Preferences of the Thoracic-Surgery Academic Teaching Staff on Thoracotomy Opening/Closure and Post-Thoracotomy Pain Management

Background: A survey was conducted on preferences for thoracotomy opening and closure as well as post-thoracotomy pain management among academic teaching staff of thoracic surgeons in Turkey. It was aimed to assess the attitudes of the thoracic surgery training-center academicians on aforesaid topic. Methods: A 7-question questionnaire was performed by face-to-face interview or online by e-mail to the academic professionals working at resident-training centers. Eighty-eight randomly selected academicians were invited to complete the questionnaire, and 48 of them answered. Based on the complete and valid responses, the methods for opening and closure of thorax, the number of chest drains placed, the method of analgesia in per-or postoperative period and the analgesic agents used commonly were assessed. Results: Thirty-three (68.8%) of 48 were working at university hospitals and 24 (50.0%) were in age group of 40 - 49 years. Muscle-sparing (41.7%) and standard posterolateral thoracotomies (41.7%) were the most preferred incision. The most used method for closing thorax was pericostal sutures. Per-or postoperative analgesia was stated to be performed by all of the participants, while 45 (93.75%) of them reported that they preferred to administrate more than one procedure. Intercostal/paravertebral nerve block (26.4%), epidural analgesia (24.5%), systemic parenteral non-steroid drugs (24.5%) and systemic parenteral opioid (20.9%) were the most commonly used methods. Conclusion: Preventing intercostal nerve injury decreaseed post-thoracotomy pain, as well as the necessity of post-operative analgesic use. Conversely, most of the academic staff did not prefer the methods for preserving intercostal nerve. More than one analgesia procedure were said to be used by majority of the participants.

The Transformation of Art Education in Anticipation of the Future School

This paper discusses the transformation of art education in anticipation of the future school,and emphasizes the key role of art education in cultivating students’creativity,aesthetic ability,thinking ability,and meeting social needs.The shortcomings and delays in the traditional art education mode have become evident,prompting the need to explore innovative educational methods.Digital art education is emerging as a means to offer a more immersive art experience through virtual and augmented reality technologies while broadening students’cultural horizons.Interdisciplinary integration combines art with science,engineering,mathematics,and other disciplines to cultivate students’comprehensive literacy and innovative thinking.The innovative spirit and the application of educational technology help students overcome difficulties and continuously improve their work.The article also emphasizes the alignment between art education and social needs,the importance of social support and resources,and the training and development of teachers.

Exploration of New Engineering Upgrading Path from Perspective of Professional Certification--A Case Study of Telecommunication Major of Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences

From the perspective of professional accreditation,starting with the mode of education based on outcomes based education(OBE),this paper puts forward the idea of insisting on the principal role of university collaboration,and taking the road of building new specialties of electronic information science and technology through collaborative innovation such as school administration,school-enterprise,production and teaching.This paper combines"new subject construction-result orientation-professional certification"into a whole,and probes into the orientation of talent training objectives,the construction of curriculum system,the construction of teaching staff,and the cooperation of educational models.A basic path for upgrading of new electronic engineering majors is explored.