An integrated measurement and modeling methodology for estuarine water quality management

This paper describes research undertaken by the authors to develop an integrated measurement and modeling methodology for water quality management of estuaries. The approach developed utilizes modeling and measurement results in a synergistic manner. Modeling results were initially used to inform the field campaign of appropriate sampling locations and times, and field data were used to develop accurate models. Remote sensing techniques were used to capture data for both model development and model validation. Field surveys were undertaken to provide model initial conditions through data assimilation and determine nutrient fluxes into the model domain. From field data, salinity re- lationships were developed with various water quality parameters, and relationships between chlorophyll a concentrations, transparency, and light attenuation were also developed. These relationships proved to be invaluable in model development, particularly in modeling the growth and decay of chlorophyll a. Cork Harbour, an estuary that regularly experiences summer algal blooms due to anthropogenic sources of nutrients, was used as a case study to develop the methodology. The integration of remote sensing, conventional fieldwork, and modeling is one of the novel aspects of this research and the approach developed has widespread applicability.

Gray Water Measurement and Feasibility of Retrieval Using Innovative Technology and Application in Water Resources Management in Isfahan-Iran

Reuse of wastewater for agriculture and green spaces purposes is significant.A mean yearly precipitation in Esfahan is 150 mm.The drinking water and agriculture usually used underground resources in the city.Gray water recycling is known as a suitable option today.Delivering all the water requirements of a home from refined water rises the cost of water.Whereas the essential water quality for garden,toilet and irrigation is less than drinking water.Therefore,the aim of this study is to analyze the evaluation of gray water and estimate the amount of recycle gray water which can use for drinking water with innovation method in Esfahan region in Iran.Previous studies did not measure the value of recycling gray water with new method of waste water treatment that can use for drinking purpose.In this study,gray water in Esfahan city is measured and technical aspects of its recycling is examined.Because of the lack of referable guidelines and official technical reports,studies from other similar countries applied in this study and on the basis of which the amount of recoverable gray water was calculated.Evaluations indicates that the overall recovery of gray water in Esfahan saves nine million cubic meters of water.The price of the rial of this value established on water is 190 billion Rials.Given the lack of water sources in Esfahan,the recycle of gray water seems to be a good option,however more research is required to select a recovery strategy.

Analysis on Technology Requirements of Garden Irrigation for the Recycling and Use of Reclaimed Water

The lack of water resource is the resource and environmental problem of various countries in the current international environment face, and a better way to solve the shortage of water resource is to adopt the reclaimed water for civil irrigation. But the development of science and technology in China started late, it leads to that our country doesn＇t have deep experience in the use of the reclaimed water application technology, thus, the development and requirements of this technology in the domestic world are very urgent and demanding. In this paper, the author makes a detailed technology requirement explanation for the technology requirement level of supervision, technology, technics and management aspect on wastewater reuse technology.

Study on the Brownfield Landscape Restoration of Urban Iron and Steel Industry Based on the Rainwater Management

After the steel industry moved out of the cities, it left a large number of the seriously polluted wasteland. Under the stimulation of the urban economy, all sectors of the society pay more and more attention to the utilization and redevelopment of the urban steel industry brown-land, hoping to improve the living environment of the surrounding residents and promote the surrounding economy through the restoration of the brown-land environment. The rainwater management, as an important means to improve the water environment in the brown-land transformation of the iron and steel industry, is bound to reshape the environment of the brown-land of the iron and steel industry and create a good ecological environment of the brown-land. Based on the analysis and comparison of the methods and techniques of the rainwater management, combined with the surface water transmission paths and the technical facilities in the iron and steel industry, this paper puts forward the landscape planning measures of the rainwater management from three aspects of the rainwater and architecture, the rainwater and roads, and the rainwater and iron and steel elements, and displays the application process of the rainwater management in the form of the landscape, so as to achieve the unity of the technology and arts.

Israeli Water Achievements Today and Enlightenment to China

Despite the endemic drought, arid climate and associated limited freshwater resources, as well as difficult geopolitical realities, Israel can provide a reliable supply of high quality water to a rapidly growing population. The achievements of water supply in Israel can be summarized as water technologies (like water transportation and purification, desalination, wastewater treatment, effluent reuse, storm water catchment, control systems, rain enhancement and drip irrigation, etc.), water management and legislation as well as water industry. In view of the national concern regarding the quality and quantity of the water, the skills, technologies and know-how that Israel has accumulated in water supply and irrigation can give us enlightenment that is also presented in this paper.

