分组密码算法uBlock积分攻击的改进

积分攻击是由Daemen等人(doi:10.1007/BFb0052343)于1997年提出的一种密码分析方法,是继差分分析和线性分析之后最有效的密码分析方法之一。作为2018年全国密码算法设计竞赛分组算法的获胜算法,uB-lock抵抗积分攻击的能力受到较多的关注。为了重新评估uBlock家族密码算法抵抗积分攻击的安全性,该文利用单项式传播技术,结合混合整数线性规划(MILP)工具搜索积分区分器,并利用部分和技术进行密钥恢复攻击。对于uBlock-128/128和uBlock-128/256,基于搜索到的9轮积分区分器分别进行了首个11轮和12轮攻击,数据复杂度为2~(127)选择明文,时间复杂度分别为2~(127.06)和2~(224)次加密,存储复杂度分别为2~(44.58)和2~(138)字节;对于uBlock-256/256,基于搜索到的10轮积分区分器进行了首个12轮攻击,数据复杂度为2~(253)选择明文,时间复杂度为2~(253.06)次加密,存储复杂度为2~(44.46)字节。与之前uBlock的最优积分攻击结果相比,uBlock-128/128和uBlock-256/256的攻击轮数分别提高2轮,uBlock-128/256的攻击轮数提高3轮。本文的攻击说明,uBlock针对积分攻击依然有足够的安全冗余。

Twin-Block双期矫治与单纯直丝弓矫正技术在早期下颌后缩矫正患儿中的疗效对比

目的探讨Twin-Block双期矫治与单纯直丝弓矫正技术在替牙及恒牙早期错(牙合)畸形矫正患儿中的疗效对比。方法选取我院2020年9月到2023年9月收治的60例恒牙早期错(牙合)畸形患儿作为研究对象,按照治疗方法不同分为观察组与对照组,各组均为30例。所有患儿均采取矫正治疗,对照组患儿采取直丝弓矫正技术进行治疗,观察组患儿采取Twin-Block矫治器及直丝弓矫治技术进行双期治疗。对比两组患儿临床疗效,及矫治时间,治疗前头影测量及关节改建情况,采用口腔锥形束扫描成像进行检测两组患儿关节窝宽径、关节前间隙、关节后间隙、关节上间隙、髁突前后径、髁突高度相关参数表达水平,最后对比两组患儿治疗前后上下齿槽座(ANB)角、下齿槽座(SNB)角、上齿槽座(SNA)角、下颌平面角(Mp-SN)、下颌综合长度(Ar-Po)、下颌升支高度(Ar-Go)、下颌体长(Go-Gn)、上中切牙-SN平面角(U1-SN)、下中切牙-下颌平面角(L1-Mp)、上唇审美平面距(Ls-E)、下唇审美平面距(Li-E)、鼻唇角。结果观察组治疗总有效率96.67%明显高于对照组76.67%(P<0.05);治疗后,观察组矫治时间长于对照组(P<0.05);治疗前,两组患儿关节窝宽径、关节前间隙、关节后间隙、关节上间隙、髁突前后径、髁突高度对比无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后,两组患儿关节窝宽径对比无明显差异,关节前间隙减小,观察组(1.21±0.28)mm高于对照组,关节后间隙、关节上间隙、髁突前后径、髁突高度均增加,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗前,两组患儿ANB角、SNB角、SNA角、Mp-SN、Ar-Po、Ar-Go、Go-Gn、U1-SN、L1-Mp、Ls-E、Li-E、鼻唇角对比无明显差异(P>0.05),治疗后,两组患儿SNB、Mp-SN、Ar-Po、Ar-Go、Go-Gn、鼻唇角均增大,ANB、U1-SN、L1-Mp、Li-E、Ls-E减小,且观察组变化大于对照组(P<0.05)。结论Twin-Block矫治器配合直丝弓矫治技术双期矫治器与单纯直丝弓矫正技术相比治疗替牙及恒牙早期错(牙合)畸形疗效显著,可作为儿童恒牙早期错(牙合)畸形的首选治疗方案。

