Beam Position and Beam Hopping Design for LEO Satellite Communications

The numbers of beam positions(BPs)and time slots for beam hopping(BH)dominate the latency of LEO satellite communications.Aiming at minimizing the number of BPs subject to a predefined requirement on the radius of BP,a low-complexity user density-based BP design scheme is proposed,where the original problem is decomposed into two subproblems,with the first one to find the sparsest user and the second one to determine the corresponding best BP.In particular,for the second subproblem,a user selection and smallest BP radius algorithm is proposed,where the nearby users are sequentially selected until the constraint of the given BP radius is no longer satisfied.These two subproblems are iteratively solved until all the users are selected.To further reduce the BP radius,a duplicated user removal algorithm is proposed to decrease the number of the users covered by two or more BPs.Aiming at minimizing the number of time slots subject to the no co-channel interference(CCI)constraint and the traffic demand constraint,a low-complexity CCI-free BH design scheme is proposed,where the BPs having difficulty in satisfying the constraints are considered to be illuminated in priory.Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.

Mobile Jammer-Aided Secure UAV Communications via Trajectory Design and Power Control

To further promote the achievable average secrecy rate for UAV-ground communications, a UAV-aided mobile jamming strategy was proposed in this paper. Specifically, an additional cooperative UAV is employed as a mobile jammer to transmit the jamming signal to help keep the source UAV closer to the ground destination, thus establishing more favorable legitimate link and enhancing the secrecy performance. We aimed to maximize the achievable secrecy rate by jointly optimizing the trajectories and transmit power of both source UAV and jammer UAV. To solve the considered non-convex optimization problem, we presented a block coordinate descent based iterative algorithm to address a sequence of approximated convex problems for the optimized parameter block by block to find a local optimal solution. Numerical results verify that the proposed algorithm can achieve significant secrecy rate gain compared to all the benchmark schemes.

Design of integrated radar and communication system based on MIMO-OFDM waveform

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform enables radar and communication functions simultaneously, which encounters low angle resolution and poor data rate for traditional single input single output (SISO) systems. To solve these problems, an integrated radar and communication system (IRCS) with multiple input multiple output (MIMO) OFDM waveform is proposed. The different limitations of radar and communication in designing such a system are investigated. Then, an optimization problem is devised to obtain suitable system parameters, including the number of subcarriers, subcarrier spacing, number of symbols, pulse repetition frequency (PRF) and length of cyclic prefix (CP). Finally, to satisfy the requirements of both radar and communication, the IRCS parameters are derived in three typical cases. Several numerical results are presented to illustrate the demands of radar and communication, inconsistent or consistent, for the IRCS parameters and the superiority of the proposed system.

Energy-Efficient UAV Trajectory Design for Backscatter Communication: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach

Recently,backscatter communication(BC)has been introduced as a green paradigm for Internet of Things(IoT).Meanwhile,unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)can serve as aerial base stations(BSs)to enhance the performance of BC system thanks to their high mobility and flexibility.In this paper,we investigate the problem of energy efficiency(EE)for an energy-limited backscatter communication(BC)network,where backscatter devices(BDs)on the ground harvest energy from the wireless signal of a flying rotary-wing quadrotor.Specifically,we first reformulate the EE optimization problem as a Markov decision process(MDP)and then propose a deep reinforcement learning(DRL)algorithm to design the UAV trajectory with the constraints of the BD scheduling,the power reflection coefficients,the transmission power,and the fairness among BDs.Simulation results show the proposed DRL algorithm achieves close-to-optimal performance and significant EE gains compared to the benchmark schemes.

Robust Trajectory and Communication Design for Angle-Constrained Multi-UAV Communications in the Presence of Jammers

This paper studies a multi-unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)enabled wireless communication system,where multiple UAVs are employed to communicate with a group of ground terminals(GTs)in the presence of potential jammers.We aim to maximize the throughput overall GTs by jointly optimizing the UAVs’trajectory,the GTs’scheduling and power allocation.Unlike most prior studies,we consider the UAVs’turning and climbing angle constraints,the UAVs’three-dimensional(3D)trajectory constraints,minimum UAV-to-UAV(U2U)distance constraint,and the GTs’transmit power requirements.However,the formulated problem is a mixed-integer non-convex problem and is intractable to work it out with conventional optimization methods.To tackle this difficulty,we propose an efficient robust iterative algorithm to decompose the original problem be three sub-problems and acquire the suboptimal solution via utilizing the block coordinate descent(BCD)method,successive convex approximation(SCA)technique,and S-procedure.Extensive simulation results show that our proposed robust iterative algorithm offers a substantial gain in the system performance compared with the benchmark algorithms.

Precoder Design and Impulsive Noise Mitigation Scheme for Industrial Wireless Communications

In industrial wireless scenarios,the impulsive noise(IN)incurred by machine running or operation causes a serious influence on the powerlimited industrial wireless communications.It is challenging to ensure efficient and reliable transmission with quality of service(QoS)guarantee for machinetype communication devices(MTCDs).Considering the IN in the industrial process,this paper establishes the multiuser multiple-input single-output(MU-MISO)orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)system model,which combines transmitter and receiver design.Two precoding schemes are designed to improve communication effectiveness at the transmitter.More specifically,the precoder design scheme which combines semi-definite relaxation(SDR)with difference-of-two-convex-function(D.C.)iterative algorithm,is developed by utilizing the Dinkelbach method to improve the system effectiveness.To decrease the computational complexity,we devise the quadratic-based fractional programming(QFP)algorithm,which decouples the variables by using a quadratic transform method.On this basis,the IN mitigation scheme is studied to reduce the system error rate(SER)at the receiver.With the goal of improving the reliability of industrial wireless communications,we propose a hybrid nonlinear IN mitigation(HNINM)scheme and then derive its closed-form expression of SER.The simulation results show that the proposed QFP algorithm achieves superior performance while the HNINM scheme decreases the SER of industrial wireless communications.

A New Codebook Design Scheme for Fast Beam Searching in Millimeter-Wave Communications

To overcome imperfection of exhaustive based beam searching scheme in IEEE 802.15.3c and IEEE 802.11 ad and accelerate the beam training process, combined with the fast beam searching algorithm previously proposed, this paper proposed a beam codebook design scheme for phased array to not only satisfy the fast beam searching algorithm's demand, but also make good use of the advantage of the searching algorithm. The simulation results prove that the proposed scheme not only performs well on flexibility and searching time complexity, but also has high success ratio.

The Integration and Communication of Regional Culture in Canal Landscape Planning and Design:A Case Study of the Grand Canal in the Gaomin Temple Section of Yangzhou

The Grand Canal is the cultural source of Yangzhou's historical development. The heritage and development of the canal culture are conducive to enhancing the image of Yangzhou, building cultural brands, and enhancing core competitiveness. Taking the canal in the Gaomin Temple section of Yangzhou for example, this study was based on the regional canal culture and the humanistic characteristics of Gaomin Temple, and explored the unique cultural communication mode of the important landscape node of the canal. Through the analysis of the status and development of the landscape of the section, this study concluded corresponding cultural orientation content and direction, and analyzed the integration and communication ideas of regional culture in landscape planning and design, in order to provide a reference for the promotion of cultural brands in the canal city of Yangzhou.

A Communicative Approach to Spoken English Course Design

Speaking competence is one of the basic skills of language acquisition.The teaching of speaking skill has been attached great importance to in College English education in China.For decades,people have made efforts to improve the classroom teaching effects through various means,one of which is that of communicative approach.This paper attempts to explore the design of a spoken English lesson through a case study in the light of communicative theory,thus providing an alternative to the conventional spoken English course teaching method.

Joint Design of ISAC Waveform Under PAPR Constraints

In this paper,we formulate the precoding problem of integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)waveform as a non-convex quadratically constrained quadratic programming(QCQP),in which the weighted sum of communication multi-user interference(MUI)and the gap between dual-use waveform and ideal radar waveform is minimized with peak-toaverage power ratio(PAPR)constraints.We propose an efficient algorithm based on alternating direction method of multipliers(ADMM),which is able to decouple multiple variables and provide a closed-form solution for each subproblem.In addition,to improve the sensing performance in both spatial and temporal domains,we propose a new criteria to design the ideal radar waveform,in which the beam pattern is made similar to the ideal one and the integrated sidelobe level of the ambiguity function in each target direction is minimized in the region of interest.The limited memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno(LBFGS)algorithm is applied to the design of the ideal radar waveform which works as a reference in the design of the dual-function waveform.Numerical results indicate that the designed dual-function waveform is capable of offering good communication quality of service(QoS)and sensing performance.