Review on the Estimating the Effective Way for Managing the Produced Water: Case Study

Water manufactured is the primary waste source in the oil and gas industry. Because of the rising amount of waste worldwide, the environmental effect of wastewater has become a primary environmental concern in recent years. The vast amounts involved have resulted in considerable costs to the industry for handling produced water. This research explains the wide variety of choices for water management. This research’s first phase was water minimization techniques, consisting of three different applications made in three different wells (Well 1, Well 2 and Well 3) and water recycling and reuse by two techniques. In Well 1, Mechanical shut-off technique was applied using through tubing bridge plug and 5 m cement dumped above it to isolate the watered out zone;as per water oil ration plot the water cut is decreased from 100% to 4% and the production is increased from 0 to 400 bcpd. In Well 2, Chemical shut-off technique using a polymer called Brightwater has been used to block channeling through high permeability intervals after PLT log detected it, and the result was brilliant, the water cut decreased from 60% to 25%, also the oil production increase from 500 to 3000 bopd. In Well 3, downhole separator installed in it using workover (unfortunately, this technique is not applied in middle east till the moment so this application is taken from an oil field in Canada)and the result was perfect, the water cut decreased from 70% to 28%, also the oil production increase from 44 to 100 bopd. This study tried to clarify and compare the most widely used water management techniques using one of the Western Desert (W.D.) (enhanced for oil recovery, constructed wetland).

Empowering Conditions for Good Water Governance-a Sustainable Model： Vilanculos Case Study （Mozambique）

This article shows the results of the project Empowering conditions for good water governance-a sustainable model： Vilanculos case study （Mozambique）, co-financed by the European Community. This project had the aim of improving sanitary conditions and increasing economic and financial sustainability of water services for the population of Vilanculos. The project has been developed and deployed with cooperation between Acque del Chiampo （an Italian water utility, near Vicenza）, the University of Brescia and the Vilanculos public water service utility, Empresa Mo^ambicana de Agua （EMA）. The paper reports analytical praxis for water distribution measurements, capable of providing essential data about the water network performances, to assess the eventual need for actions in order to solve possible and effective problems of the water service. These practices involve flow and pressure analyses, pinpointing of the network＇s criticalities and leakages by in-situ inspections along the network, managing the valves together with water service utility, as well as the use of a water distribution model to simulate the effects of the proposed interventions and specific software to automatically register bills and payments.

Research on Computer Technology in Construction Cost Management

Computer technology has been comprehensively popularized in all walks of life with its continuous development. The construction cost management industry is surely no exception. To improve the application of computer technology in construction cost management industry, this thesis would respectively discuss and analyze the importance of computer technology application in construction cost management, status quo of computer technology application in construction cost management, measures of improving computer technology application in construction cost management as well as the development prospect of computer technology application in construction cost management. The author is striving to arouse the attention and exploration of relevant departments as well as practitioners in the same industry.

THREE BAYS ESTUARY(BARNSTABLE,CAPE COD)WATERSHED RESTORATION PL AN:A GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE APPROACH

This paper presents an approach described as“non-traditional”for restoring water quality and ecosystem services that have been degraded as a result of excess nitrogen.It focuses on emerging technologies often referred to as green infrastructure.These technologies may provide cost effective alternatives to traditional,gray infrastructure such as sewering and is likely to provide significant co-benefits including the creation of local jobs,the preservation of real estate values,and habitat enhancement.The paper focuses on the Three Bays estuary on Cape Cod to illustrate the benefits and potential of green infrastructure technologies.The Three Bays estuary is presented as a case study and as a representative example of implementation of the broader Cape Cod Water Quality Management Plan Update(208 Plan Update)-a nationally-recognized watershed planning project designed to provide a pathway for the fifteen towns of Cape Cod to achieve compliance with Section 208 of the Clean Water Act.The Three Bays estuary and embayment system is a scenic Cape Cod bay that hosts sailing,kayaking,swimming and shellfishing and is located in the Town of Barnstable.It is comprised of three primary segments that include West Bay,North Bay and Cotuit Bay.Sub-systems include Prince Cove that flows into North Bay,the Narrows that flows between North Bay and Cotuit Bay and Eel Pond that flows into East Bay(see Figure 1).The Massachusetts Estuaries Project(MEP)is a state-sanctioned watershedmodeling project that assesses the conditions of the state’s estuaries and required restoration goals.Its technical report(2006)indicates that the water quality of the Three Bays system has resulted in seriously degraded to moderately degraded habitat.The system is listed as an impaired water body on the US Environmental Protection Agency(EPA)303d list of impaired waters.An approved Total Maximum Daily Load(TMDL)for nitrogen has been established for the embayment.This assessment is supported by more recent empirical water quality data collected within the embayment.The more current data documents a continuing decline in water quality with more common algae blooms(see Figure 2).

