Long-term effects of early antibiotic intervention on blood parameters,apparent nutrient digestibility, and fecal microbial fermentation profile in pigs with different dietary protein levels

Backgroud： This study aimed to determine the effects of early antibiotic intervention（EAI） on subsequent blood parameters, apparent nutrient digestibility, and fecal fermentation profile in pigs with different dietary crude protein（CP） levels. Eighteen litters of piglets（total 212） were randomly allocated to 2 groups and were fed a creep feed diet with or without in-feed antibiotics（olaquindox, oxytetracycline calcium and kitasamycin） from postnatal d 7 to d 42. On d 42, the piglets within the control or antibiotic group were mixed, respectively, and then further randomly assigned to a normal-（20%, 18%, and 14% CP from d 42 to d 77, d 77 to d 120, and d 120 to d 185,respectively） or a low-CP diet（16%, 14%, and 10% CP from d 42 to d 77, d 77 to d 120, and d 120 to d 185,respectively）, generating 4 groups. On d 77（short-term） and d 185（long-term）, serum and fecal samples were obtained for blood parameters, microbial composition and microbial metabolism analysis.Results： EAI increased（P 〈 0.05） albumin and glucose concentrations in low-CP diet on d 77, and increased（P 〈 0.05） urea concentration in normal-CP diet. On d 185, EAI increased（P 〈 0.05） globulin concentration in normal-CP diets, but decreased glucose concentration. For nutrient digestibility, EAI increased（P 〈 0.05）digestibility of CP on d 77. For fecal microbiota, the EAI as well as low-CP diet decreased（P 〈 0.05） E. coli count on d 77. For fecal metabolites, on d 77, EAI decreased（P 〈 0.05） total amines concentration but increased skatole concentration in low-CP diet. On d 185, the EAI increased（P 〈 0.05） putrescine and total amines concentrations in low-CP diets but reduced（P 〈 0.05） in the normal-CP diets. The low-CP diet decreased the concentrations of these compounds.Conclusions： Collectively, these results indicate that EAI has short-term effects on the blood parameters and fecal microbial fermentation profile. The effects of EAI varied between CP levels, which was characterized by the significant alteration of glucose and putrescine concentration.

LONG-TERM EFFECT OF HOMOHARRINGTONINE ON CHRONIC GRANULOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

Objective: To observe the long-term effect of homoharringtonine (HHT) on chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) and its pharmacological mechanism. Methods: 76 patients with newly diagnosed early chronic phase CGL received treatment of merely 1.5 mg/m2 daily HHT for induction remission and long-term maintenance treatment. The apoptosis rate of bone marrow CD34+ cells induced by HHT was assayed with flow cytometer. Results: 86.8% patients achieved CHR, 13.2% patients PHR and 31.8% patients got cytogenetic response in HHT treatment group, which was longer than 31 (8-54) months in hydroxyurea (HU) group (P<0.05). The effect of apoptosis induction HHT was stronger on CGL-CP patients bone marrow CD34+ cells than on normal person bone marrow CD34+ cells. Conclusion: HHT is a very effective drug for remission induction and long-term maintenance treatment in early chronic phase CGL patients.

Clinical Observation on the Improved Short-Term Effects of Anti-Tumor Purified Chinese Medicine Injection Ai-Jing for 138 Cases with Malignant Tumors

The subjects of this study were to observe the improved short-term effects of anti-tumor purified Chinese medicine injection Ai-Jing for 138 cases with malignant tumors. This was a multi-center clinical study, and a total of 138 patients included 96 males and 42 females, with the age from 60 to 76 years. Ai-Jing has obtained the Chinese invention patent since 2008 (ZL991-03528.3). A novel technique acupoint injection method was adopted. Except for lung cancer, patients with other malignant tumors were injected once every other day, 2 ml each time. A course of treatment needs 6 Ai-Jing injections, lung cancer patients need 10 - 20 Ai-Jing injections. At the same time, patients were treated with traditional medicine decoction. Due to the limited number of cases, cure rate, recovery rate and remission rate were calculated as a whole, respectively 18.12%, 44.20% and 32.15%. All the invalid patients were lung cancer, accounting for 16.67% of the patients treated with lung cancer, and the total treatment inefficiency was 6.52%. Conclusion: Chinese Medicine Injection Ai-Jing extracts the effective components of anti-cancer and tumorigenesis, and has the effects of anti-cancer and tumorigenesis, anti-inflam-matory and analgesic, and repairing body damage, with small toxic and side effects and low cost.