基于Group-Res2Block的智能合成语音说话人确认方法

针对现有说话人确认任务基于自然语音条件下并不适用于智能合成语音的问题,提出一种基于Group-Res2Block的智能合成语音说话人确认方法。首先,设计了Group-Res2Block结构,在Res2Block的基础上将当前分组与相邻前后分组进行合并形成新的分组,以增强说话人局部特征的上下文联系;其次,设计了并行结构的多尺度通道注意力特征融合机制,利用不同大小卷积核实现同一层级的特征在通道维度的特征选择,以获取更具表现力的说话人特征,避免信息冗余;最后,设计了串行结构的多尺度层注意力特征融合机制,构建层结构,将深浅层特征整体进行融合并赋予不同权重,以获取最优的特征表达。为验证所提出特征提取网络的有效性,构建了中英文两种智能合成语音数据集进行消融实验和对比实验。结果表明本文方法在该任务的评价指标精确度(accuracy,ACC)、等错误率(equal error rate,EER)和最小检测代价函数(minimum detection cost function,minDCF)上是最优的。此外,通过对模型泛化性能进行测试,验证了本文方法对未知智能语音算法的适用性。

Greatly enhanced corrosion/wear resistances of epoxy coating for Mg alloy through a synergistic effect between functionalized graphene and insulated blocking layer

The poor corrosion and wear resistances of Mg alloys seriously limit their potential applications in various industries.The conventional epoxy coating easily forms many intrinsic defects during the solidification process,which cannot provide sufficient protection.In the current study,we design a double-layer epoxy composite coating on Mg alloy with enhanced anti-corrosion/wear properties,via the spin-assisted assembly technique.The outer layer is functionalized graphene(FG)in waterborne epoxy resin(WEP)and the inner layer is Ce-based conversion(Ce)film.The FG sheets can be homogeneously dispersed within the epoxy matrix to fill the intrinsic defects and improve the barrier capability.The Ce film connects the outer layer with the substrate,showing the transition effect.The corrosion rate of Ce/WEP/FG composite coating is 2131 times lower than that of bare Mg alloy,and the wear rate is decreased by~90%.The improved corrosion resistance is attributed to the labyrinth effect(hindering the penetration of corrosive medium)and the obstruction of galvanic coupling behavior.The synergistic effect derived from the FG sheet and blocking layer exhibits great potential in realizing the improvement of multi-functional integration,which will open up a new avenue for the development of novel composite protection coatings of Mg alloys.

Novel approach of ultrasound-guided lateral recess block for a patient with lateral recess stenosis: A case report

BACKGROUND Ultrasound guide technology,which can provide real-time visualization of the needle tip and tissues and avoid many adverse events,is widely used in mini-mally invasive therapy.However,the studies on ultrasound-guided Lateral recess block(LRB)are limited,this is probably because there is no recognized standard method for ultrasound scanning.This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ultrasound-guided LRB in patients with lateral recess stenosis(LRS).CASE SUMMARY A 65-year-old patient complained of low back pain accompanied occasionally by pain and numbness in the left lower limb.Physical examination showed ten-derness on the spinous process and paraspinal muscles from L1 to S1,extensor hallucis longus and tibialis anterior weakness(muscle strength:4-),and a positive straight leg raising test in the left lower limb(60°).Magnetic resonance imaging showed L4–L5 disc degeneration with left LRS and nerve root entrapment.Subsequently,the patient was diagnosed with LRS.This patient was treated with a novel ultrasound-guided LRB approach.The patient’s symptoms significantly improved without any complications at 1 wk postoperatively and at the 3-month follow-up.CONCLUSION This is the first report on the LRS treatment with ultrasound-guided LRB from the contralateral spinous process along the inner side of the articular process by out-plane technique.Further studies are expected to investigate the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided LRB for patients with LRS.

