BACKGROUND Multinucleated giant cells(MGCs)in bladder carcinomas are poorly studied.AIM To describe the function,morphogenesis,and origin of mononuclear and MGCs in urothelial carcinoma(UC)of the bladder in Bulgarian ...BACKGROUND Multinucleated giant cells(MGCs)in bladder carcinomas are poorly studied.AIM To describe the function,morphogenesis,and origin of mononuclear and MGCs in urothelial carcinoma(UC)of the bladder in Bulgarian and French patients.METHODS Urothelial bladder carcinomas(n=104)from 2016-2020 were analyzed retrospectively using immunohistochemical(IHC)and histochemical stain examination.Giant cells in the bladder stroma were found in 35.6%of cases,more often in highgrades.RESULTS We confirm that MGCs in the mucosa in UC of the bladder were positive for both mesenchymal and myofibroblast markers(vimentin,smooth muscle actin,Desmin,and CD34)and the macrophage marker CD68.Furthermore,IHC studies revealed the following profile of these cells:Positive for p16;negative for epithelial(CK AE1/AE3 and GATA-3),vascular(CD31),neural(PS100 and CKIT),cambial,blastic(CD34-blasts and C-KIT),and immune markers(IG G,immunoglobulin G4,and PD-L1);no proliferative activity,possess no specific immune function,and cannot be used to calculate the Combined Positive Score scale.CONCLUSION In conclusion,the giant stromal cells in non-tumor and tumor bladder can be used as a characteristic and relatively constant,although nonspecific,histological marker for chronic bladder damage,reflecting the chronic irritation or inflammation.Likewise,according to the morphological and IHC of the mono-and multinucleated giant cells in the bladder,they are most likely represent telocytes capable of adapting their morphology to the pathology of the organ.展开更多
Myocardial infarction(MI)is a disorder that lowers the lifespan and quality of life.Reperfusion treatment as early as possible is the most effective solution,with an increased focus on post-MI medication.In the recove...Myocardial infarction(MI)is a disorder that lowers the lifespan and quality of life.Reperfusion treatment as early as possible is the most effective solution,with an increased focus on post-MI medication.In the recovery process after MI,telocytes(TCs)appear to play an important role,which develops a large number of questions awaiting answers.Defining possible signaling mechanisms involved in recovery after MI may lead to identification the limits of current therapies,and development of new therapeutic solutions.Key words:telocytes;myocardial infarction;stem展开更多
Background： Telocytes （TCs） are a novel type of interstitial cells, which have been recently described in a large variety of cavitary and noncavitary organs. TCs have small cell bodies, and remarkably thin, long, a...Background： Telocytes （TCs） are a novel type of interstitial cells, which have been recently described in a large variety of cavitary and noncavitary organs. TCs have small cell bodies, and remarkably thin, long, and moniliform prolongations called telopodes （Tps）. Until now, TCs have been found in various loose connective tissues surrounding the arterioles, venules, and capillaries, but as a histological cellular component, whether TCs exist in large arteries remains unexplored. Methods： TCs were identified by transmission electron microscope in the aortic arch of male C57BL/6 mice. Results： TCs in aortic arch had small cell bodies （length： 6.06-13.02 μm： width： 1.05-4.25 μm） with characteristics of specific long （7.74-39.05 μm）, thin, and moniliform Tps; TCs distributed in the whole connective tissue layer of tunica adventitia： TCs in the innermost layer of tunica adventitia, located at the juncture between media and adventitia, with their long axes oriented parallel to the outer elastic membrane： and TCs in outer layers oftunica adventitia, were embedded among transverse and longitudinal oriented collagen fibers,forming a highly complex three-dimensional meshwork. Moreover, desmosomes were observed, serving as pathways connecting neighboring Tps. In addition, vesicles shed from the surface of TCs into the extracellular matrix, participating in some biological processes. Conclusions： TCs in aorta arch are a newly recognized complement distinct from other interstitial cells in large arteries, such as fibroblasts. And further biologically functional correlations need to be elucidated.展开更多
