Digital Twin for Human-Robot Interactive Welding and Welder Behavior Analysis

This paper presents an innovative investigation on prototyping a digital twin(DT)as the platform for human-robot interactive welding and welder behavior analysis.This humanrobot interaction(HRI)working style helps to enhance human users'operational productivity and comfort;while data-driven welder behavior analysis benefits to further novice welder training.This HRI system includes three modules:1)a human user who demonstrates the welding operations offsite with her/his operations recorded by the motion-tracked handles;2)a robot that executes the demonstrated welding operations to complete the physical welding tasks onsite;3)a DT system that is developed based on virtual reality(VR)as a digital replica of the physical human-robot interactive welding environment.The DT system bridges a human user and robot through a bi-directional information flow:a)transmitting demonstrated welding operations in VR to the robot in the physical environment;b)displaying the physical welding scenes to human users in VR.Compared to existing DT systems reported in the literatures,the developed one provides better capability in engaging human users in interacting with welding scenes,through an augmented VR.To verify the effectiveness,six welders,skilled with certain manual welding training and unskilled without any training,tested the system by completing the same welding job;three skilled welders produce satisfied welded workpieces,while the other three unskilled do not.A data-driven approach as a combination of fast Fourier transform(FFT),principal component analysis(PCA),and support vector machine(SVM)is developed to analyze their behaviors.Given an operation sequence,i.e.,motion speed sequence of the welding torch,frequency features are firstly extracted by FFT and then reduced in dimension through PCA,which are finally routed into SVM for classification.The trained model demonstrates a 94.44%classification accuracy in the testing dataset.The successful pattern recognition in skilled welder operations should benefit to accelerate novice welder training.

The Influence of Interactive Control on Subsidiary Performance: A Mediating Role of Subsidiary Managers’ Strategic Behavior

Under the principal-agent relationship, there are two major factors that directly affect subsidiary strategy’s implementation and performance—enterprise groups’ internal interactive control and subsidiary managers’ strategic behavior. Prior research showed that the parent companies hope their subsidiary managers to be obedient and active, i.e. to keep a high degree of strategic identity and subsidiary initiative. We build and analyze a model to test the mediating role of strategic identity and subsidiary initiative based on data collected from Chinese groups. The results show that interactive control, strategic identity and subsidiary initiative all could improve subsidiary performance, furthermore, subsidiary initiative is a mediator between decision-making decentralization and subsidiary performance, and also a mediator between horizontal communication and subsidiary performance, the mediating role of strategic identity is not tested, but vertical communication can improve strategic identity. In the conclusions, we provide guidance on how parent companies to choose excellent subsidiary managers, and then how to develop a suite interactive control system.

Host-guest supramolecular interaction behavior at the interface between anode and electrolyte for long life Zn anode

The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and dendrite growth associated with Zn anode have become the main bottlenecks for the further development of zinc ion batteries (ZIBs).In this work,the electrochemical activity of H_(3)O^(+) is inhibited by the supramolecular host–guest complex composed of H_(3)O^(+) as guest and 18-crown-6 as host.The even Zn plating is induced by the host–guest complex electrostatic shielding layer on Zn anode,as detected by in-situ optical microscopy.The lamellar Zn is plated which profits from the improved Zn plating behavior.Density functional theory (DFT) calculation presents the stable structure of complex.The less produced H_(2) content is monitored online by a mass spectrometer during Zn plating/stripping,which indicates HER can be hampered by the host–guest behavior.Thus,the ZIBs with long life and high Coulombic efficiency are achieved via introducing 18-crown-6.The proposed host–guest supramolecular interaction is expected to facilitate the furthermore development of Zn batteries.

Nanoindentation Characterization of Creep-fatigue Interaction on Local Creep Behavior of P92 Steel Welded Joint

In modern fossil and nuclear power plants,the components are subjected to creep,fatigue,and creep-fatigue(CF)due to frequent start-up and shut-down operations at high temperatures.The CF interaction on the in-service P92 steel welded joint was investigated by strain-controlled CF tests with different dwell times of 30,120,300,600 and 900 s at 650℃.Based on the observations of the fracture surface by scanning electron microscope(SEM),the character-istic microstructure of fatigue-induced damage was found for the CF specimens with short dwell times(30 and 120 s).The hardness,elastic modulus and creep deformation near the fracture edges of four typical CF specimens with 30,120,600 and 900 s dwell times were measured by nanoindentation.Compared to specimens with post-weld heat treatment(PWHT),lower hardness and creep strength were found for all CF specimens.In addition,significant reduc-tions in hardness,elastic modulus,and creep strength were measured near the fracture edges for the CF specimens with short dwell times compared to the PWHT specimens.Compared to PWHT specimens(0.007),the increased strain rate sensitivities(SRS)of 0.010 to 0.17 were estimated from secondary creep.The increased values of SRS indicate that the room temperature creeps behavior is strongly affected by the decrease in dislocation density after the CF tests.

