A policy and technical measures for controlling soil and water loss in the Loess Plateau of China

Loess Plateau is the most serious region of soil and water loss in China and the world. The sediment carried into the Yellow River amounts to 1.6 billion tons every year. This paper reviews the factors and reasons for erosion in this area, and puts forward a comprehensive controlling policy on the basis of the principles of ecology and practise of Chinese scientists for 40 years. In conformity with the policy, a number of technical measures for controlling soil and water loss are suggested.

Analysis on the Technical Standardization System of Juvenile Product in Europe and the United States of America and Strategies of Technical Measures of Trade

China is the largest country in the trade of juvenile products in the world. However, the products suffered the loss of technical barriers to trade from Europe and the United States of America increased year by year. This paper analyzes the standard system of juvenile products in Europe and the United States of America with the method of standard comparison, to find its relative technical advantages, explore the reasons for the recall notification of juvenile products exported to the above regions by China, propose strategies for breaking down the technical measures of trade, and promote the development of international juvenile product export trade.

Study on Factors Influencing the Quality of Automatic Monitoring Data of Pollution Sources and Technical Assurance Measures

Automatic monitoring data of pollution sources is an important basis for environmental supervision and management.At present,it is difficult to guarantee the quality of automatic monitoring data of pollution sources,and it is difficult to play the role of the monitoring data.In response to this problem,the factors influencing the quality of automatic monitoring data of pollution sources were analyzed in detail,and technical assurance measures for the quality of automatic monitoring data of pollution sources in Shandong Province were studied.Besides,the dynamic management and control idea of automatic monitoring of pollution sources was proposed,and specific technical measures were analyzed from five aspects of standardizing automatic monitoring equipment of pollution sources,improving the data collection and transmission system,establishing a mechanism for reporting operating status information of monitoring equipment,setting alarm rules and alarm processing procedures,and statistically analyzing the operating status of the equipment.Practice has proved that the dynamic management and control system can effectively ensure the quality of automatic monitoring data of pollution sources.

Research on the Chemical Hazard Risk of Toys Exported to EU from China Based on the Analysis of the EU “Safety Gate” Alerts Cases

Based on the analysis of the 2544 alert cases from “Safety Gate” (the EU rapid alert system for dangerous non-food products) of toys exported to the EU market from China in the past five years (2017-2021), this study focuses on the chemical hazards as the key research object, investigates and identifies categories of toy products and related chemicals with high notification rate. The research results have shown that the most seriously and frequently alerted toy products due to chemical hazards from China exported to the EU are plastic dolls, slimes, rubber toy balloons, toy guns and squeezable toys, while the high failure rate of chemicals in sequence are phthalates, boron element, N-Nitrosamines and N-Nitrosatable substances, and bis(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl) ether. This study aims to improve the efficiency of inspection and test of export toys, and provide decision-making references for Chinese toy export enterprises to respond to EU technical trade measures.

Climate change and groundwater resources in China

Water resources play an important role in supporting the economic and social development of China. The impact of climate change on water resources has become a bottleneck in this process, especially for major projects, with surface water and groundwater systems experiencing considerable impacts. The annual natural recharge of fresh groundwater is 8 840×10~8 m^3, which accounts for approximately 31% of the water resources. Groundwater is the most significant water source for many cities and energy bases, and it is also the main source acting as a buffer against extreme climate events caused by climate change. However, most of the groundwater in China buried deeply and unevenly, which increases the difficulty of investigating and exploiting this resource.This paper illustrates the general conditions of China water resources and hydrogeological hazards, such as karst sinkholes, surface subsidence, and soil salinization, caused by climate change, El Nino, La Nina, other climate events and human activities and presents the regulatory measures enacted to mitigate these issues in China.The China Geological Survey(CGS) has organized professional teams to investigate and evaluate groundwater resources and the environment since 1999. Based on these investigations, the total quantity, expected exploitable quantity and current exploited quantity of groundwater in whole China have been evaluated. In addition, an evaluation of the groundwater pollution caused by climate change throughout China and key areas has been conducted. At present, the CGS is conducting national groundwater monitoring projects and establishing regional engineering and technical measures for water resource exploitation and utilization.

Occurrence, Damage and Control Strategies of Major Pests, Diseases and Weeds in Sugarcane Areas of Lincang Nanhua Sugar Industry Co., Ltd.

The pests, diseases and weeds in sugarcane areas of Lincang Nanhua Sugar Industry Co.,Ltd. were investigated at seedling stage, growth stage and maturity stage of sugarcane from 2012 to 2016. The occurrence and damage of diseases, pests and weeds were analyzed, and the problems in prevention and control were discussed based on the local conditions of sugarcane production. The species, occurrence and damage characteristics of diseases, pests and weeds were ascertained, and the corresponding strategies and technical measures were proposed.

Review on Fertilization Techniques of Chinese Chestnut(Castanea mollissima Blume.)

In this paper,we summed up the research advance in fertilization techniques of Chinese chestnut(Castanea mollissima Blume.),discussed the difference of fertilizer characteristics,fertilizer types,fertilization period,fertilization methods and research progress of formula fertilization in chestnut orchard,and finally prospected the future research of agricultural technical measure of chestnut fertilization work.

Problems in Fast-growing and High-yield Plantation Ecosystem Management and Their Countermeasures in China

The paper analyzed the basic characteristics of fast-growing and high-yield plantation, classified and identified the ecological problems in its development, and finally proposed the basic principles and corresponding technical measures for fast-growing and high-yield plantation ecosystem management based on these problems.

Legal Control over Big Data Criminal Investigation

The rapid growth of big data technology has become a major trend affecting the pattern of world development.Big data criminal investigation is a new type of criminal detection used extensively in the course of police practice at home and abroad.Its emergence indicates a trend in criminal justice towards ensuring security at the expense of privacy and exchanging rights for information.Big data criminal investigation highlights the backwardness and dysfunction of the traditional framework of legal norms,evident in doubts about the legal attributes of such investigation and the obvious limitations of techniques for distinguishing data content from metadata.This leaves a vacuum in the regulation of investigative power at the preliminary stage of investigation.Big data criminal investigation itself is a doubleedge sword;in order to forestall the possible abuses it may entail in terms of deep and broad interventions in basic civil rights,big data criminal investigation should be brought under the necessary legal control.We therefore propose adopting a dual regulatory approach comprising investigative and data norms,selectively adopting the traditional normative framework of the principle of legality and the principle of proportionality,and at the same time supplementing it with other legal principles and mechanisms concerning the protection of personal information and data.