Background： This study characterized the cardiac telocyte （TC） population both in vivo and in vitro, and investigated its telomerase activity related to mitosis. Methods： Using transmission electron microscopy and...Background： This study characterized the cardiac telocyte （TC） population both in vivo and in vitro, and investigated its telomerase activity related to mitosis. Methods： Using transmission electron microscopy and a phase contrast microscope, the typical morphological features of cardiac TCs were observed; by targeting the cell surface proteins CD1 17 and CD34, CD 117^＋CD34^＋ cardiac TCs wcrc sorted via flow cytomctry and validated by immunofluorescence based on the primary cell culture. Then the optimized basal nutrient medium for selected population was examined with the cell counting kit 8. Under this conditioned medium, the process of cell division was captured, and the telomerase activity of CD117^＋ CD34^＋ cardiac TCs was detected in comparison with bone mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs）, cardiac fibroblasts （CFBs）, cardiomyocytes （CMs）. Results： Cardiac TCs projected characteristic telopodes with thin segments （podomers） in alternation with dilation （podoms）. In addition, 64% of the primary cultured cardiac TCs were composed of CD117^＋CD34^＋ cardiac TCs： which was verified by immunofluorescence. In a live cell imaging system, CD117^＋CD34^＋ cardiac TCs were observed to enter into cell division in a short time. followed by an significant invagination forming across the middle of the cell body. Using a real-time quantitative telomeric-repeat amplification assay, the telomerase concentration in CD117^＋CD34^＋ cardiac TCs was obviously lower than in BMSCs and CFBs, and significantly higher than in CMs. Conclusions： Cardiac TCs represent a unique cell population and CD11 7^＋CD34^＋ cardiac TCs have relative low telomerase activity that differs from BMSCs, CFBs and CMs and thus they might play an important role in maintaining cardiac homeostasis.展开更多
《黄帝内经》提出的经络学说,一直是中医理论体系的基石,指导临床诊疗、针灸和养生实践。但关于经络实质及其结构基础众说纷纭,未能科学阐明,已成为中医药学传承与创新的瓶颈问题。2020年,《Microscopy and Microanalysis》杂志先后报...《黄帝内经》提出的经络学说,一直是中医理论体系的基石,指导临床诊疗、针灸和养生实践。但关于经络实质及其结构基础众说纷纭,未能科学阐明,已成为中医药学传承与创新的瓶颈问题。2020年,《Microscopy and Microanalysis》杂志先后报道了经络实质的最新研究结果。两篇文章提出,皮肤胶原纤维束形成的组织微通道及其内含成分,为经络气血运行通道的超微形态;具有联络作用的新发间质细胞——Telocyte,具备经络实质细胞的各种特质;Telocyte网络及其与其他结构的密切关系,可在细胞水平上诠释不同的经络现象。这些新观点能够从细胞学角度兼容现有的经络假说,有助于传统医学与现代医学的融通。本文将对上述研究成果作一系统综述,并为进一步的探索提出工作策略。展开更多
The rapidly self-renewing epithelium in the mammalian intestine is maintained by multipotent intestinal stem cells(ISCs) located at the bottom of the intestinal crypt that are interspersed with Paneth cells in the sma...The rapidly self-renewing epithelium in the mammalian intestine is maintained by multipotent intestinal stem cells(ISCs) located at the bottom of the intestinal crypt that are interspersed with Paneth cells in the small intestine andPaneth-like cells in the colon. The ISC compartment is also closely associated with a sub-epithelial compartmentthat contains multiple types of mesenchymal stromal cells. With the advances in single cell and gene editingtechnologies, rapid progress has been made for the identification and characterization of the cellular componentsof the niche microenvironment that is essential for self-renewal and differentiation of ISCs. It has becomeincreasingly clear that a heterogeneous population of mesenchymal cells as well as the Paneth cells collectivelyprovide multiple secreted niche signals to promote ISC self-renewal. Here we review and summarize recentadvances in the regulation of ISCs with a main focus on the definition of niche cells that sustain ISCs.展开更多
基金the European Union-NextGenerationEU,through the National Recovery and Resilience Plan of the Republic of Bulgaria,No.BG-RRP-2.004-0008.
文摘BACKGROUND Multinucleated giant cells(MGCs)in bladder carcinomas are poorly studied.AIM To describe the function,morphogenesis,and origin of mononuclear and MGCs in urothelial carcinoma(UC)of the bladder in Bulgarian and French patients.METHODS Urothelial bladder carcinomas(n=104)from 2016-2020 were analyzed retrospectively using immunohistochemical(IHC)and histochemical stain examination.Giant cells in the bladder stroma were found in 35.6%of cases,more often in highgrades.RESULTS We confirm that MGCs in the mucosa in UC of the bladder were positive for both mesenchymal and myofibroblast markers(vimentin,smooth muscle actin,Desmin,and CD34)and the macrophage marker CD68.Furthermore,IHC studies revealed the following profile of these cells:Positive for p16;negative for epithelial(CK AE1/AE3 and GATA-3),vascular(CD31),neural(PS100 and CKIT),cambial,blastic(CD34-blasts and C-KIT),and immune markers(IG G,immunoglobulin G4,and PD-L1);no proliferative activity,possess no specific immune function,and cannot be used to calculate the Combined Positive Score scale.CONCLUSION In conclusion,the giant stromal cells in non-tumor and tumor bladder can be used as a characteristic and relatively constant,although nonspecific,histological marker for chronic bladder damage,reflecting the chronic irritation or inflammation.Likewise,according to the morphological and IHC of the mono-and multinucleated giant cells in the bladder,they are most likely represent telocytes capable of adapting their morphology to the pathology of the organ.