Assessment of tear film parameters post-treatment with commercial eyelid cleaning wipes:a pilot study

AIM:To investigate the short-term effects of commercially available eyelid-cleaning wipes on film parameters.METHODS:This study enrolled 48 healthy participants aged 20-35y(both males and females).Clinical assessment included the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)questionnaire,non-invasive tear break-up time(NITBUT),tear meniscus height(TMH),and lipid layer pattern(LLP).Based on these initial results,participants were categorized as either non-dry eye or dry eye.Participants in each group were randomly allocated to either Blephaclean■or Systane■treatments.Changes in NITBUT,TMH,and LLP levels before and after lid wipe treatment were assessed.RESULTS:The dry eye group exhibited significantly higher OSDI scores and lower NITBUT and TMH levels than in the non-dry eye group(P<0.001).Following the application of eyelid wipes(Systane■wipes),dry eye subjects experienced a significant improvement in NITBUT levels(P=0.0014)compared to the non-dry eye individuals.Although the remaining participants showed a marginal increase in TMH and NITBUT levels,these changes did not achieve statistical significance(P>0.05).Similarly,the LLP levels were significantly improved with Systane■(P<0.001)post-treatment compared to individuals in the non-dry eye group.However,the dry eye subjects showed higher posttreatment LLP levels than the untreated group(P<0.02).CONCLUSION:The short-term effects of Systane®eyelid wipes on tear film parameters suggest their effectiveness in dry eye disease.Nonetheless,further exploration of their long-term impact is essential to justify their cost effectiveness and efficacy in treating both aqueous deficiency and evaporative dryness.

Suppression of the m/n=2/1 tearing mode by electron cyclotron resonance heating on J-TEXT

Stabilization of tearing modes and neoclassical tearing modes is of great importance for tokamak operation.Electron cyclotron waves(ECWs)have been extensively used to stabilize the tearing modes with the virtue of highly localized power deposition.Complete suppression of the m/n=2/1 tearing mode(TM)by electron cyclotron resonance heating(ECRH)has been achieved successfully on the J-TEXT tokamak.The effects of ECW deposition location and power amplitude on the 2/1 TM suppression have been investigated.It is found that the suppression is more effective when the ECW power is deposited closer to the rational surface.As the ECW power increases to approximately 230 k W,the 2/1 TM can be completely suppressed.The island rotation frequency is increased when the island width is reduced.The experimental results show that the local heating inside the magnetic island and the resulting temperature perturbation increase at the O-point of the island play dominant roles in TM suppression.As the ECW power increases,the 2/1 island is suppressed to smaller island width,and the flow shear also plays a stabilizing effect on small magnetic islands.With the stabilizing contribution of heating and flow shear,the 2/1 TM can be completely suppressed.

Effects of diamagnetic drift on nonlinear interaction between multi-helicity neoclassical tearing modes

A numerical study of the diamagnetic drift effect on the nonlinear interaction between multi-helicity neoclassical tearing modes(NTMs) is carried out using a set of four-field equations including two-fluid effects.The results show that,in contrast to the single-fluid case,5/3 NTM cannot be completely suppressed by 3/2 NTM with diamagnetic drift flow.Both modes exhibit oscillation and coexist in the saturated phase.To better understand the effect of the diamagnetic drift flow on multiple-helicity NTMs,the influence of typical relevant parameters is investigated.It is found that the average saturated magnetic island width increases with increasing bootstrap current fraction f_(b) but decreases with the ion skin depth δ.In addition,as the ratio of parallel to perpendicular transport coefficients χ_(‖)/χ_(⊥) increases,the average saturated magnetic island widths of the 3/2 and 5/3 NTMs increase.The underlying mechanisms behind these observations are discussed in detail.