Effect of Substrate-Water Interaction on the Wetting Behavior in Water-Oil and Substrate-Water-Oil Systems

The effects of the substrate-water interaction on the wetting behavior in water-oil and surfactant-water-oil systems confined by one substrate which has the preferential interaction to one species of particles have been investigated by using the free energy analysis and discontinuous molecular dynamic simulations. As the preferential interaction between the substrate and water particles varies from small repulsion to large attraction, the partial drying, partial wetting and complete wetting state are observed in sequence. In addition, the wetting behavior of surfactant aqueous solution on the substrate is not only dependent on the interaction, but also limited by the maximum equilibrium concentration of surfactants at the interface.

Transcriptome Profile Based on Protein-Protein Interaction Networks Provides a Set of Core Genes for Understanding the Metabolic Mechanisms of the Egg-Protecting Behavior in Amphioctopus fangsiao

Marine organisms cannot grow and reproduce without proper metabolic regulation.Within a metabolic network,problems with a given link will affect the normal life activities of the organism.Many metabolic mechanisms associated with behaviors of Am-phioctopus fangsiao are still unclear.Moreover,as a factor affecting the normal growth of A.fangsiao,egg protection has rarely been considered in previous behavioral studies.In this research,we analyzed the transcriptome profile of gene expression in A.fangsiao egg-unprotected larvae and egg-protected larvae,and identified 818 differentially expressed genes(DEGs).We used GO and KEGG enrichment analyses to search for metabolism-related DEGs.Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed to examine the interactions between metabolism-related genes.Twenty hub genes with multiple protein-protein interaction relationships or that were involved in multiple KEGG signaling pathways were obtained and verified by quantitative RT-PCR.We first studied the effects of egg protection on the metabolism of A.fangsiao larvae by means of protein-protein interaction networks,and the results provide va-luable gene resources for understanding the metabolism of invertebrate larvae.The data serve as a foundation for further research on the egg-protecting behavior of invertebrates.

“Do Big Hands Guide Small Hands?”or“do Small Hands Guide Big Hands”:The intergenerational interactions in environmental behaviors and family influencing factors

Families'large pollution and energy consumption cannot be underestimated.In order to realize and internalize environmental awareness as a social consensus,it is imperative for every member of a household to be involved in transforming everyday behavior.Intergenerational interactions are of paramount importance.Accordingly,the focus of this study was on parent-adolescent interactions,their reciprocal impact on environmental behaviors,and the factors that have an influence on these processes.Questionnaires were employed to collect information of 684 families in 10 districts of Jinan,the capital of Shandong Province.Subsequently,interviews were conducted with 15 of these families to comprehend the tangible reasons underlying intergenerational interactions in environmental behaviors.First,a paired sample T-test was employed to compare the frequency of these interactions.The data showed that while the T values were positive in all eight compared groups,there were significant differences in seven of them.These results suggest that the impact of intergenerational interactions on environmental behaviors is not symmetrical:parents'instructions are far more frequent than adolescents'back-feeding of ecological notions.The interviews revealed that this phenomenon was generated primarily by unequal experiences between parents and adolescents because the latter do not participate in housework and family projects.Furthermore,the traditional concept of intergenerational order appears to be permanent.Second,two linear regression models,a Parent-to-Adolescent model and an Adolescent-to-Parent model that encompassed several factors including family structure,intergenerational relationships,living environment,and families'social class were developed.Among these factors,the intergenerational relationship variable played a particularly significant role:the more equal and open-minded dialogs are incorporated into parent-adolescent communication,the more favorable interactions may occur for development of their environmental behaviors.Thus,when an environmental education system with families is constructed,it is imperative to promote a parent's ecological awareness with the help of grass-roots organizations by means of reasonable rewards and punishments to redress their former behaviors so as to let Big Hands Guide Small Hands.It is also crucial to enhance a more equal intergenerational relationship through parents'schooling or other relevant services so as to create a favorable atmosphere for Small Hands Guide Big Hands.