基金Project supported by the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research,CNCS-UEFISCDI,PNII(82/2012,194/2014)
文摘Myocardial infarction(MI)is a disorder that lowers the lifespan and quality of life.Reperfusion treatment as early as possible is the most effective solution,with an increased focus on post-MI medication.In the recovery process after MI,telocytes(TCs)appear to play an important role,which develops a large number of questions awaiting answers.Defining possible signaling mechanisms involved in recovery after MI may lead to identification the limits of current therapies,and development of new therapeutic solutions.Key words:telocytes;myocardial infarction;stem
基金This study was supported by a grant from the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Background： Telocytes （TCs） are a novel type of interstitial cells, which have been recently described in a large variety of cavitary and noncavitary organs. TCs have small cell bodies, and remarkably thin, long, and moniliform prolongations called telopodes （Tps）. Until now, TCs have been found in various loose connective tissues surrounding the arterioles, venules, and capillaries, but as a histological cellular component, whether TCs exist in large arteries remains unexplored. Methods： TCs were identified by transmission electron microscope in the aortic arch of male C57BL/6 mice. Results： TCs in aortic arch had small cell bodies （length： 6.06-13.02 μm： width： 1.05-4.25 μm） with characteristics of specific long （7.74-39.05 μm）, thin, and moniliform Tps; TCs distributed in the whole connective tissue layer of tunica adventitia： TCs in the innermost layer of tunica adventitia, located at the juncture between media and adventitia, with their long axes oriented parallel to the outer elastic membrane： and TCs in outer layers oftunica adventitia, were embedded among transverse and longitudinal oriented collagen fibers,forming a highly complex three-dimensional meshwork. Moreover, desmosomes were observed, serving as pathways connecting neighboring Tps. In addition, vesicles shed from the surface of TCs into the extracellular matrix, participating in some biological processes. Conclusions： TCs in aorta arch are a newly recognized complement distinct from other interstitial cells in large arteries, such as fibroblasts. And further biologically functional correlations need to be elucidated.
基金Source of Support： This study was supported by a grant from the Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No, 81300232）. Conflict of Interest： None dec ared.
文摘Background： This study characterized the cardiac telocyte （TC） population both in vivo and in vitro, and investigated its telomerase activity related to mitosis. Methods： Using transmission electron microscopy and a phase contrast microscope, the typical morphological features of cardiac TCs were observed; by targeting the cell surface proteins CD1 17 and CD34, CD 117^＋CD34^＋ cardiac TCs wcrc sorted via flow cytomctry and validated by immunofluorescence based on the primary cell culture. Then the optimized basal nutrient medium for selected population was examined with the cell counting kit 8. Under this conditioned medium, the process of cell division was captured, and the telomerase activity of CD117^＋ CD34^＋ cardiac TCs was detected in comparison with bone mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs）, cardiac fibroblasts （CFBs）, cardiomyocytes （CMs）. Results： Cardiac TCs projected characteristic telopodes with thin segments （podomers） in alternation with dilation （podoms）. In addition, 64% of the primary cultured cardiac TCs were composed of CD117^＋CD34^＋ cardiac TCs： which was verified by immunofluorescence. In a live cell imaging system, CD117^＋CD34^＋ cardiac TCs were observed to enter into cell division in a short time. followed by an significant invagination forming across the middle of the cell body. Using a real-time quantitative telomeric-repeat amplification assay, the telomerase concentration in CD117^＋CD34^＋ cardiac TCs was obviously lower than in BMSCs and CFBs, and significantly higher than in CMs. Conclusions： Cardiac TCs represent a unique cell population and CD11 7^＋CD34^＋ cardiac TCs have relative low telomerase activity that differs from BMSCs, CFBs and CMs and thus they might play an important role in maintaining cardiac homeostasis.
文摘《黄帝内经》提出的经络学说,一直是中医理论体系的基石,指导临床诊疗、针灸和养生实践。但关于经络实质及其结构基础众说纷纭,未能科学阐明,已成为中医药学传承与创新的瓶颈问题。2020年,《Microscopy and Microanalysis》杂志先后报道了经络实质的最新研究结果。两篇文章提出,皮肤胶原纤维束形成的组织微通道及其内含成分,为经络气血运行通道的超微形态;具有联络作用的新发间质细胞——Telocyte,具备经络实质细胞的各种特质;Telocyte网络及其与其他结构的密切关系,可在细胞水平上诠释不同的经络现象。这些新观点能够从细胞学角度兼容现有的经络假说,有助于传统医学与现代医学的融通。本文将对上述研究成果作一系统综述,并为进一步的探索提出工作策略。
基金The research in the Xi’s lab is in part supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFA0103602)GZ is supported by grants from National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(31801229)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2017 M610779)Beijing Postdoctoral Research Foundation(2016-ZZ-110).
文摘The rapidly self-renewing epithelium in the mammalian intestine is maintained by multipotent intestinal stem cells(ISCs) located at the bottom of the intestinal crypt that are interspersed with Paneth cells in the small intestine andPaneth-like cells in the colon. The ISC compartment is also closely associated with a sub-epithelial compartmentthat contains multiple types of mesenchymal stromal cells. With the advances in single cell and gene editingtechnologies, rapid progress has been made for the identification and characterization of the cellular componentsof the niche microenvironment that is essential for self-renewal and differentiation of ISCs. It has becomeincreasingly clear that a heterogeneous population of mesenchymal cells as well as the Paneth cells collectivelyprovide multiple secreted niche signals to promote ISC self-renewal. Here we review and summarize recentadvances in the regulation of ISCs with a main focus on the definition of niche cells that sustain ISCs.