A LONG TERM EFFECT EVALUATION OF TOTAL HIP PROSTHETIC REPLACEMENT

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The mid-long term effect of conversion from cyclusporine to trcrolimus in patients with kidney

Objective To verify the efficacy and safety of conversion from cyclosporine ( CsA) to tacrolimus ( Tac) in renal transplant recipients. Methods The clinical data of conversion from CsA to Tac in renal transplant recipients were retrospectively analyzed. In 97 petients undergoing kidney transplantation,there were 62 cases of chronic al-

NUMERICAL STUDY OF SHORT TERM EFFECT OF SST ANOMALIES

Using a 5-layer P- o mixed coordinates primitive equations model, a process of heavy rain is simulated that occurred over the middle-and lower-reaches of the Changjiang River on July 1- 2, 1991 and numerical experiments are done of the effects of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies over different waters on the precipitation. The result has shown that the appearance of SST anomaly is followed in a short term (2 or 3 days) by. A change in the pattern of circulation as well as in precipitation to some extent.

A meta-analysis of the long-term effects of chronic pancreatitis surgical treatments： duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection versus pancreatoduodenectomy

Background Surgery is regarded as the most effective treatment to relieve pain and reduce complications in chronic pancreatitis （CP）. Two major strategies exist： duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection （DPPHR） and pancreatoduodenectomy （PD）. Many studies suggest that DPPHR offers advantages during surgery and in the short-term; however, the long-term effects have not been thoroughly investigated. We analyzed the long-term outcomes of DPPHR and PD, over follow-up times of at least 1 year, to determine the optimal surgical treatment for CP. Methods We systemically reviewed all CP surgical treatment reports, and only included randomized controlled trials （RCT） comparing DPPHR and PD, excluding unqualified studies using several pre-specified criteria. When multiple publications of a single trial were found, the most comprehensive current data were selected. Characteristics of the study populations and long-term postoperative outcome parameters were collected. The quality of the studies and data was analyzed using RevMan 4.2 software. Results Five trials were qualified for meta-analysis, with 261 participants in total （114 in the DPPHR group and 147 in the PD group）. There were no significant differences in the age, gender, or indications for surgery of each group. At the mean of 5.7-year （1-14 years） follow-up examination, DPPHR and PD resulted in equally effective pain relief, exocrine and endocrine function, and similar mortality rates （P 〉0.05）; however, DPPHR patients had improved global quality of life and weight gain, and reduced diarrhea and fatigue （P 〈0.05）. Conclusion DPPHR and PD result in equal pain relief, mortality, and pancreatic function; however, DPPHR provides superior long-term outcomes.

The Impact of Meteorological Factors on the Short-term Cumulative Effect of Air Particulate in Tianjin

In order to reveal the rapid increase mechanism of particulate concentration in short time,a notion of short-term cumulative effect of air particulate is defined as the significant increase of pollutant concentration in a short time under the condition of breeze,stable weather and constant emission caused by human being's activities. Subsequently,an index of short-term cumulative effect is established with air diffusive equation,and then the macro-scale meteorological situation and micro-scale factors of forming the short-term cumulative effect are discussed with the observation data. The macro-scale meteorological variables contain upper-level weather situations and surface weather situations. The micro-scale factors mainly include the boundary-layer height and boundary-layer stability. The analyses show that boundary-layer factors and weather variables have a significant influence on the short-term cumulative effect. The notion of short-term cumulative effect will play an important role in interpreting the severe pollution weather.

创新要素集聚对农业绿色技术进步空间溢出效应分析

基于2010—2020年中国31个省份的面板数据,采用空间杜宾模型实证分析创新要素集聚对农业绿色技术进步的空间溢出效应。研究结果表明:从全国来看,创新要素集聚对农业绿色技术进步的影响具有明显正向空间溢出效应,不仅驱动本地农业绿色技术进步,还推动邻近地区农业绿色技术进步。创新要素集聚对农业绿色技术进步的空间溢出效应以短期效应为主。从区域来看,沿海、内陆地区创新要素集聚对农业绿色技术进步具有明显空间溢出效应,而沿边地区空间溢出效应不明显。对此,可改善创新要素引入制度、优化地区间创新要素互动机制、构建区域间农业绿色技术进步成果互通平台,持续促进农业绿色技术进步,以实现农业农村可持续发展。

气道金属覆膜支架治疗恶性食管气管瘘的近期疗效和影响术后生存时间的因素分析

目的探讨气道金属覆膜支架治疗恶性食管气管瘘(MTEF)的近期疗效和术后影响生存时间的相关因素。方法回顾性分析42例MTEF行气道金属覆膜支架置入治疗患者的临床资料,评价治疗后的近期疗效和胸部影像学、炎症指标的变化,并分析支架置入治疗后影响患者生存时间的相关因素。结果42例MTEF患者气道金属覆膜支架治疗后较治疗前气促指数明显下降、KPS评分明显升高,炎症指标(白细胞计数、CRP、PCT)明显好转,胸部CT值评分明显下降,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。支架治疗后患者的中位生存时间为4.42个月,经Cox回归分析显示,肿瘤分期为Ⅳ期、术前KPS评分<50分是影响MTEF患者术后生存时间的独立危险因素。结论气道金属覆膜支架治疗MTEF近期临床疗效确切,肿瘤分期为Ⅳ期、术前KPS评分<50分是影响患者术后生存时间的独立危险因素。

宫颈癌患者根治性宫颈切除术后采用康艾注射液治疗的效果及对免疫功能的影响

目的探析根治性宫颈切除术宫颈癌患者术后采用康艾注射液治疗的效果及对免疫功能的影响。方法选取2020年4月至2021年4月河北省人民医院收治的72例宫颈癌术后患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(36例)与观察组(36例),对照组采用紫杉醇结合顺铂进行常规化疗,观察组在对照组基础上采用康艾注射液方法治疗。比较两组患者的免疫功能指标、炎症因子指标及不良反应发生率。结果观察组患者治疗后免疫指标水平高于对照组,不良反应发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-2(IL-2)水平高于对照组,白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论宫颈癌术后采用康艾注射液治疗效果显著,患者机体免疫功能指标、炎症因子指标均明显下降,可有效防止不良反应发生,近期疗效更优,临床上可借鉴及推广。

预氧化联合激活剂促进微生物长效降解土壤中烷烃的研究

微生物降解是一种修复石油污染土壤中烷烃的技术,但该技术易受环境条件影响,修复效率较低。为找到一种使土壤微生物能够长期有效降解烷烃的方法,进行了预氧化联合微生物激活剂降解土壤中烷烃的研究,其中利用芬顿反应进行预氧化,微生物激活剂由葡萄糖和乙酸共同组成。通过激活组(预氧化结合激活剂)、非激活组Ⅰ(仅添加激活剂,不进行预氧化)、非激活组Ⅱ(仅进行预氧化,不添加激活剂)和空白组4种不同处理方法,探究石油污染土壤微生物的数量、呼吸活性、种群变化对烷烃降解效果的影响。结果表明:激活组中烷烃半衰期只需64 d,比非激活组Ⅱ缩短了333 d,其烷烃降解率长期维持较高值,其中0~20 d、20~40 d和40~60 d的降解率分别为14.23%、17.93%和15.73%,且每20 d的烷烃降解量均维持在1500 mg/kg以上。然而其他3组的烷烃降解率随着时间推移而显著降低,40~60 d时烷烃降解率最高仅有5.50%。预氧化后土壤中类腐殖酸和类富里酸的荧光标准积分体积分别是土壤氧化前的2.80倍和3.82倍,预氧化促进了土壤微生物的快速增长。在添加乙酸和葡萄糖后土壤微生物被激活,激活剂的利用率分别达到88.06%和91.38%,其土壤微生物呼吸活性(以每kg土壤中微生物产生CO_(2)的物质的量计,下同)维持在5.00 mol/kg以上,而非激活组的土壤微生物呼吸活性在40~60 d时最高只达到2.12 mol/kg。此外,激活组的石油降解菌数量(以每g土壤中含有的石油降解菌数量计)在后期超过了9.00 lg(CFU/g),形成了芽孢杆菌属、不动杆菌属、微杆菌属、链霉菌属和水杆菌属5种优势菌属,而非激活组最多只形成了3种优势菌属。研究显示,微生物长效降解土壤中的烷烃主要由其呼吸活性、石油降解菌数量、优势菌属数和营养利用率驱动。研究结果为解决土壤石油污染问题提供了一种经济有效的方法。

基于购买漏斗模型的多渠道网络广告效应研究

从企业发起渠道(firm-initiated contacts,FICs)和客户发起渠道(customer-initiated contacts,CICs)两方面,探讨了不同网络广告的短期及长期效应。通过对网络广告短期效应和长期效应的综合测评,以期为企业营销合理分配广告预算提供实践指导。实证研究发现,从短期来看,FICs品牌型广告的即时效应最大,从长期来看,FICs广告有着最强的长期累积效应,特别是短信广告。FICs广告的效应持续时间比CICs广告的效应持续时间更长。CICs品牌型搜索广告在首页访问阶段产生了更高的效应,CICs通用型搜索广告在主页访问和详情页访问阶段的效应较为相近,而FICs广告能更有效地吸引客户转到特定的产品详情页面。

骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉固定对腰椎椎管狭窄伴骨质疏松患者椎间融合率的影响及其远期效果分析

目的探讨骨水泥强化椎弓根螺钉固定对腰椎椎管狭窄伴骨质疏松患者椎间融合率的影响及其远期效果。方法选取本院2019年7—12月收治的52例腰椎椎管狭窄合并骨质疏松患者,随机分为实验组和对照组,每组26例,对两组患者施行椎板减压、椎间盘摘除、椎间植骨融合、椎弓根钉内固定术治疗。实验组采用骨水泥强化椎弓根钉固定,对照组采用普通椎弓根钉固定。记录患者疗效相关评分,术后半年进行腰椎X光检查了解椎间融合情况。结果两组患者在术前及术后2周的VAS评分、JOA评分及ODI评分差异并无统计学意义(P>0.05);而术后3个月时起至术后2年的VAS评分、JOA评分及ODI评分对比具有明显差异,具有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后半年通过Bridwell标准判断两组患者的椎间融合率时也发现两者具有显著差异,实验组患者椎间融合率明显高于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论骨水泥强化椎弓根钉固定技术能有效提高椎体间植骨融合率,患者术后两年疗效令人满意,尽管目前对该技术的安全性仍有部分争议,但总的来说是利大于弊的,值得在临床上进一步推广。

尼妥珠单抗联合放化疗治疗局部晚期头颈部恶性肿瘤的临床效果

目的分析局部晚期头颈部恶性肿瘤实施尼妥珠单抗+放化疗治疗的价值。方法选取滕州市中心人民医院于2021年11月—2022年11月收治的72例局部晚期头颈部恶性肿瘤患者为研究对象,依掷骰子分为基础组和综合组,每组36例,基础组行放化疗,综合组加用尼妥珠单抗,对比两组的近远期疗效和不良反应。结果综合组的临床缓解率(58.33%),和临床控制率(88.89%)均高于基础组(30.56%、66.67%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.625、5.143,P=0.018、0.023)。随访1年后综合组生存率(80.56%)高于基础组(58.33%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组各项不良反应反应率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论放化疗时辅以尼妥珠单抗治疗不会增加不良反应,且能维持高缓解率和控制率,提升远期生存率,适用于局部晚期头颈部恶性肿瘤患者。

小数字大作用——经济和环境反馈干预对群体节能行为作用效果的现场对照实验

私人消费领域中的个体或家庭节能行为已日益受到重视,然而对于群体消费情境下的用能者而言,如何促进其主动节能还缺乏关注。为了评估信息反馈策略激励群体用户节电行为的有效性,本研究开展了一项为期18周的现场对照实验。根据节能动机的差异,实验分为3个实验组(经济型反馈组、抽象环境型反馈组、具体环境型反馈组),并设置一个无干预对照组,以评估三种干预策略促进节电行为的有效性。实验以电力系统记录的居住者的真实用电量数据为依据,运用倾向得分匹配-双重差分法,分析三种干预策略的节电效果。结果显示:经济型反馈组和具体环境型反馈组可以显著促进群体用能者主动节电。其中,经济型反馈组的节电效果最好(14.4%),其次是具体环境型反馈组(6.2%),而抽象环境型反馈组与对照组无显著差异。干预策略的长期效应检验进一步发现,随着干预停止,经济型反馈组和具体环境型反馈组的节能效果仍然存在。干预停止后,具体环境型反馈组的节电效果更好,证明了具体环境型反馈策略的长期有效性。此外,本研究还发现:群体特征异质性也会影响不同干预策略的节电效果。这些结论为如何在群体消费情境下利用反馈干预措施节约能源提供了依据和可行的建议。

经皮微创脊柱后路钉棒系统固定治疗胸腰椎骨折近远期效果观察

目的:观察胸腰椎骨折患者接受经皮微创脊柱后路钉棒系统固定治疗的近远期疗效。方法:选择2018年2月-2022年1月我院70例胸腰椎骨折患者作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组35例。对照组采用常规切开椎弓根内固定治疗,观察组采用经皮微创脊柱后路钉棒系统固定治疗,对比2组各项手术指标、术后恢复情况及并发症发生率。结果:术后观察组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间、术后引流量、术后负重时间、骨折愈合时间均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前2组患者的伤椎后凸Cobb角、伤椎前缘高度比值、伤椎后缘高度比值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后3个月及术后1年伤椎后凸Cobb角均降低,伤椎前缘高度比值、伤椎后缘高度均升高,观察组变化比对照组更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术前2组患者ODI、Harris评分、VAS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后7dVAS评分降低,术后3个月及术后1年ODI评分降低,Harris评分升高,观察组变化比对照组更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后并发症发生率为5.71%,低于对照组的25.71%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:胸腰椎骨折患者接受经皮微创脊柱后路钉棒系统固定治疗,近期疗效和远期疗效均能得到有效保障,对于促进患者腰椎指标及功能改善、缓解疼痛程度及减少并发症发生率均具有显著效果。

家庭住房负担对流动人口生育行为的影响——基于个体和流入地多层线性模型的检验

能否揭示住房负担对流动人口生育行为的影响机制是促进住房市场和人口和谐发展、提振生育的关键所在。在构建住房负担与流动人口生育行为关系模型基础上,采用能将流动人口微观个体和流入地宏观特征相联结的多层嵌套模型,检验住房负担对流动人口生育行为的影响及长期居住意愿在其中的重要作用。在此基础上,分别按结婚时间、第一胎性别将样本分组,剖析二者关系的异质规律。研究发现:住房负担加重是流动人口生育低迷的重要原因,且流入地的人均GDP会强化其对流动人口生育的抑制作用;长期居住意愿在住房负担对流动人口生育行为的影响中起到了部分中介作用,住房负担加重造成流动人口社会融入感和长期居住意愿下降,进一步加剧生育抑制效应;住房负担对流动人口生育行为的影响会随流动人口结婚时间长短、第一胎性别的不同而呈现异质性特征。

基于企业绩效视角的知识产权文本信息披露有效性研究

本文基于《知识产权相关信息披露规定》颁布这一外生冲击构建连续型DID模型,基于企业绩效视角考察知识产权文本信息披露的有效性。结果表明:在信息披露的信息效应和内损效应的影响下,《规定》颁布后企业披露的知识产权文本信息对企业绩效存在异质性影响。知识产权信息披露短期内并未给企业带来盈利能力的提升,而从长期看知识产权信息披露反映了市场对公司的良好预期。债权融资水平的降低是知识产权信息披露降低企业短期绩效的潜在机制,权益资本成本的降低是知识产权信息披露提升企业长期绩效的潜在机制。按信息类型分类分析发现,优势信息和内容信息与短期绩效的负向关系更显著,内容信息、优势信息和风险信息对长期绩效的正向影响程度依次减弱。截面分组发现,成长期和衰退期企业知识产权信息披露与短期绩效的负向关系更显著,成长期和成熟期企业知识产权信息披露与长期绩效的正向关系更显著。研究不仅证明了知识产权信息披露对企业绩效存在的差异性影响,也对政府逐步完善知识产权信息披露政策,企业更好地开展知识产权信息披露的实践活动均具有借鉴意义。

损伤混凝土结构的长期变形与力学性能研究综述

混凝土结构在服役过程中会受到复杂的环境与荷载作用,这些复杂荷载作用会使结构产生损伤,不仅会引起结构的内力重分布,还会导致结构构件的抗力性能劣化,增大结构的长期变形,带来一系列结构安全问题。现有关于混凝土结构长期变形的研究,大多以徐变为主要考察对象,较少考虑其他环境及荷载作用,对耦合作用下不同损伤的混凝土结构的长期变形规律、力学性能退化研究尚不充分。为此,梳理了损伤混凝土结构长期变形的相关研究,分别对环境侵蚀作用、循环荷载作用与复杂荷载作用下,混凝土结构的长期变形与力学性能研究进行了分析与评价,最后提出需要完善的内容和发展趋势。