Click-Through Rate Prediction Network Based on User Behavior Sequences and Feature Interactions

In recent years,deep learning has been widely applied in the fields of recommendation systems and click-through rate(CTR)prediction,and thus recommendation models incorporating deep learning have emerged.In addition,the design and implementation of recommendation models using information related to user behavior sequences is an important direction of current research in recommendation systems,and models calculate the likelihood of users clicking on target items based on their behavior sequence information.In order to explore the relationship between features,this paper improves and optimizes on the basis of deep interest network(DIN)proposed by Ali’s team.Based on the user behavioral sequences information,the attentional factorization machine(AFM)is integrated to obtain richer and more accurate behavioral sequence information.In addition,this paper designs a new way of calculating attention weights,which uses the relationship between the cosine similarity of any two vectors and the absolute value of their modal length difference to measure their relevance degree.Thus,a novel deep learning CTR prediction mode is proposed,that is,the CTR prediction network based on user behavior sequence and feature interactions deep interest and machines network(DIMN).We conduct extensive comparison experiments on three public datasets and one private music dataset,which are more recognized in the industry,and the results show that the DIMN obtains a better performance compared with the classical CTR prediction model.

Dynamic magnetic behavior of the mixed spin (2, 5/2) Ising system with antiferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic interactions on a bilayer square lattice

Using the mean-field theory and Glauber-type stochastic dynamics, we study the dynamic magnetic properties of the mixed spin （2, 5/2） Ising system for the antiferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic （AFM/AFM） interactions on the bilayer square lattice under a time varying （sinusoidal） magnetic field. The time dependence of average magnetizations and the thermal variation of the dynamic magnetizations are examined to calculate the dynamic phase diagrams. The dynamic phase diagrams are presented in the reduced temperature and magnetic field amplitude plane and the effects of interlayer coupling interaction on the critical behavior of the system are investigated. We also investigate the influence of the frequency and find that the system displays richer dynamic critical behavior for higher values of frequency than that of the lower values of it. We perform a comparison with the ferromagnetic/ferromagnetic （FM/FM） and AFM/FM interactions in order to see the effects of AFM/AFM interaction and observe that the system displays richer and more interesting dynamic critical behaviors for the AFM/AFM interaction than those for the FM/FM and AFM/FM interactions.

Means of Choice for Interactive Management of Dynamic Geometry Problems Based on Instrumented Behaviour

Our paper presents a project that involves two research questions: does the choice of a related problem by the tutorial system allow the problem solving process which is blocked for the student to be restarted? What information about learning do related problems returned by the system provide us? We answer the first question according to the didactic engineering, whose mode of validation is internal and based on the confrontation between an a priori analysis and an a posteriori analysis that relies on data from experiments in schools. We consider the student as a subject whose adaptation processes are conditioned by the problem and the possible interactions with the computer environment, and also by his knowledge, usually implicit, of the institutional norms that condition his relationship with geometry. Choosing a set of good problems within the system is therefore an essential element of the learning model. Since the source of a problem depends on the student’s actions with the computer tool, it is necessary to wait and see what are the related to problems that are returned to him before being able to identify patterns and assess the learning. With the simultaneity of collecting and analysing interactions in each class, we answer the second question according to a grounded theory analysis. By approaching the problems posed by the system and the designs in play at learning blockages, our analysis links the characteristics of problems to the design components in order to theorize on the decisional, epistemological, representational, didactic and instrumental aspects of the subject-milieu system in interaction.

A Study on the Path Mechanism of Para-social Interaction and Place Attachment on Film-Induced Tourists’Behavioral Intention

Under the influence of celebrity effect and para-social interaction,film is increasingly able to induce viewers’willingness to travel.Based on the theory of para-social interaction and the factors of place attachment,this study constructs a model of the influence mechanism of film-induced tourists’behavioral intention and puts relevant hypotheses.Taking the film A Little Red Flower as an example,the empirical test is carried out by using structural equation model(SEM).The results show that:(1)Film-induced tourists’emotional involvement has a significant positive impact on tourism behavioral involvement,but has no direct and significant impact on place dependence and place identity.(2)Film-induced tourists’behavioral involvement has a significant positive impact on place dependence and place identity.(3)Both place dependence and place identity of film-induced tourists have significant positive impact on tourism behavioral intention.Therefore,film tourism destinations should show the unique local conditions and customs according to the preference of fans and audiences,with the help of the popularity of film,so as to improve their tourism behavior intention.