Microstructure and Hot Tearing Sensitivity Simulation and Parameters Optimization for the Centrifugal Casting of Al-Cu Alloy

Four typical theories on the formation of thermal tears:strength,liquid film,intergranular bridging,and solidifica-tion shrinkage compensation theories.From these theories,a number of criteria have been derived for predicting the formation of thermal cracks,such as the stress-based Niyama,Clyne,and RDG(Rapaz-Dreiser-Grimaud)criteria.In this paper,a mathematical model of horizontal centrifugal casting was established,and numerical simulation analysis was conducted for the centrifugal casting process of cylindrical Al-Cu alloy castings to investigate the effect of the centrifugal casting process conditions on the microstructure and hot tearing sensitivity of alloy castings by using the modified RDG hot tearing criterion.Results show that increasing the centrifugal rotation and pouring speeds can refine the microstructure of the alloy but increasing the pouring and mold preheating temperatures can lead to an increase in grain size.The grain size gradually transitions from fine grain on the outer layer to coarse grain on the inner layer.Meanwhile,combined with the modified RDG hot tearing criterion,the overall distribution of the castings’hot tearing sensitivity was analyzed.The analysis results indicate that the porosity in the middle region of the casting was large,and hot tearing defects were prone to occur.The hot tearing tendency on the inner side of the casting was greater than that on the outer side.The effects of centrifugal rotation speed,pouring temperature,and preheating temperature on the thermal sensitivity of Al-Cu alloy castings are summarized in this paper.This study revealed that the tendency of alloy hot cracking decreases with the increase of the centrifugal speed,and the maximum porosity of castings decreases first and then increases with the pouring temperature.As the preheating temperature increases,the overall maximum porosity of castings shows a decreasing trend.

A nanobody-based blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting antibodies against pseudorabies virus glycoprotein E

Pseudorabies(PR)is an acute infectious disease of pigs caused by the PR virus(PRV)and results in great economic losses to the pig industry worldwide.PRV glycoprotein E(gE)-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)has been used to distinguish gE-deleted vaccine-immunized pigs from wild-type virus-infected pigs to eradicate PR in some countries.Nanobody has the advantages of small size and easy genetic engineering and has been a promising diagnostic reagent.However,there were few reports about developing nanobody-based ELISA for detecting anti-PRV-gE antibodies.In the present study,the recombinant PRV-gE was expressed with a bacterial system and used to immunize the Bactrian camel.Then,two nanobodies against PRV-gE were screened from the immunized camel by phage display technique.Subsequently,two nanobody-HRP fusion proteins were expressed with HEK293T cells.The PRV-gE-Nb36-HRP fusion protein was selected as the probe for developing the blocking ELISA(bELISA)to detect anti-PRV-gE antibodies.Through optimizing the conditions of bELISA,the amount of coated antigen was 200 ng per well,and dilutions of the fusion protein and tested pig sera were separately 1:320 and 1:5.The cut-off value of bELISA was 24.20%,and the sensitivity and specificity were 96.43 and 92.63%,respectively.By detecting 233 clinical pig sera with the developed bELISA and a commercial kit,the results showed that the coincidence rate of two assays was 93.99%.Additionallly,epitope mapping showed that PRV-gE-Nb36 recognized a conserved conformational epitope in different reference PRV strains.Simple,great stability and low-cost nanobody-based bELISA for detecting anti-PRV-gE antibodies were developed.The bELISA could be used for monitoring and eradicating PR.

The Incidence and Risk Factors of Third- and Fourth-Degree Perineal Tears in Ministry of Health in Bahrain over 5 Years

