Favelas and other types of informal settlements are important urban issues in several regions around the world,especially in developing countries.They are the housing solution found by populations with no access to fo...Favelas and other types of informal settlements are important urban issues in several regions around the world,especially in developing countries.They are the housing solution found by populations with no access to formal real estate market,who still suffer with the precariousness of both buildings and urban infrastructure.This paper presents a brief overview on governmental policies for favelas in the city of Rio de Janeiro along the 20th century,until the present moment,to observe hits and misses and present a morphological study about Rocinha,the biggest favela in Brazil.This work is based on the principles of Shape Grammar and demonstrates patterns of composition,organized in sets of rules that allow producing new designs.The intention is to create a proposal for an objective reading of typical favela spaces,to determine standards and rules that may contribute to architectural and urban designs that are more adequate to the populations they are designed for.展开更多
Intelligent technology will change the measures,concepts,and methods of teaching research which should be not merely precision but intelligent.Intelligent precision teaching research will become the new method and for...Intelligent technology will change the measures,concepts,and methods of teaching research which should be not merely precision but intelligent.Intelligent precision teaching research will become the new method and form of the development of teaching research in the era of intelligence.The paper brings forth the theoretical framework of intelligent precision teaching research,including its definition,characteristics,technological environment,and approaches,and designs the practice blueprint of“one center,two paths,three principles,four objectives,and five tasks.”It introduces the initial effects of the practice of intelligent precision teaching research and looks forward to the future prospects of this practice.展开更多
It is a not uncommon phenomenon that Chinese students complain that they learn little from native-speaking teachers’classes.The reason for such responses probably comes from‘a large disparity ofexpectations between ...It is a not uncommon phenomenon that Chinese students complain that they learn little from native-speaking teachers’classes.The reason for such responses probably comes from‘a large disparity ofexpectations between teachers and students in terms of teaching style.’(Brumfit:1986:97)According to principles of educational psychology,‘the style of the teacher plays an important partupon learner’s performance.In research by Joyce and Hudson,there were some indications thatteachers and students having similar styles formed the most successful combinations’in terms ofexamination results.(Child 1981:229)By style we mean the way of teaching or learning.No doubt,if we want to make effective use of assistance of native-speaking teachers,we need to know specificallythese two aspects:展开更多
文摘Favelas and other types of informal settlements are important urban issues in several regions around the world,especially in developing countries.They are the housing solution found by populations with no access to formal real estate market,who still suffer with the precariousness of both buildings and urban infrastructure.This paper presents a brief overview on governmental policies for favelas in the city of Rio de Janeiro along the 20th century,until the present moment,to observe hits and misses and present a morphological study about Rocinha,the biggest favela in Brazil.This work is based on the principles of Shape Grammar and demonstrates patterns of composition,organized in sets of rules that allow producing new designs.The intention is to create a proposal for an objective reading of typical favela spaces,to determine standards and rules that may contribute to architectural and urban designs that are more adequate to the populations they are designed for.
文摘Intelligent technology will change the measures,concepts,and methods of teaching research which should be not merely precision but intelligent.Intelligent precision teaching research will become the new method and form of the development of teaching research in the era of intelligence.The paper brings forth the theoretical framework of intelligent precision teaching research,including its definition,characteristics,technological environment,and approaches,and designs the practice blueprint of“one center,two paths,three principles,four objectives,and five tasks.”It introduces the initial effects of the practice of intelligent precision teaching research and looks forward to the future prospects of this practice.
文摘It is a not uncommon phenomenon that Chinese students complain that they learn little from native-speaking teachers’classes.The reason for such responses probably comes from‘a large disparity ofexpectations between teachers and students in terms of teaching style.’(Brumfit:1986:97)According to principles of educational psychology,‘the style of the teacher plays an important partupon learner’s performance.In research by Joyce and Hudson,there were some indications thatteachers and students having similar styles formed the most successful combinations’in terms ofexamination results.(Child 1981:229)By style we mean the way of teaching or learning.No doubt,if we want to make effective use of assistance of native-speaking teachers,we need to know specificallythese two aspects:
