Application of High Tension Roll Separator for the Separation of Titanium Bearing Minerals: Process Modeling and Optimization

The High Tension Roll Separator (HTRS) is one of the main electrostatic unit operations employed to separate titanium minerals like ilmenite, rutile and leucoxene which behave as conducting from zircon, sillimanite, garnet and monazite which behave as non-conducting minerals when a high potential difference is applied. Three process inputs, namely roll speed, feed material temperature and roll speed have been optimized. Experiments were conducted based on the Box- Behnken factorial design;the results were analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM). A new term, called Operational Quality Index (OQI) has been defined as a process output, which is maximized by quadratic programming, to obtain the optimum operating conditions. The maximum value of OQI obtained under the constraints of grade >96% and recovery >98% is 195.53, at the following operating conditions—Temperature: 102°C, Feed Rate: 1.75 tph and Roll Speed: 132 rpm. Under these conditions, the grade and recovery obtained are 96.6% and 98.9% respectively.

FORMULAS OF TENSION OF CONTINUOUS ROLLING PROCESS

The development of computer controlled continuous rolling process calls for a mathematical expression that can express the inequality condition of ＂constant flow＂. Tension is the link of the continuous rolling process. From the condition of clynamic equilibrium, a differential equation of tension is given out. On the basis of the physical rules established from the industrial practice and experimental studies, the law of volume constancy, the linear relation of forward slip and tension, the state equation of continuous rolling, the formula of dynamic tension, and the formula of static tension have been obtained. These formulae reflect the functional relations between tensions, thickness, roll velocity, and time in the continuous rolling process. It is implied that the continuous rolling process is a gradually steady, controllable, and measurable dynamic system. An assumption of predicting the thickness of a steel plate using these tension formulae is also put forward.

Derivation of Tension Differential Equation for Tandem Rolling Process

The speed difference of strip between two stands is the origin of strip tension in tandem rolling process. The relation between elastic elongation and tension meets Hooke′s law, and the elastic elongation of strip produces speed difference. Based on these principles, the tension differential equations were derived for rolling strip with uniform and variant strip sections with one step or n-1 step disturbance points. The simplified forms of these equations are the same as reported in other references.

Effects of finish rolling tension on strip width

Based on the practical data of a strip hot rolling line and the flow patterns of the rolling process, the principle of the effect of the tension between mill stands on the strip width was analyzed. The results show that the tension between the upstream mill stands has a significant effect on strip width. The width change takes place in the deforming region between two mill stands, the effect of back tension is more than that of forward tension, and the width narrowing takes place in the biting position of the back slip region. Reasonable tension and its gradient setup are therefore significant factors in the accuracy of the strip width control.

Transverse Distributions of Front and Back Tension Stresses in Cold Strip Rolling

In this paper,such a new lateral displacement function is proposed that the lateral flow velocity is con- tinuous at the entry and the exit of deformation zone.A new kind of finite strip method—the third power B-spline finite strip method—is put forward to simulate strip rolling process.Front and back tension stresses are formulated.The computed results of the transverse distributions of the front and back tension stresses are close to the experimental results.The paper lays a foundation for further analysing the three-dimensional stresses and deformations of strip rolling.

Allowable variation of cold-rolled strip transverse profiles in high tension

The formation mechanism of the cold-rolled strip shape with high tension was studied. An advanced method to calculate the allowable variation of strip transverse profiles was established by the strip buckling criterion, which can be more properly used in cold rolling. With this method, the aim allowable variation of the product strip transverse profile and the required transverse profile range of incoming strips can be reached. Besides, this method has been successfully applied in a domestic tandem cold mill, and the transverse profile range of incoming strips suggested with this method is more practicable and complete. Consequently, the good performance is acquired.

