The Strategy and Technology Selection for Non-CO_2 Greenhouse Gas Emission Control

The emission control of non-CO2greenhouse gases is conducive to slowing down global warming.It is also helpful in controlling environmental pollution,and beneficial in improving the local health benefits.This paper aims at six kinds of non-CO2greenhouse gases under United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,namely methane(CH4),nitrous oxide(N2O),hydrofluorocarbons(HFCs),perfluorocarbons(PFCs),sulfur hexafluoride(SF6),and nitrogen trifluoride(NF3).This paper analyzes the emission status and trend of China’s non-CO2greenhouse gases,and provides some technology selections for non-CO2emission reduction.Through strategic policy arrangements and appropriate technology choices,China can gain environmental protection and greenhouse gas control.

Selection and Breeding of Drought Resistant,Water-saving and High-yield Wheat Variety Cangmai 028

Cangmai 028 was selected and bred according to the climatic characteristic of the winter wheat in Heilonggang Basin taking 98(083)as the female parent and the Canghe 030 as the male parent by "two-row parallel alternate selection" method.Cangmai 028 has characteristics of high resistance,water-saving,high and stable yield,and rich genetic background.This study elaborated selection and breeding background and methods,characteristics,quality,and yield of Cangmai 028.

Application of Industry： A AHP Method to Technolo Selection for Emerging Case Study of Chinese Biotechnology Enterprises

Selecting the promising technologies to incorporate in new products is challenging for enterprises, especially for those who compete in emerging high-technology industries. By integrating external factor evaluation （EFE） and internal factor evaluation （1FE） matrix, this study proposes a new technology selection method. The proposed fi＇am^work is applied to a real technology selection problem faced by a bio-technology enterprise in the context of China＇ s economic, political and social environment. Two major aspects and 24 external/internal factors are determined. This study uses analytic hierarchy process （AHP） method to sort the information and derives weights of each criterion. Empirical results indicate that the candidate technology is promising, and shall be developed as one of the enterprise＇s primary products.

Selective removal technology using chemical etching and excimer assistance in precision recycle of color filter

Color filters are produced using semiconductor production techniques although problems with low yield remain to be addressed. This study presents a new means of selective removal using excimer irradiation, chemical etching, or electrochemical machining on the fifth generation TFT LCDs. The selective removal of microstructure layers from the color filter surface of an optoelectronic flat panel display, as well as complete removal of the ITO thin-films, RGB layer, or resin black matrix (BM) layer from the substrate is possible. Individual defective film layers can be removed, or all films down to the Cr layer or bare glass can be completely eliminated. Experimental results demonstrate that defective ITO thin-films, RGB layers, or the resin BM layer can now be recycled with a great precision. When the ITO or RGB layer proves difficult to remove, excimer light can be used to help with removal. During this recycling process, the use of 225 nm excimer irradiation before chemical etching, or electrochemical machining, makes removal of stubborn film residues easy, effectively improving the quality of recycled color filters and reducing fabrication cost.

Fabrication of 32 Gb/s Electroabsorption Modulated Distributed Feedback Lasers by Selective Area Growth Technology

A 32 Gb/s monolithically integrated electroabsorption modulated laser is fabricated by selective area growth technology. The threshold current of the device is below 13mA. The output power exceeds 10mW at 0V bias when the injection current of the distributed feedback laser is 100mA at 25℃. The side mode suppression ratio is over 50 dB. A 32Gb/s eye diagram is measured with a 3.SVpp nonreturn-to-zero pseudorandom modulation signal at -2.3 V bias. A clearly opening eyediagram with a dynamic extinction ratio of 8.01 dB is obtained.