Background: Perineal trauma and vaginal laceration are considered a common complication associated with vaginal delivery. Well established risk factors, recognized by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, are ethnicity, birth weight over 4 kg persistent occipital posterior position, null parity, induction of labor, shoulder dystocia, instrumental delivery. There are other risk factors that were suggested in the literature, but data are conflicting, such as prolonged second stage of labor, episiotomy and obesity. Objective: To evaluate third- and fourth-degree perineal rears rates and the impact of related risk factors on perineal tears in Ministry of health in Bahrain over 5 years (which includes Salmanyia Medical complex (SMC) and Jidhafs maternity hospital (JMH)). Methods: This retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study analyzed all vaginal deliveries from January 2015 to December 2019 in Obstetrics and Gynecology department in Salmanyia Medical Complex (the main hospital in Kingdom of Bahrain which received all kinds of cases including low and high risks) and Jidhafs Maternity Hospital (tertiary hospital which received only low risk cases), Kingdom of Bahrain. During the period of interest 33,694 records were identified. Data were extracted from observational recording from SMC and JMH labour registry books. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between groups according to age (p = 0.199). On the other hand, there was statistically significant higher cases of >40 weeks at gestational age, obesity > 35 kg/mr, vacuum delivery, pushing stage > 90 min, birth weight > 4 kg, head circumference > 34 cm, fetal length at birth > 50 cm, episiotomy and lower cases of nulliparity in study group compared to control group 16 (66.7%) vs. 13,805 (41.0%), 3 (12.5%) vs. 1448 (4.3%), 3 (12.5%) vs. 1414 (4.2%), 4 (16.7%) vs. 1751 (5.2%), 3 (12.5%) vs. 1751 (5.2%), 12 (50.0%) vs. 15,926 (47.3%), 15 (62.5%) vs. 20,135 (59.8%) and 17 (70.8%) vs. 29,024 (86.2%);(p = 0.027, 0.009, Conclusion: Gestational age > 40 weeks, obesity > 35 kg/mr, pushing stage > 90 min, birth weight > 4 kg, head circumference > 34 cm, fetal length at birth > 50 cm and using of vacuum increase incidence of 3rd and 4th degree perineal tears with vaginal delivery however maternal age and nulliparity have no significant role. Finally, episiotomy did not represent as protective factor for perineal damage. .

Ultrasound-guided sphenopalatine ganglion block for effective analgesia during awake fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation: A case report

BACKGROUND Awake fiberoptic nasotracheal intubation(AFNI)is the preferred airway ma-nagement strategy for patients with difficult airways.However,this procedure can cause significant physical and psychological distress.This case report explores the application of a sphenopalatine ganglion(SPG)block as an alternative anal-gesic modality to mitigate the discomfort associated with AFNI.CASE SUMMARY A 63-year-old female with a history of right maxillary osteosarcoma underwent craniotomy for a suspected malignant brain lesion.The patient’s medical history included prior surgery,chemotherapy,and radiation therapy,resulting in signi-ficant jaw impairment and limited neck mobility.Considering the anticipated air-way challenges,AFNI was planned.A SPG block was performed under real-time ultrasound guidance,providing effective analgesia during nasotracheal intuba-tion.CONCLUSION The SPG block represents a promising analgesic approach in AFNI,offering po-tential benefits in alleviating pain involving the nasal and nasopharyngeal regions as well as improving patient cooperation.

General Method of Combining Grover and Simon for Attacking Block Ciphers

The compatibility of different quantum algorithms should be considered when these algorithms are combined.In this paper,the method of combining Grover and Simon is studied for the first time,under some preconditions or assumptions.First,we give two preconditions of applying Grover’s algorithm,which ensure that the success probability of finding the marked element is close to 1.Then,based on these two preconditions,it is found out that the success probability of the quantum algorithm for FXconstruction is far less than 1.Furthermore,we give the design method of the Oracle function,and then present the general method of combining Grover and Simon algorithm for attacking block ciphers,with success probability close to 1.

An Encode-and CRT-Based Scalability Scheme for Optimizing Transmission in Blockchain

Blockchain technology has witnessed a burgeoning integration into diverse realms of economic and societal development.Nevertheless,scalability challenges,characterized by diminished broadcast efficiency,heightened communication overhead,and escalated storage costs,have significantly constrained the broad-scale application of blockchain.This paper introduces a novel Encode-and CRT-based Scalability Scheme(ECSS),meticulously refined to enhance both block broadcasting and storage.Primarily,ECSS categorizes nodes into distinct domains,thereby reducing the network diameter and augmenting transmission efficiency.Secondly,ECSS streamlines block transmission through a compact block protocol and robust RS coding,which not only reduces the size of broadcasted blocks but also ensures transmission reliability.Finally,ECSS utilizes the Chinese remainder theorem,designating the block body as the compression target and mapping it to multiple modules to achieve efficient storage,thereby alleviating the storage burdens on nodes.To evaluate ECSS’s performance,we established an experimental platformand conducted comprehensive assessments.Empirical results demonstrate that ECSS attains superior network scalability and stability,reducing communication overhead by an impressive 72% and total storage costs by a substantial 63.6%.

