were determined by artificial feeding method. [Results] C. formicarius had no significant olfactory tendency to every concentration of tea saponin, and the olfactory avoidance rate of 20.0% tea saponin aqueous solution was only 9.14%. Tea saponin had a feeding avoidance effect on C. formicarius, and the avoidance rate increased with the increase of tea saponin concentration. At 6 h, the feeding avoidance rates of 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0%, 10.0% and 20.0% tea saponin on C. formicarius were 58.14%, 77.77%, 88.23%, 95.00% and 97.65 %, respectively;and the feeding avoidance effect at 6 h was significant, and the feeding avoidance rate was higher than that of 1 h. Tea saponin had a significant antifeedant effect on C. formicarius, and the longer the feeding time, the higher the antifeedant rate. At 72 h, the antifeedant rates of 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0%, 10.0 % and 20.0% tea saponin to C. formicarius were 63.01%, 67.54%, 97.14 %, 96.42% and 98.57%, respectively. The larval development duration of C. formicarius was shortened with the increase of tea saponin concentration, and the larval death occurred. The development duration of larvae under the influence of 1.0% tea saponin was the shortest, which was 4.01 d shorter than that of the control, and the mortality was the highest, which was 26.65%. [Conclusions] Tea saponin had neither olfactory avoidance effect nor olfactory attracting effect to C. formicarius, but had obvious feeding avoidance effect and strong antifeedant effect. Tea saponin can shorten the development duration of the larvae of C. formicarius and cause the death of the larvae.展开更多
茶是我国传统优势出口产品,但近年来以欧盟为代表的国家、地区相继出台实施了越来越严格的技术性贸易措施,使我国茶叶出口面临严峻挑战。本文以2020年1月-2024年6月欧盟食品和饲料快速预警系统(rapid alert system for food and feed,RA...茶是我国传统优势出口产品,但近年来以欧盟为代表的国家、地区相继出台实施了越来越严格的技术性贸易措施,使我国茶叶出口面临严峻挑战。本文以2020年1月-2024年6月欧盟食品和饲料快速预警系统(rapid alert system for food and feed,RASFF)对商品茶的通报数据为研究对象,分析了商品茶的安全状况与风险因素。在184例通报中有110例为农药残留问题,占比58%,是最主要的安全风险因素,其中毒死蜱、呋虫胺、唑虫酰胺、高效氯氟氰菊酯和蒽醌等问题最为突出。污染物问题(占比16%)及含有未授权物质或新食品成分(占比18%)也是被通报的主要因素。有15例通报是因含有吡咯里西啶生物碱,对茶中该类物质的要求为欧盟于2023年新增。RASFF通报从一个方面反映了当前茶叶的安全状况,值得引起关注。本文梳理分析了风险因素,并探讨了应对措施,以期为相关行业与监管部门有针对性开展监管提供技术依据,从而有效规避风险、促进贸易。展开更多
基金Supported by National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Guangxi Industry Potato Innovation Team(nycytxgxcxtd-11-01)Guangxi Science and Technology Planning Project(GK AB16380046,GK AB18221101)
文摘[Objectives] This study was conducted to expand the insect resistance spectrum of tea saponin, and its control effect on Cylas formicarius and the potential as an insecticide for pest control were explored. [Methods] The olfactory avoidance rate of C. formicarius to tea saponin aqueous solution was determined by Y-type olfactometer;the feeding avoidance rate of C. formicarius to tea saponin was determined by the selective method;the antifeedant rate of C. formicarius to tea saponin was determined by non-selective method;and the development duration and mortality of C. formicarius under the influence of tea saponin were determined by artificial feeding method. [Results] C. formicarius had no significant olfactory tendency to every concentration of tea saponin, and the olfactory avoidance rate of 20.0% tea saponin aqueous solution was only 9.14%. Tea saponin had a feeding avoidance effect on C. formicarius, and the avoidance rate increased with the increase of tea saponin concentration. At 6 h, the feeding avoidance rates of 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0%, 10.0% and 20.0% tea saponin on C. formicarius were 58.14%, 77.77%, 88.23%, 95.00% and 97.65 %, respectively;and the feeding avoidance effect at 6 h was significant, and the feeding avoidance rate was higher than that of 1 h. Tea saponin had a significant antifeedant effect on C. formicarius, and the longer the feeding time, the higher the antifeedant rate. At 72 h, the antifeedant rates of 0.5%, 1.0%, 5.0%, 10.0 % and 20.0% tea saponin to C. formicarius were 63.01%, 67.54%, 97.14 %, 96.42% and 98.57%, respectively. The larval development duration of C. formicarius was shortened with the increase of tea saponin concentration, and the larval death occurred. The development duration of larvae under the influence of 1.0% tea saponin was the shortest, which was 4.01 d shorter than that of the control, and the mortality was the highest, which was 26.65%. [Conclusions] Tea saponin had neither olfactory avoidance effect nor olfactory attracting effect to C. formicarius, but had obvious feeding avoidance effect and strong antifeedant effect. Tea saponin can shorten the development duration of the larvae of C. formicarius and cause the death of the larvae.
文摘茶是我国传统优势出口产品,但近年来以欧盟为代表的国家、地区相继出台实施了越来越严格的技术性贸易措施,使我国茶叶出口面临严峻挑战。本文以2020年1月-2024年6月欧盟食品和饲料快速预警系统(rapid alert system for food and feed,RASFF)对商品茶的通报数据为研究对象,分析了商品茶的安全状况与风险因素。在184例通报中有110例为农药残留问题,占比58%,是最主要的安全风险因素,其中毒死蜱、呋虫胺、唑虫酰胺、高效氯氟氰菊酯和蒽醌等问题最为突出。污染物问题(占比16%)及含有未授权物质或新食品成分(占比18%)也是被通报的主要因素。有15例通报是因含有吡咯里西啶生物碱,对茶中该类物质的要求为欧盟于2023年新增。RASFF通报从一个方面反映了当前茶叶的安全状况,值得引起关注。本文梳理分析了风险因素,并探讨了应对措施,以期为相关行业与监管部门有针对性开展监管提供技术依据,从而有效规避风险、促进贸易。