对复杂水资源系统管理的认知与思考

通过提升管理能力进一步缓解水资源供需矛盾,应对水、经济、社会、生态等关联系统之间的不确定性已经成为新时期水资源可持续发展的必然要求。面对我国水资源系统存在的新老问题,亟须开展新时期反映复杂水资源系统特征的管理研究。基于此,梳理我国水资源管理模式的发展历程,指出我国已经进入面向关联要素的水资源系统综合管理阶段,多属性、全过程和多要素是目前复杂水资源系统管理的基本特征。从管理目标、管理对象和管理路径3个方面对复杂水资源系统管理的基本框架进行详细阐述。最后,对复杂水资源系统管理的关键支撑技术进行探讨,提出水资源监测技术、水循环模拟技术、水资源配置与调度技术、水生态环境过程模拟技术是我国水资源科学管理的关键支撑。

江苏省平原水网区河湖生态水位确定探索与实践

保障河湖生态流量,事关江河湖泊健康。本文在分析江苏平原水网区域特点的基础上,选择生态水位作为河湖生态流量的表征指标,根据水利部确定的江苏省26条全国生态流量保障重点河湖名录,科学选定控制断面,采用1990—2020年水文序列资料,选用Qp法分析计算90%、95%、99%保证率下的水位,同步对比分析近10年最枯月水位、最低通航保证水位,最终确定了26条河湖的生态水位。通过制定保障措施方案、开展监测预警评估、强化统一调度管理等措施,全面保障区域河湖生态水位,为平原水网地区河湖生态水位的确定与保障提供了经验。

航天器密封舱水分含量测量与除水工艺方法研究

航天器密封舱在进行真空热试验时处在真空容器内部,常规的水分含量测量和除水方法均无法满足密封舱除水要求。本文针对航天器密封舱在真空热试验时的除水难题,设计了一套适合密封舱内水分含量测量的装置,经过标定确保其满足真空环境下水蒸气含量的测量要求。设计的密封舱除水系统通过双向密封法兰与密封舱连接,可以在真空容器外完成对密封舱的除水。试验验证结果表明,该除水方法能够保证在真空热试验过程中密封舱内气体的露点温度低于0℃。

多普勒超声波技术在河道断面流速流量监测中的应用

基于多普勒超声波技术的基本原理,分析其在河道断面流速流量监测中的具体应用,包括多点流速剖线测量、走航式流量测量、湍流监测。通过一条典型河流的应用实例,验证了该技术在复杂河道条件下的有效性和高效性。结果表明,多普勒超声波技术为水文过程研究和河流管理提供了重要的数据支持。

三维动态测量技术在地下矿山的测绘与安全生产管理应用实践

伴随三维测量科学技术的持续进步及其发展,市场上出现更多三维激光类型的测量仪器设备及先进技术手段,大部分为固定形式,未达到较高的使用效率。三维动态测量技术,其往往有着主动性、快速性、数字化、高密度及高精度性、非接触性等等方面特点,地下矿山各类测绘项目当中,相比较于单点测量传统方法,三维动态化的扫描技术基本优势集中体现为非接触性及动态化的检测作业、数据采样较高速率方面。鉴于此,本文主要探讨地下矿山现场测绘及安全生产实际管理当中三维动态测量技术的应用实践,旨在为业内相关人士提供一定的指导或是参考。

秋露地大白菜高产栽培关键技术

为了促进秋季露地大白菜优质高效生产,基于北京市“2023年秋露地大白菜高产擂台赛”活动中67个生产主体的生产情况,总结分析了选用丰产、稳产品种是高产的前提,适期播种、育苗移栽是高产的基础,种植密度、成品率和单株质量是产量构成的三要素,水肥管理是获取高产的保障,应用轻简技术是高效生产的关键等高产经验。同时,探讨提出以下几个关键技术点,以期为露地秋白菜生产提供参考,包括冬储型大白菜生产品种可以选择北京新3号、金黄美、2171、乌冬菜和绿油3号;直播生产方式适宜播种日期为8月5—12日,育苗生产方式宜8月下旬移栽定植;大株型品种适宜每667 m^(2)种植3000~3500株、小株型品种适宜每667 m^(2)种植7000株左右。