Effects of counter-current driven by electron cyclotron waves on neoclassical tearing mode suppression

Through theoretical analysis,we construct a physical model that includes the influence of counter-external driven current opposite to the plasma current direction in the neoclassical tearing mode(NTM).The equation is used with this model to obtain the modified Rutherford equation with co-current and counter-current contributions.Consistent with the reported experimental results,numerical simulations have shown that the localized counter external current can only partially suppress NTM when it is far from the resonant magnetic surface.Under some circumstances,the Ohkawa mechanism dominated current drive(OKCD)by electron cyclotron waves can concurrently create both co-current and counter-current.In this instance,the minimal electron cyclotron wave power that suppresses a particular NTM was calculated by the Rutherford equation.The result is marginally less than when taking co-current alone into consideration.As a result,to suppress NTM using OKCD,one only needs to align the co-current with a greater OKCD peak well with the resonant magnetic surface.The effect of its lower counter-current does not need to be considered because the location of the counter-current deviates greatly from the resonant magnetic surface.

Geochemistry, zircon U–Pb geochronology, and Hf isotopes of S-type granite in the Baoshan block, constraints on the age and evolution of the Proto-Tethys

Geochemistry, zircon U–Pb geochronology, and Hf isotope data for the Early Paleozoic granites in the Baoshan Block reveal the Early Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Proto-Tethys. The samples are high-K, calcalkaline, strongly peraluminous rocks with A/CNK values of 1.37–1.46, are enriched in SiO2, K2O, and Rb, and are depleted in Nb, P, Ti, Eu, and heavy rare earth elements,which indicates the crystallization fractionation of the granitic magma. Zircon U–Pb dating indicates that they formed in ca. 480 Ma. The Nansa granites have εHf(t) values ranging from-16.04 to 4.36 with corresponding TC DMages of 2.10–0.81 Ga, which suggests the magmas derived from the partial melting of ancient metasedimentary with minor involvement of mantle-derived components. A synthesis of data for the Early Paleozoic igneous rocks in the Baoshan block and adjacent(Tengchong,Qiangtang, Sibumasu, Himalaya, etc.) blocks indicates that these blocks were all aligned along the proto-Tethyan margin of East Gondwana in the Early Paleozoic. The Early Paleozoic S-type granites from Nansa were generated in a high-temperature and low-pressure(HTLP) extensional tectonic setting, which resulted from Andean-type orogeny instead of the final assembly of Gondwana or crustal extension in a non-arc environment. In certain places, an expanding environment may exist in opposition to the tectonic backdrop of the lithosphere’s thickening and shortening, leading the crust to melt and decompress,mantle-derived materials to mix, and a small quantity of peraluminous granite to emerge.

Manipulation of internal blockage in triangular triple quantum dot

We utilize the calculation of hierarchical equations of motion to demonstrate that the spin-dependent properties between adjacent quantum dots(QDs)can be changed by breaking the internal symmetry configuration,corresponding to the inversion of dominant chiral states.In the linear triple quantum dots(LTQDs)connected to two electron reservoirs,we can observe that the blockage appears at the triangle triple quantum dots(TTQDs)by gradually increasing the coupling strength between next-nearest double QDs.When the initial coupling between LTQDs has altered,the internal chiral circulation also undergoes the corresponding transform,thus achieving qualitative regulation and detection of the blocking region.We also investigate the response of the chiral circulation to the dot–lead coupling strength,indicating the overall robust chiral circulation of the TTQDs frustration.