A Simplified Method for Estimating the Initial Stiffness of Monopile-Soil Interaction Under Lateral Loads in Offshore Wind Turbine Systems

The interface mechanical behavior of a monopile is an important component of the overall offshore wind turbine structure design.Understanding the soil-structure interaction,particularly the initial soil-structure stiffness,has a significant impact on the study of natural frequency and dynamic response of the monopile.In this paper,a simplified method for estimating the interface mechanical behavior of monopiles under initial lateral loads is proposed.Depending on the principle of minimum potential energy and virtual work theory,the functions of soil reaction components at the interface of monopiles are derived;MATLAB programming has been used to simplify the functions of the initial stiffness by fitting a large number of examples;then the functions are validated against the field test data and FDM results.This method can modify the modulus of the subgrade reaction in the p-y curve method for the monopile-supported offshore wind turbine system.

Behavior of Delivery Robot in Human-Robot Collaborative Spaces During Navigation

Navigation is an essential skill for robots.It becomes a cumbersome task for the robot in a human-populated environment,and Industry 5.0 is an emerging trend that focuses on the interaction between humans and robots.Robot behavior in a social setting is the key to human acceptance while ensuring human comfort and safety.With the advancement in robotics technology,the true use cases of robots in the tourism and hospitality industry are expanding in number.There are very few experimental studies focusing on how people perceive the navigation behavior of a delivery robot.A robotic platform named“PI”has been designed,which incorporates proximity and vision sensors.The robot utilizes a real-time object recognition algorithm based on the You Only Look Once(YOLO)algorithm to detect objects and humans during navigation.This study is aimed towards evaluating human experience,for which we conducted a study among 36 participants to explore the perceived social presence,role,and perception of a delivery robot exhibiting different behavior conditions while navigating in a hotel corridor.The participants’responses were collected and compared for different behavior conditions demonstrated by the robot and results show that humans prefer an assistant role of a robot enabled with audio and visual aids exhibiting social behavior.Further,this study can be useful for developers to gain insight into the expected behavior of a delivery robot.

同轴送粉激光熔覆的粉末熔化过程建模与仿真

同轴送粉激光熔覆中,粉末与激光的交互作用会直接影响熔覆成形的精度与质量,红外摄像无法直接获得激光内粉末的熔化行为,因此通过分析粉末对热量的吸收情况,使用高速摄像系统采集粉末熔化的动态行为,并建立粉末熔化过程的动态解析模型,通过仿真分析激光功率对不同熔化阶段的影响,及粉末进入熔池时的温度特征.结果表明,高速摄像系统采集粉末在激光中的动态熔化行为中存在“固态→固液两相态→液态”3个典型熔化特征阶段,粉末熔化动态行为可以使用数学解析模型解析,而不同阶段的热物理行为具有粉末与激光热交互作用的动态解析模型,分析了激光功率、离焦量、载粉气流量对粉末熔化行为的影响,同时通过仿真分析不同激光功率对各个特征阶段持续时间的影响,预测粉末颗粒到达基材的温度分布,发现激光功率从100 W增加至1 500 W时,粉末进入熔池的温度呈非线性变化,温度从750℃增加至3 250℃.

面向数字社会的学生社群互动行为分析

命运与共是当今世界的显著标志,人际交往对于社会生产与发展具有重要现实意义。信息技术的发展扩大了学生的成长空间,数字交往成为当代学生主要的人际互动形式,网络社群则成为学生成长的主要空间。然而,这也导致学生直面数字社交带来的交往异化和主体性丢失问题。因此,研究从交往理性的视角构建了数字社会CSS架构,涵盖数字文化(Digital Culture)、主体空间(Individual Space)和社会秩序(Social Order)三个层面,该架构为数字社会成员在新时代的生存发展和社会交往提供了可信机理。基于此架构详细分析了个体面向数字社会所应具备的胜任能力,具体包含数字文化中的工具意识、数字素养和主体效能;主体空间中的自我意识、身份认同和行为约束以及社会秩序中的群体意识、情绪驾驭和社会参与。

基于“福格行为模型”的数字健康产品交互设计应用研究

通过探讨福格行为模型在数字健康产品交互设计中的应用,并进行数字健康产品的设计实践,从而帮助用户养成健康使用手机的习惯。运用福格行为模型构建多层次的数字健康产品交互设计架构进而指导设计实践的进行。首先,对当前数字健康产品现状进行研究,提出了当前数字健康产品交互设计中的不足,然后在此基础上通过福格行为模型的动机、能力、触发三个要素总结出数字健康产品交互设计架构,最后以此指导设计实践并形成设计方案。发现福格行为模型提供了一种行为管理的理论基础,可应用于数字健康产品交互设计中,通过动机、能力、触发三个维度介入用户行为管理可以提升数字健康产品的使用效果,帮助用户平衡人-机之间的关系。