Dynamic Event-Triggered Consensus Control for Input Constrained Multi-Agent Systems With a Designable Minimum Inter-Event Time

This paper investigates the consensus control of multi-agent systems(MASs) with constrained input using the dynamic event-triggered mechanism(ETM).Consider the MASs with small-scale networks where a centralized dynamic ETM with global information of the MASs is first designed.Then,a distributed dynamic ETM which only uses local information is developed for the MASs with large-scale networks.It is shown that the semi-global consensus of the MASs can be achieved by the designed bounded control protocol where the Zeno phenomenon is eliminated by a designable minimum inter-event time.In addition,it is easier to find a trade-off between the convergence rate and the minimum inter-event time by an adjustable parameter.Furthermore,the results are extended to regional consensus of the MASs with the bounded control protocol.Numerical simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

From“Car Priority”to“People Priority”: Exploring New Ideas for Refined Road Space Design

Roads are crucial public spaces in cities and serve as a window to showcase the city’s characteristics.They serve not only as a means of urban transportation but also as a crucial spatial carrier for urban communication activities and a significant location for meeting the increasing demands of people for a better quality of life.The current road infrastructure prioritizes the right of way for cars,neglecting the design of sidewalks and green belts within the road’s boundaries,and extension spaces between buildings and boundary lines of roads.There is a pressing need to improve street space in response to the demand for development transformation and the creation of a warmer city.This paper summarizes common problems in current road spaces,draws on the experience of excellent urban road spaces in foreign countries,discusses new ideas for the refined design of road spaces based on the transformation of road planning concepts,and suggests a reference standard for guiding detailed design.Simultaneously,the review of road construction will incorporate the detailed design of road space to enhance the role of planning in guiding and controlling the construction of road works.

Visual Communication Design of Digital Media in Digital Advertising

With the continuous development of modem science and technology,great changes have taken place in the advertising media industry where the traditional form of advertising has gradually changed into digital ones.Compared with the traditional advertising,digital advertising has more flexibility and has a variety of forms in its advertising creation according to product itself.In addition,visual communication design plays a critical role where it is an important way to improve digital advertising.Therefore,it is necessary to optimize visual communication design in order to improve the quality of digital advertising.In this way,this article carries out an in-depth research and analysis on the visual communication design of digital media in digital advertising and put forward some reasonable suggestions and measures,aiming to further promote the development of China's advertising media industry.

Trajectory Design for UAV-Enabled Maritime Secure Communications:A Reinforcement Learning Approach

This paper investigates an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)-enabled maritime secure communication network,where the UAV aims to provide the communication service to a legitimate mobile vessel in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers.In this maritime communication networks(MCNs),it is challenging for the UAV to determine its trajectory on the ocean,since it cannot land or replenish energy on the sea surface,the trajectory should be pre-designed before the UAV takes off.Furthermore,the take-off location of the UAV and the sea lane of the vessel may be random,which leads to a highly dynamic environment.To address these issues,we propose two reinforcement learning schemes,Q-learning and deep deterministic policy gradient(DDPG)algorithms,to solve the discrete and continuous UAV trajectory design problem,respectively.Simulation results are provided to validate the effectiveness and superior performance of the proposed reinforcement learning schemes versus the existing schemes in the literature.Additionally,the proposed DDPG algorithm converges faster and achieves higher utilities for the UAV,compared to the Q-learning algorithm.

Visual Communication Design of Intangible Cultural Heritage Based on Internet+

Wuchuan Piaose Art is a traditional folk cultural activity of the Han nationality in Wuchuan City,Guangdong Province.It is a comprehensive plastic art integrating drama,music,art,magic,acrobatics,and mechanics.Exploring and recording the intangible cultural heritage of Wuchuan in an Internet+and computer-aided way is of great significance to the practice and historical research of Wuchuan.It provides a folklore material for the artistic creation of figure paintings,which is of pioneering significance.

