One big issue in the'Large Centralization'era is what farmers would do for living when they have been centralized to live in tall buildings and their lands have been circulated?Now,the distance between farmers...One big issue in the'Large Centralization'era is what farmers would do for living when they have been centralized to live in tall buildings and their lands have been circulated?Now,the distance between farmers and their workplaces are limited to 10minutes in the planning.Compared to the construction of happy and beautiful new countryside in China,Sichuan Province proposed展开更多
AIM To determine the prevalence and diagnostic value of autoantibodies inα-fetoprotein(AFP)-negative hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS Fifty-six serum samples from AFP-negative HCC cases,86 from AFP-positive HCC ...AIM To determine the prevalence and diagnostic value of autoantibodies inα-fetoprotein(AFP)-negative hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS Fifty-six serum samples from AFP-negative HCC cases,86 from AFP-positive HCC cases,168 from chronic liver disease cases,and 59 from normal human controls were included in this study.Autoantibodies to nucleophosmin(NPM)1,14-3-3zeta and mouse double minute 2 homolog(MDM2)proteins in AFP-negative HCC serum were evaluated by enzymelinked im munosorbent assay.Partially positive sera were further evaluated by western blotting.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of three tumor-associated antigens(TAAs)in AFP-negative HCC and normal control tissues.RESULTS The frequency of autoantibodies to the three TAAs in AFP-negative HCC sera was 21.4%,19.6%and 19.6%,which was significantly higher than in the chronic liver disease cases and normal human controls(P<0.01)as well as AFP-positive HCC cases.The sensitivity of the three autoantibodies for diagnosis of AFP-negative HCC ranged from 19.6%to 21.4%,and the specificity was approximately 95%.When the three autoantibodies were combined,the sensitivity reached 30.4%and the specificity reached 91.6%.CONCLUSION Autoantibodies to NPM1,14-3-3zeta and MDM2 may be useful biomarkers for immunodiagnosis of AFP-negative HCC.展开更多
背景：近来，抗抑郁药特别是选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors，SSRIs)的使用与自杀观念和行为的关系颇受公众注意。10多岁的青少年使用这些药物的情况尤其令人关注。目的：与用多舒平(dothiepin)...背景：近来，抗抑郁药特别是选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors，SSRIs)的使用与自杀观念和行为的关系颇受公众注意。10多岁的青少年使用这些药物的情况尤其令人关注。目的：与用多舒平(dothiepin)开始治疗的患者比较，评估采用抗抑郁药(3种中之1种)开始治疗的患者发生非致命自杀行为的相对危险性(relative risks，RRs)。设计和地点：使用1993—1999年英国全科研究数据库(uK General Practice Research Database)，对英国全科门诊收治的患者进行匹配病例对照研究。参试者：基本人群包括159810例抗抑郁药(4种)使用者。参试者仅服用其中1种抗抑郁药，并且在检索日期(病例组为发生自杀行为或观念的日期，匹配对照组与其相同)前90天内必须接受至少1次研究性抗抑郁药处方。主要观察指标：与相应无自杀行为的患者比较，有首次非致命自杀行为或自杀记录的患者首次使用阿米替林(amitriptyline)、氟西汀(fluoxetine)、帕罗西汀(paroxetine)和多舒平的频率。结果：在控制年龄、性别、发病时间(calendar time)以及首次处方抗抑郁药至发生自杀行为的时间后，与使用多舒平的患者比较，病例组(555例)和对照组(2062例)新发非致命自杀行为的相对危险阿米替林为0．83(95％可信区间[CI]，0．61-1.13)，氟西汀为1．16(95％CI，0．90～1．50)，帕罗西汀为1．29(95％CI，0．97-1.70)。与检索日期前≥90天首次处方一种抗抑郁药的患者比较，检索日期前1～9天首次处方1种抗抑郁药的患者发生自杀行为的RR为4．07(95％CI，2．89—5．74)。然而，首次处方抗抑郁药的时间并非抗抑郁药与自杀行为关系的混淆因素，因为在4种研究药物使用者中，它与自杀行为的关系并无显著差异。致命性自杀情况与之相同，与检索日期前≥90天首次处方1种抗抑郁药的患者比较，检索日期前1～9天首次处方1种抗抑郁药的患者，其RR为38．0(95％CI，6．2—231)。具体抗抑郁药的使用与自杀危险并无显著关联。结论：与使用多舒平的患者比较，阿米替林、氟西汀和帕罗西汀使用者在开始抗抑郁药治疗后发生自杀行为的危险相似。抗抑郁药物开始治疗后第1个月患者发生自杀行为的危险增加(特别是在开始的1—9天)。开始最新抗抑郁药帕罗西汀治疗的患者发生自杀危险的可能性略有增加(临界显著水平)，这很可能是由于未控制抑郁症严重度这一混淆所致。根据有限的资料，我们认为本文4种药物对10—19岁的患者疗效并无显著差异。展开更多