世界农业强国的水利保障措施及其启示

农业是国民经济和社会发展的基础,水利是农业的命脉。在中国水资源总量不足、且时空分布不均匀的背景下,加强水利基础设施建设、提高农业水资源利用效率是农业强国建设的重要支撑条件。通过文献调研,对世界农业强国的水利发展经验、教训进行了归纳总结。在此基础上,结合中国农业发展和水资源利用的特点,提出中国农业强国建设中的水利保障建议:积极推动中国特色的水权制度体系建设,完善国家及区域水网实现水资源空间均衡,通过地表水、地下水和非常规水资源综合利用和联合调度提高供水保障程度,大力发展以高效节水灌溉和高效旱作农业为支撑的适水农业。

煤矿防治水“三区”划分方法及其水害防治意义

为系统性认识矿井各类水害问题,规范化管理矿井防治水工作,国家矿山安全监察局于2022年6月将针对老空水防治的“三区”管理工作推广到顶板水害、底板水害以及构造水害等更多水害类型中。然而各地煤矿在防治水“三区”划分过程中暴露出水害致灾因素和水害治理情况等与划分标准结合不紧密,并且技术上未针对不同煤层和采区进行区别划分,同时划分区域范围和划分结果的规范性和时效性存在不统一。据此,结合防治水“三区”划分的目的,对比了新“三区”划分与老空水“三区”划分的异同,明确了以水文地质条件勘查程度、水害隐患分析、水害治理情况为要素的划分原则,理清了“三区”划分的技术路径;结合我国常见的5种煤矿水害类型特征,提出了不同类型水害的划分方法,即:地表水害应根据井田内地表水体的分布发育特征以及大气降水、滑坡等地质灾害对开采的影响程度等进行划分。顶板水害应根据导水裂隙带范围内是否存在富水性强或者富水性中等静储量丰富含水层、松散含水层等对开采造成威胁进行划分。底板水害应根据煤层带压开采区域底板隔水层厚度与矿压破坏带深度之间的关系以及底板突水系数大小进行划分。老空水害应根据矿井及周边矿井老空积水分布范围、积水量情况进行划分,构造水害应根据井田内断层、陷落柱、溶洞等地质构造和不良地质体的富水性、含水性、与水源导通情况进行划分;总结了划分工作的要点和难点,即:明晰划分时空范围、综合分析划分标准、明确“三区”管理职责、动态转换划分结果等;在此基础上,选择水害类型多样和水文地质条件复杂的典型煤矿井,遵循划分原则,根据划分标准,分煤层、分采区划分了可采区、缓采区、禁采区,并加以详细的解释说明;阐明了开展“三区”划分工作具有提升综合探测水平、强化预测预报能力、找准水害治理方向的水害防治意义,以期指导和规范我国煤矿防治水“三区”划分工作。

“互联网+”视域下大学生管理措施研究

在“互联网+”视域下,大学生管理是指利用互联网、大数据、人工智能等现代信息技术手段,对大学生的学习、生活、就业等方面进行高效、精准、个性化、全方位、全过程的管理和服务,进而为培养高素质的大学生提供有力支持。基于此,文章将围绕“互联网+”视域下大学生管理现实意义与基本原则,对具体的管理措施进行研究,以期能在“互联网+”视域下为高校大学生管理提供有意义的参考。

无人机遥感技术在巡河场景中的应用研究

该文首先详细介绍无人机遥感技术在巡河场景应用的意义和重要性。在无人机技术方面,该文介绍其原理和基本应用,包括遥感数据的获取、处理和应用。在无人机技术方面,该文详细讲述其优势和应用,如无人机的机动性、高效性和低成本性等。研究结果表明,无人机遥感技术的深入研究和应用,可以更好地保护和管理河湖资源,为人类的生存和发展提供更好的保障,应该继续加强该领域的相关研究和实践。该研究对该领域的相关研究和实践具有重要的参考价值。

Total control-based unified allocation model for allowable basin water withdrawal and sewage discharge

In this paper,a new model with a total amount control target of allowable water withdrawal based on initial water right is built for the implementation of initial water right allocation scheme as well as unified allocation for allowable water withdrawal and sewage discharge.The model couples the water allocation simulation model and the computational model of permissible pol-lution bearing capacity.In view of the model complexity,a new technology which synthesizes system simulation,iterative reservoir turns and intelligent computation is proposed to improve the operability of allocation scheme and computational efficiency.Taking the Beijiang River Basin in the Pearl River Basin as an example,the study explains the model establishment,solution and application,and draws an optimized operation graph of large-scale reservoirs.The study also obtains a long-term operation strategy of river basin water resources system,the allocation schemes of allowable water withdrawal and sewage discharge in a typical year and the flow hydrographs of trans-boundary sections.The validity of the model and the allocation rationality are analyzed as well.