Online Fashion Retailer Bonobos Selects Gerber Technology's YuniquePLM^(TM) Industry-Tailored Software to Support Rapid Growth and Fast-Paced Product Innovation

Tolland,Connecticut,USA-Gerber Technology,a business unit of Gerber Scientific, Inc.(NYSE:GRB) and a world leader in automated CAD/CAM and PLM solutions for the apparel and flexible materials industry,announces that fast-growing internet retailer Bonobos,Inc. has selected the YuniquePLM product

Drivers and barriers to energy-efficient technologies(EETs)in EU residential buildings

To achieve carbon targets,the European Union(EU)aims to promote nearly zero-energy buildings(nZEB).To enable the necessary transition,technical solutions need to converge with socio-economic factors,such values and awareness of stakeholders involved in the decision-making process.In this light,the aim of this paper is to characterise perceived drivers and barriers to nine energy-efficient technologies(EET),according to key decision-makers’and persuaders of the technology selection in the EU residential building context.Results are collected across eight EU countries,i.e.Belgium(BE),Germany(DE),Spain(ES),France(FR),Italy(IT),Netherlands(NL),Poland(PL),and United Kingdom(UK).The stakeholders’selected are architects,construction companies,engineers,installers and demand-side actors.Data from a multi-country survey is analysed to calculate the share of 15 drivers and 21 barriers(aggregated to 5 groups),being selected for each EET and country.The 5 groups considered to analyse drivers and barriers are environmental,technical,economic,social,legal.The perceived barriers and drivers were further studied for their association across the countries using the Pearson’s Chi2 and a Cramer’s V tests.The results demonstrate that across all EETs and countries,the technical and economic driver groups are perceived to have the highest potential to increase the implementation rate of EET.In terms of barriers,economic aspects are seen as the foremost reason that EET are not scaling faster.In both drivers and barriers legal aspects are the least often selected.In overall the barrier groups show significant variation across countries compared to driver groups.These findings provide an evidence-basis to better understand arguments in favour and against specific EETs and,in this way,support policy makers and other interested parties to increase the market share of the selected solutions.

The Technology Selection and Critical Successful Factors in the Information Technology （IT） Growth of Manufacturing Corporations in China

With the rapid development of the information technology （IT） and the more competitive environment of the corporations, IT is not only important for the enterprises tactically but also strategically, We extend the concept of the critical success factors （CSF） and Nolan＇s stages theory to identify the IT issues and measure their CSF of the manufacturers in China. We put forward the IT selection matrix based on Nolan＇s stages theory to analyze the IT application in manufacturers in Beijing based on our survey. We analyze the development of IT, IT selection strategy and the CSF influencing the IT growth of manufacturers in China.

Scale,Site Selection and Function of Economic and Technological Development Zones

This article analyses different characteristics of scale,site selection and function of the current economic andtehnological development zones in our country.It further proposes that it is inappropriate for the economic andtechnological development zones to follow the“pattern of the special zones”,but a new pattern of“small scale,unitaryfunction and closeness to old city”should be adopted to fit in with the practical conditions in our country.The scale,landuse structure and the relations between the development zone and the old city are the basic issues in planning forthe development zones.These three essential elements constitute the pattern of planning which determines to a certainextent the success or failure of the development zones.