基于ControlLogix的实验室张紧辊控制系统设计

以张紧辊为控制对象,在Rockwell工业控制网络实验室设计张紧辊控制系统,包括对象组态、程序调试及界面开发。通过对现有设备探索新的实验项目,丰富了实验内容和教学手段,促进了学生参加实践教学的热情,提高了学生的动手能力和创新能力。

STUDY OF ROLLING FORCE DISTRIBUTION ALONG THE ROLLING OF PAIR CROSS MILL

The theory of three-dimensional deformation is used.Based on rigid plastic assumption, the theory of stick friction and the sheet crown curve at the entry and the exit are used. The mathematical analytical formula of the rolling force in lateral distribution is deriven.

Numerical Simulation of Continuous Tension Leveling Process of Thin Strip Steel and Its Application

Cold-rolled thin strip steel of high flatness quality undergoes multistage deformation during tension leveling. Thus, the parameters of set-up and manipulating are more difficult. With the aid of FE code MSC. MARC, the tension leveling process of thin strip steel was numerically simulated. Concentrating on the influence of the roll intermeshes in 2# anti-cambering on the distribution and magnitude of residual stresses in leveled strip steel, several experiments were clone with the tension leveler based on the results from the simulation. It was found from the simulation that the magnitude of longitudinal residual stresses in the cross-section of the leveled strip steel regularly presents obvious interdependence with the roll intermeshes in 2# anti-cambering. In addition, there is a steady zone as the longitudinal residual stresses of the surface layers in leveled strip steel vary with the roll intermeshes of 2# anticambering, which is of importance in the manipulation of tension levelers. It was also found that the distribution of strains and stresses across the width of strip steel is uneven during leveling or after removing the tension loaded upon the strip, from which it was found that 3D simulation could not be replaced by 2D analysis because 2D analysis in this case cannot represent the physical behavior of strip steel deformation during tension leveling.

Finite element analysis of the bulge defect forming and eliminating on tube continuous rolled by full floating mandrel mill

Based on the ABAQUS explicit dynamic simulation platform,the finite element model of single stand mill with restrained mandrel was adopted to research the influence of mandrel - roller velocity ratio (MRVR),mandrel friction and tension between stands on rolling force.The analysis results show that when the MRVR is lower than 1,the rolling force increases obviously with the increase of MRVR and reaches the peak value when the MRVR is about 1.The rolling force increase induced by the MRVR increase is the main reason of the formation of the bulge defect on the tube head and tail at the entering and exiting stage during tube continuous rolling process by full floating mandrel mill,which can be intensified by the increase of mandrel friction coefficient.The rolling force decreases with the increase of tension.As the tension is larger, the rolling force decrease amplitude is larger.The influence of backward tension on rolling force is greater than that of forward tension distinctly.Tension control can be used to decrease the rolling force increase induced by the MRVR increase,which is imposing tension at the same time when the MRVR increases,in order to improve even eliminate the bulge defect,and enhance the tube dimension precision.

Stream Surface Strip Element Method and Simulation of Three-Dimensional Deformation of Continuous Hot Rolled Strip

A new method,the stream surface strip element method,for simulating the three-dimensional deformation of plate and strip rolling process was proposed.The rolling deformation zone was divided into a number of stream surface(curved surface)strip elements along metal flow traces,and the stream surface strip elements were mapped into the corresponding plane strip elements for analysis and computation.The longitudinal distributions of the lateral displacement and the altitudinal displacement of metal were respectively constructed to be a quartic curve and a quadratic curve,of which the lateral distributions were expressed as the third-power spline function,and the altitudinal distributions were fitted in the quadratic curve.From the flow theory of plastic mechanics,the mathematical models of the three-dimensional deformations and stresses of the deformation zone were constructed.Compared with the streamline strip element method proposed by the first author of this paper,the stream surface strip element method takes into account the uneven distributions of stresses and deformations along altitudinal direction,and realizes the precise three-dimensional analysis and computation.The simulation example of continuous hot rolled strip indicates that the method and the model accord with facts and provide a new reliable engineering-computation method for the three-dimensional mechanics simulation of plate and strip rolling process.

Designing of Hot Strip Rolling Mill Control System

Aimed at the complex demand of hot strip rolling mill in practicing, the configuration of the coiler and the technological process is analyzed. The arithmetic of coiling tension and the control process is introduced. The frame of the tension adjusting system is given. The coiler control system hardware is designed. The system is designed scientifically with steady control and meets demand of the market.