SPOC论坛交互行为模式挖掘与学习成效分析

论坛是正式学习的辅助工具之一,可用来促进各成员之间的学习交流,学习者在论坛中表现与其学习成效强相关,然而在具体教学实践中存在交互缺失、交互参与度不高等现象。以“教育技术学研究方法”混合课堂中的SPOC论坛数据为研究对象,对其交互行为模式进行挖掘,并通过量化研究探究其对学习成效的影响。首先,采用文献分析法对国内外研究现状进行分析与总结。其次,采用社会网络分析法对SPOC论坛中参与交互的学习者进行特征刻画,并结合机器学习方法对学习者的交互模式进行聚类分析,将学习者分为活跃者、追随者和沉默者,并将该三类学习者在论坛中的交互特征与其学习成绩进行量化建模分析。最后,采用语义分析法对学习者的情感进行建模,并将不同类型学习者的情感与其学习成绩进行相关性分析。研究表明,在混合课堂中,不同类型学习者的交互频次与其学习成效间无相关性影响,而SPOC论坛中情绪词语出现的频次与其课程成绩间存在显著相关性,进而提出三条针对性的学习策略,旨在为提升混合式课堂学习质量提供借鉴。

基于主体遗忘行为的产学研协同创新最优网络结构

探究产学研协同创新中的知识扩散最优网络结构对提升创新效率具有重要意义。现有关知识扩散过程中的遗忘机制大多被视为指数衰减,且主要关注企业之间的知识扩散,鲜有学者将主体知识遗忘行为纳入产学研协同创新最优网络结构的研究中。本文在现有知识交互模型上加入了遗忘系数,基于仿真方法,探究了主体遗忘行为对产学研协同创新绩效的影响及不同条件下产学研协同创新绩效提升的最优网络结构。结果表明:主体遗忘行为降低了整体绩效,弱化了个体之间的知识差异;在不同的主体知识遗忘率下,最优知识网络结构是不同的。据此,从平均路径长和集聚度视角提出了优化网络结构提升协同创新绩效的建议。

基于行为特征的智能家居适老化设计方法研究

目的旨在应对全球老龄化趋势,通过深入分析老年人行为数据,构建行为模型和智能家居适老化设计框架,以提高老年人的生活品质和独立性。方法首先,通过系统性的数据分析,收集老年人的日常活动、移动模式和健康状况等数据,构建行为模型;其次,基于行为模型提出创新的智能家居适老化设计框架,注重个性化、智能界面、智能健康监测和紧急救援等关键设计元素;最后,通过行为数据分析,成功建立了老年人的行为模型,为智能家居设计系统提供数据支撑。结论通过分析行为数据,建立了老年人的行为模型,为智能家居系统设计提供了有力的依据,提出的设计框架强调了个性化响应、智能界面、健康监测和紧急救援等方面,为老年用户创造更好的生活环境,对智能家居和老年护理领域具有指导意义。

基于尾灯灯语的混行交通流车辆驾驶意图识别模型研究

针对长期存在自动驾驶车辆(autonomous vehicle,AV)与人工驾驶车辆(human-driven vehicle,HV)混行的交通现状,结合深度学习和HSV颜色特征提取方法,提出了一种在混行交通环境下基于尾灯灯语的车辆驾驶意图识别模型。以Mask R-CNN(mask region proposal convolutional neural network)车辆模型检测出的感兴趣区域RoI(region of interest)为限制,将区域内的HV作为研究对象,根据尾灯位置相关性,在HV车尾区域添加纵横向约束来定位传递灯语信号的左右尾灯;在规定的灯语组合及转向灯闪烁频率基础上,提出了一种基于时间序列的灯语识别算法,运用多目标判别相关性滤波CSRT(channel and spatial relatability tracking)跟踪HV尾灯并统计尾灯时序状态;以动态灯语作为输入,构建基于尾灯灯语的驾驶意图识别模型;使用基于真实路况信息的Cityspaces数据集和交通流视频数据对模型进行训练、验证和测试。研究结果表明:基于尾灯灯语的驾驶意图识别模型对视频流车辆尾灯检测准确率和召回率分别为96.0%、98.2%,对驾驶意图识别的平均准确率达到了95.9%,单帧识别耗时为20 ms,为高速混行环境下的AV决策规划提供了有效的理论依据。