我国健康建筑的评价实践与思考

In January 2017,the Assessment Standard for Healthy Building(T/ASC 02-2016)was published.The issue and application of this standard indicates that healthy buildings have developed from labs to field in China.Based on it,the concept of healthy buildings has been gradually implemented in the construction industry and has achieved preliminary results.This paper conducted statistical analysis on the healthy indexes level from 48 certificated projects and quantitatively demonstrated the practical effect of health building projects in China.At the same time,through the analysis of the healthy measures for different types of projects,this study also made a statistical analysis for the operational difficulty of the provisions of the standard in practice,providing practical reference for the continuous updating and improvement of the health building standard and providing reference for the project construction and the manager’s strategy formulation.Specific conclusions are as follows:(1)The health effects of the health building projects are reflected in several aspects:The average annual concentrations of indoor PM2.5 and PM10 are 14.8 and 23.9μg/m^3,respectively;the indoor average annual concentrations of formaldehyde and TVOC are 0.043 and 0.228 mg/m^3,respectively;68.8%of the total hardness of drinking water in the project is less than 150 mg/L(calculated by CaCO3);85.4%of the main functional rooms reached the thermal comfort level of ClassⅠ;the free fitness area takes 1.9%of the total area.(2)The higher the quality of the project is,the better the balance among the healthy elements is.In general,the score of items related to water takes 59%and 55%for comfort,which are significantly lower than that of air(82%),fitness(84%)and humanity(73%).However,the degree of practice completion is relatively low.It is suggested that the standard compilers should refer to the difficulty feedback of project practice in the process of standard revision.(3)According to the difficulty index value from low to high,the provisions are divided into 1-5 categories.Among them,9 provisions(6.2.15,8.2.4,6.2.4,8.2.3,8.2.9,6.2.6,7.2.6,7.2.4,6.2.14)have significant differences in the difficulty index between public construction and residential construction.(4)The non-participation rates of 6 provisions(5.2.3,6.2.4,6.2.15,6.2.16,7.2.6,8.2.8)were 64%,93%,64%,64%,77%and 84%,respectively.There are three types of reasons:Residential buildings do not participate in the evaluation,public buildings do not participate in the evaluation and projects without designated special space do not participate in the evaluation.Therefore,it is suggested that in the process of standard perfection,corresponding measures should be taken to improve the effective use rate of provisions.(5)In this paper,measure provisions in the standard are summarized into 16 technical measures,among which intelligent lighting technology,natural lighting technology and outdoor acoustic environment construction technology score rate are significantly lower.There are obvious differences in the selection of public buildings and residential buildings in terms of indoor acoustic environment control technology,natural lighting technology,fitness site design and child-friendly design.

Exploring price effects on the residential water conservation technology diffusion process： a case study of Tianjin city

Reforms of the water pricing management system and the establishment of a flexible water pricing system are significant for cities in northern China to tackle their critical water issues. The WATAP （Water conserva- tion Technology Adoption Processes） model is developed in order to capture the water conservation technology adoption process under different price scenarios with disaggregate water demands down to the end use level. This model is explicitly characterized by the technological selection process under maximum marginal benefit assumption by different categories of households. In particular, when households need to purchase water devices in the provision market with the consideration of complex factors such as the life span, investment and operating costs of the device, as well as the regulated water price by the government. Applied to Tianjin city, four scenarios of water price evolutions for a long-term perspective （from year 2011 to 2030） are considered, including BAU （Business As Usual）, SP1 （Scenario of Price increase with constant annual rate）, SP2 （Scenario of Price increase every four years） and SP3 （Scenario of Price increase with affordable constraint）, considering many factors such as historic trends, affordability and incentives for conservation. Results show that on aggregate 2.3%, 11.0% and 18.2% of fresh water can be saved in the residential sector in scenario SP1, SP2 and SP3, respec- tively, compared with the BAU scenario in the year 2030. The water price signals can change the market shares of different water appliances, as well as the water end use structure of households, and ultimately improve water use efficiency. The WATAP model may potentially be a helpful tool to provide insights for policy makers on water conservation technology policy analysis and assessment.

Simultaneous characterization of multiple properties of solid and liquid phases in crystallization processes using NIR

Near infrared spectroscopy （NIR） is now probably the most popular process analytical technology （PAT） for pharmaceutical and some other industries. However, unlike mid-IR, NIR is known to have difficulties in monitoring crystallization or precipitation processes because the existence of solids could cause distortion of the spectra. This phenomenon, seen as unfavorable previously, is however an indication that NIR spectra contain rich information about both solids and liquids, giving the possibility of using the same instrument for multiple property characterization. In this study, transflectance NIR calibration data was obtained using solutions and slurries of varied solution concentration, particle size, solid concentration and temperature. The data was used to build calibration models for prediction of the multiple properties of both phases. Predictive models were developed for this challenging application using an approach that combines genetic algorithm （GA） and support vector machine （SVM）. GA is used for wavelength selection and SVM for mode building. The new GA-SVM approach is shown to outperform other methods including GA-PLS （partial least squares） and traditional SVM. NIR is thus successfully applied to monitoring seeded and unseeded cooling crystallization processes of L-glutamic acid.