The late Early-Paleozoic granitic magmatism in Northwestern Fujian, China: constraints on intraplate orogeny in the South China block

The Early Paleozoic tectono-thermal event was a significant orogenic activity during the Phanerozoic era,which had a profound impact on the early crust of the South China Block(SCB) and established the foundation for later tectonic activity.The Wuyi-Yunkai orogenic belt in Southeastern China was extensively exposed to Early Paleozoic magmatism,the genetic mechanism of which remains controversial.To shed light on this issue,detailed petrological,geochemical,and zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopic studies were carried out on two granitoids,namely the Yuntongshan pluton and the Gaoqiao pluton,identified in the central Wuyishan.Zircon U-Pb chronology of the Yuntongshan and Gaoqiao bodies yielded ages of437±4 Ma(MSWD=2.2) and 404±2 Ma(MSWD=12),respectively,indicating that they were emplaced during the Early Silurian and Early Devonian periods.These granitoids are primarily composed of biotite-granite and biotite-monzonitic-granites,with high concentrations of S_(i)O_(2)(73.59-75.91 wt%),K_(2)O+Na_(2)O(8.31-8.73wt%),and low contents of MgO,CaO,Cr,Ni.They are classified as high-K calc-alkaline and weakly metaluminous-strongly peraluminous S-type granites.These granitoids are enriched in light rare earth elements(LREEs) and large ion lithophile elements(LILEs) and depleted in heavy rare earth elements(HREEs) and high field strength elements(HFSEs) with arc affinity.The εHf(t) values of-3.3 to-15.4 with two-stage Hf model ages ranging from 2829 to 1644 Ma,combined with the presence of Neoproterozoic inherited zircons,suggest that the primary magma of these granitoids was derived from the partial melting of Neoproterozoic crust with a Paleoproterozoic crustal model age.These findings,combined with the spatio-temporal distribution of regional magmatism,reveal that the late Early-Paleozoic granitoids formed in the intraplate orogenic background originating from the subduction of the proto-Tethys Ocean and proto-Pacific Ocean around the margin of the east Gondwana supercontinent.

Investigation of the block toppling evolution of a layered model slope by centrifuge test and discrete element modeling

Primary toppling usually occurs in layered rock slopes with large anti-dip angles.In this paper,the block toppling evolution was explored using a large-scale centrifuge system.Each block column in the layered model slope was made of cement mortar.Some artificial cracks perpendicular to the block column were prefabricated.Strain gages,displacement gages,and high-speed camera measurements were employed to monitor the deformation and failure processes of the model slope.The centrifuge test results show that the block toppling evolution can be divided into seven stages,i.e.layer compression,formation of major tensile crack,reverse bending of the block column,closure of major tensile crack,strong bending of the block column,formation of failure zone,and complete failure.Block toppling is characterized by sudden large deformation and occurs in stages.The wedge-shaped cracks in the model incline towards the slope.Experimental observations show that block toppling is mainly caused by bending failure rather than by shear failure.The tensile strength also plays a key factor in the evolution of block toppling.The simulation results from discrete element method(DEM)is in line with the testing results.Tensile stress exists at the backside of rock column during toppling deformation.Stress concentration results in the fragmented rock column and its degree is the most significant at the slope toe.

Vehicle Abnormal Behavior Detection Based on Dense Block and Soft Thresholding

With the rapid advancement of social economies,intelligent transportation systems are gaining increasing atten-tion.Central to these systems is the detection of abnormal vehicle behavior,which remains a critical challenge due to the complexity of urban roadways and the variability of external conditions.Current research on detecting abnormal traffic behaviors is still nascent,with significant room for improvement in recognition accuracy.To address this,this research has developed a new model for recognizing abnormal traffic behaviors.This model employs the R3D network as its core architecture,incorporating a dense block to facilitate feature reuse.This approach not only enhances performance with fewer parameters and reduced computational demands but also allows for the acquisition of new features while simplifying the overall network structure.Additionally,this research integrates a self-attentive method that dynamically adjusts to the prevailing traffic conditions,optimizing the relevance of features for the task at hand.For temporal analysis,a Bi-LSTM layer is utilized to extract and learn from time-based data nuances.This research conducted a series of comparative experiments using the UCF-Crime dataset,achieving a notable accuracy of 89.30%on our test set.Our results demonstrate that our model not only operates with fewer parameters but also achieves superior recognition accuracy compared to previous models.