On the Teaching of Decorative Painting for the Major of Visual Communication Design

On the basis of analyzing chafactetistics of decorative painting, this paper analyzed problems in the teaching of decorative painting in the major of visual communication design, and proposed correspon.corresponding strategies of adjusting teaching contents, changing the mode of teaching, and updating the teaching thought Moreover; all teachers are expected to adapt to the development of the times, enhance the cultivation of thdr own qualities besides the professions and also the trainkig of relevant design skills, imptove the teaching quality,atfange the teaching contents and divisions pfopedy as well as homewotk flexibly, and cultivate students5 abilities of applying decorative paintings into the visual communication design, so as to improve their cultural quality and aesthetic capacity.

A Holistic Course Design for Intercultural Business Communication Based on CLT A Case Study of a Training Program for Chinese Business Professionals

BE （Business English） has been unprecedentedly emphasized and gradually developed into an independent discipline. The paper aims to explore a holistic course design for business professionals in IBC （Intercultural Business Communication） based on CLT （Communicative Language Teaching）. The proposed course design encompasses three-dimensional contents： comprehensive language and expertise training, intercultural communicative competence cultivation, and intercultural PBL （project-based learning）. A survey is conducted in a training program of Chinese business professionals in international institutions. Three principles are identified： （1） BE teaching is need-oriented, so the pedagogical methods should be tailored to meet the international workplace requirements; （2） The linguistic and professional knowledge acquisition is achieved through communicative function of the target language; and （3） Learners＇ participation in intercultural PBL can stimulate learners＇ interest and enhance their operational capabilities. The findings of the case study indicate that a holistic course design is： （1） Course syllabus should not be formed without taking the leamers＇ expectation and feedback into consideration; （2） Teaching strategies should be innovated to enhance learners＇ communicative confidence and competence; and （3） Teaching materials should be adapted and subjected to modification according to the authentic language used in intercultural settings. The study outcomes may also shed light on other disciplines of ESP teaching.

The Comprehensive and Integrating Design of Subway Visual Communication and Urban Culture

The subway has become an dominant form for public transportation in all the great metropolis. It not only saves energy and time ,but also relieves stress caused by the dense commuting. As a high-effi cient travel mode in modern city, the metro can not only relieve the ground traffi c pressure, but also represents the culture and value of the city, which is the essence of our life. Metro visual communication design of developed countries in the world is almost closely related to the origin of urban culture, then the metro culture with local specialties has been formed. Therefore, comparative research on the situation of metro visual communication design both can induce the integration and regeneration of urban metro visual communication design and urban culture of China, as well as the formation and development of the metro culture.

Design of the small microstrip antenna based on the WLAN/UWB wireless communication system

The antenna,as the component of receiving and sending signals in the front end of the wireless communication system,plays an important role in the communication quality,and is often the main obstacle to the development of the miniaturization of the wireless communication system.The microstrip antenna is composed of a metal radiation patch which can be pasted on the dielectric substrate.The choice of the shape of the metal patch can be arbitrary.The conventional shape is usually chosen as the metal patch to simplify the analysis and prediction of its performance.The dielectric constant of the microstrip antenna substrate is relatively low in order to enhance the field intensity of the edge radiation field.However,the dielectric constant of the substrate needs to be greater than 5 in order to meet the needs of other performance of the microstrip antenna,so that the radiation edge effect cannot be enhanced,resulting in the greater contradictions.

Based on the visual communication design under the influence of the digital media research

The visual communication design is mainly ~om the perspective of people, heard with the help of media technology to convey the information to the design form of object. Visual communication design on people＇s behavior and lifestyle has obvious effect, due to the widespread attention of people. The development of modem social economy and science and technology has changed the way of information extraction, requires designers must be under the influence of digital media technology with more diverse forms of design of visual communication design research. In this paper, on the basis of the brief analysis of the visual communication characteristics and under the influence of digital media design language features, and studies the influence of digital media under the trend of the development of visual communication design several opinions are put forward.