基于DBO-RBF的无缝钢管张力减径轧制力预测

基于深度学习,提出了一种基于蜣螂优化算法(DBO)优化径向基函数(RBF)神经网络的预测模型,对无缝钢管张力减径过程的轧制力进行预测。同时,以某钢管厂张力减径过程中采集的第4和第10机架轧制力相关数据为样本集,通过学习和训练,将得到的结果与传统RBF神经网络的预测结果进行了对比。结果表明,该模型具有更高的预测精度和稳定性,第4机架轧制力预测结果的均方根误差eRMSE和平均绝对误差e_(MAE)分别为0.53和0.39,第10机架轧制力预测结果的均方根误差e_(RMSE)和平均绝对误差e_(MAE)分别为0.13和0.09,预测值与真实值之间误差均在工业允许范围内。

安钢冷轧1550 mm连退炉内张力控制与分析

结合安钢冷轧连退机组实际工艺流程,以安钢冷轧1 550 mm连退机组退火炉为研究平台,分析与研究了其炉内带钢张力,这对于薄带钢高速运行低张控制优化具有一定指导意义,可实现冷轧连退薄带钢高效化生产。

基于20辊轧机冷轧带材的后张力机制研究

重点讨论了张力机制在20辊轧机生产工艺中的作用,适宜的张力可以有效控制产品尺寸和形状,影响轧制力的大小,提升产品的表面质量和机械性能;稳定的张力调节可以减少表面缺陷和不均匀性,并影响轧制速度和冷轧温度的控制。在实验中通过改变后张力预设值,发现后张力的调节可以对工艺参数产生显著影响,进一步实现产品质量和生产效率优化。使用三位形貌轮廓仪对成品带材进行了表面粗糙度检测,发现调整后张力预设值对带材表面粗糙度有较大的影响。

张力减径张力系数对无缝钢管壁厚不均的影响

通过观察内孔形状及测量壁厚对无缝钢管壁厚精度情况进行研究;采用电子扫描显微镜对合金微观组织进行分析。结果表明:张力减径过程中采用大张力系数配合等壁或减壁方式进行轧制,可有效改善无缝钢管壁厚的均匀性,提高壁厚精度。采用大张力系数进行轧制的无缝钢管的组织呈现均匀分布的特征。

辊压适张处理工艺参数选择对硬质合金圆锯片动态性能的影响研究

辊压适张处理是提高硬质合金圆锯片动态性能的重要方法,为探寻辊压适张工艺对硬质合金圆锯片的动态特性的影响规律,基于ABAQUS软件建立硬质合金圆锯片的辊压仿真模型,分析了在不同辊压工艺参数下硬质合金圆锯片的适张应力、固有频率和静刚度的影响趋势,研究了辊压工艺参数的选择对硬质合金圆锯片动态性能的影响。结果表明:辊压载荷对硬质合金圆锯片的动态性能影响最大,辊压次数其次,辊压位置影响最小;仿真分析选择的辊压载荷为10~15kN,辊压位置为0.7R~0.8R,辊压次数为1。研究结果可为圆锯片选择合适的辊压适张处理工艺参数提供理论依据和技术参考。

铝带连续退火机组设计与关键设备配置

文章结合某2350 mm铝带连续退火机组,对铝带连续退火机组的主要工艺参数、机组设备组成、关键设备要点等进行论述,以达到合理方案配置。

镀锌机组张力辊打滑现象分析

冷轧热镀锌张力辊打滑现象时有发生,根据生产时遇到的张力辊打滑现象,进行了分析,总结了原因,并给出了针对性的措施,使打滑问题得到了有效的解决。

铝带碱清洗机组的电气传动控制分析

文章介绍了铝带碱清洗机组的系统组成,碱清洗机组的电气控制组成,详细分析了碱清洗机组的电气传动控制原理,为后续碱清洗机组的设计提供了参考。