文摘One big issue in the'Large Centralization'era is what farmers would do for living when they have been centralized to live in tall buildings and their lands have been circulated?Now,the distance between farmers and their workplaces are limited to 10minutes in the planning.Compared to the construction of happy and beautiful new countryside in China,Sichuan Province proposed
基金Supported by Clinical Research Cooperation Fund of the Capital Medical University,No.15JL67Project of Science and Technology Development Plan of Beijing Municipal Education Commission,No.KM201610025021+2 种基金High-Tech Personnel Training Program of Beijing Health System,No.2015-3-104Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission,No.Z151100004015066Shaanxi Science and Technology Coordination and Innovation Project,No.2016KTZDSF02-02
文摘AIM To determine the prevalence and diagnostic value of autoantibodies inα-fetoprotein(AFP)-negative hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS Fifty-six serum samples from AFP-negative HCC cases,86 from AFP-positive HCC cases,168 from chronic liver disease cases,and 59 from normal human controls were included in this study.Autoantibodies to nucleophosmin(NPM)1,14-3-3zeta and mouse double minute 2 homolog(MDM2)proteins in AFP-negative HCC serum were evaluated by enzymelinked im munosorbent assay.Partially positive sera were further evaluated by western blotting.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of three tumor-associated antigens(TAAs)in AFP-negative HCC and normal control tissues.RESULTS The frequency of autoantibodies to the three TAAs in AFP-negative HCC sera was 21.4%,19.6%and 19.6%,which was significantly higher than in the chronic liver disease cases and normal human controls(P<0.01)as well as AFP-positive HCC cases.The sensitivity of the three autoantibodies for diagnosis of AFP-negative HCC ranged from 19.6%to 21.4%,and the specificity was approximately 95%.When the three autoantibodies were combined,the sensitivity reached 30.4%and the specificity reached 91.6%.CONCLUSION Autoantibodies to NPM1,14-3-3zeta and MDM2 may be useful biomarkers for immunodiagnosis of AFP-negative HCC.
文摘背景：近来，抗抑郁药特别是选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors，SSRIs)的使用与自杀观念和行为的关系颇受公众注意。10多岁的青少年使用这些药物的情况尤其令人关注。目的：与用多舒平(dothiepin)开始治疗的患者比较，评估采用抗抑郁药(3种中之1种)开始治疗的患者发生非致命自杀行为的相对危险性(relative risks，RRs)。设计和地点：使用1993—1999年英国全科研究数据库(uK General Practice Research Database)，对英国全科门诊收治的患者进行匹配病例对照研究。参试者：基本人群包括159810例抗抑郁药(4种)使用者。参试者仅服用其中1种抗抑郁药，并且在检索日期(病例组为发生自杀行为或观念的日期，匹配对照组与其相同)前90天内必须接受至少1次研究性抗抑郁药处方。主要观察指标：与相应无自杀行为的患者比较，有首次非致命自杀行为或自杀记录的患者首次使用阿米替林(amitriptyline)、氟西汀(fluoxetine)、帕罗西汀(paroxetine)和多舒平的频率。结果：在控制年龄、性别、发病时间(calendar time)以及首次处方抗抑郁药至发生自杀行为的时间后，与使用多舒平的患者比较，病例组(555例)和对照组(2062例)新发非致命自杀行为的相对危险阿米替林为0．83(95％可信区间[CI]，0．61-1.13)，氟西汀为1．16(95％CI，0．90～1．50)，帕罗西汀为1．29(95％CI，0．97-1.70)。与检索日期前≥90天首次处方一种抗抑郁药的患者比较，检索日期前1～9天首次处方1种抗抑郁药的患者发生自杀行为的RR为4．07(95％CI，2．89—5．74)。然而，首次处方抗抑郁药的时间并非抗抑郁药与自杀行为关系的混淆因素，因为在4种研究药物使用者中，它与自杀行为的关系并无显著差异。致命性自杀情况与之相同，与检索日期前≥90天首次处方1种抗抑郁药的患者比较，检索日期前1～9天首次处方1种抗抑郁药的患者，其RR为38．0(95％CI，6．2—231)。具体抗抑郁药的使用与自杀危险并无显著关联。结论：与使用多舒平的患者比较，阿米替林、氟西汀和帕罗西汀使用者在开始抗抑郁药治疗后发生自杀行为的危险相似。抗抑郁药物开始治疗后第1个月患者发生自杀行为的危险增加(特别是在开始的1—9天)。开始最新抗抑郁药帕罗西汀治疗的患者发生自杀危险的可能性略有增加(临界显著水平)，这很可能是由于未控制抑郁症严重度这一混淆所致。根据有限的资料，我们认为本文4种药物对10—19岁的患者疗效并无显著差异。
