Concerning the PDRA (pulse doppler radar altimeter) designing and evaluation, owing to that the specifications of PDRA should be adaptively fixed according to the ETR (earth terrain return), and that in certain stages...Concerning the PDRA (pulse doppler radar altimeter) designing and evaluation, owing to that the specifications of PDRA should be adaptively fixed according to the ETR (earth terrain return), and that in certain stages of product evaluation of PDRA which means the designations of PDRA are successful or not, the usage of ETR are indispensable, so the terrain return from spherical earth is critically important. A complete analytic derivation of the antenna shot section model of PDRA and the bright section model constrained by pulse emitted from antenna are given. Furthermore, the doppler effect mode and the earth terrain RCF (radar crossing factor) model are constructively analyzed. Then, the computing methodology on PDRA, which are used to compute the scattering power, scattering doppler spectrum, and the scattering signal, is studied. Besides, in order to check the correctness and efficiency of the algorithm, computing examples of ETR (earth terrain return) under the supposing premises are furnished. Finally, the conclusion is drawn that the models and algorithm are rational, the computational precise is satisfactory, the cost of computing time is low.展开更多
本文采用二维fractional Brown motion(f Bm)随机分形界面模拟不规则起伏地表,基于Longmire-Scott提出的土壤电参数等效模型(L-S模型),分析研究不规则起伏地表的土壤湿度对地闪回击垂直电场传播的影响。结果表明:(1)地表的不规则起伏程...本文采用二维fractional Brown motion(f Bm)随机分形界面模拟不规则起伏地表,基于Longmire-Scott提出的土壤电参数等效模型(L-S模型),分析研究不规则起伏地表的土壤湿度对地闪回击垂直电场传播的影响。结果表明:(1)地表的不规则起伏程度主要会引起垂直电场峰值的衰减和上升沿时间的滞后。随着地表不规则起伏程度的增大,垂直电场峰值衰减越明显,且波形上升沿时间增长。(2)无论地表不规则程度如何,随着土壤湿度的增大,垂直电场的衰减反而减小。(3)总的来说,地表的不规则程度越大,土壤湿度越小,垂直电场的峰值衰减越大,波头上升沿时间越长。展开更多
利用常规观测资料、地面加密自动站降水资料、多普勒天气雷达资料以及NCEP1°×1°再分析资料对2017年5月22—25日一次偏北路径冷空气影响下贵州高原北侧低涡的形成机制进行探讨。结果表明:(1)地形导致冷空气回流形成地形锢...利用常规观测资料、地面加密自动站降水资料、多普勒天气雷达资料以及NCEP1°×1°再分析资料对2017年5月22—25日一次偏北路径冷空气影响下贵州高原北侧低涡的形成机制进行探讨。结果表明:(1)地形导致冷空气回流形成地形锢囚,锢囚锋上有低涡产生,位于地面至850 h Pa的大气低层,属于暖性浅薄中-β尺度系统;(2)低涡维持2 d,降水产生在低涡中心附近,雨强不大;(3)中高层波动强迫低层涡度发展而使低涡维持;当中高层转为西北气流时,涡度发展受抑制且冷空气侵入低涡而使其减弱消亡;(4)低涡形成过程可分为地形回流、锢囚发展和减弱消亡3个阶段,与西南低涡及锋面气旋在形成机制、降水落区和强度等方面存在明显差异。展开更多
利用二维球坐标时域有限差分算法FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain),首先研究了内蒙古自治区真实地形和地球曲率对地闪回击电磁场传播的影响,然后结合真实地形和地球曲率情况下波形结果,进一步分析了测站数量和布局及脉冲到达时间...利用二维球坐标时域有限差分算法FDTD (Finite Difference Time Domain),首先研究了内蒙古自治区真实地形和地球曲率对地闪回击电磁场传播的影响,然后结合真实地形和地球曲率情况下波形结果,进一步分析了测站数量和布局及脉冲到达时间定义方法对定位精度的影响。结果显示:1)各站本身,相对不考虑曲率的光滑地面情况,真实地形和地球曲率都会引起波形峰值时间额外延迟,范围各自为2.91μs至4.50μs和0.08μs至0.92μs,且地球曲率的影响随电磁场传播距离增大而增大;2)由于地形的反射作用,各站本身考虑真实地形情况得到的磁场脉冲强度大于光滑地面情况,增大范围从24.95%至42.98%;3)使用11个站数据定位时,用10%峰值到达法定位时精度最好,误差仅42.1 m。在到达时间定义方法相同时,随着测站数量减少,实现合理定位精度越依靠定位时选取的测站布局。展开更多
文摘Concerning the PDRA (pulse doppler radar altimeter) designing and evaluation, owing to that the specifications of PDRA should be adaptively fixed according to the ETR (earth terrain return), and that in certain stages of product evaluation of PDRA which means the designations of PDRA are successful or not, the usage of ETR are indispensable, so the terrain return from spherical earth is critically important. A complete analytic derivation of the antenna shot section model of PDRA and the bright section model constrained by pulse emitted from antenna are given. Furthermore, the doppler effect mode and the earth terrain RCF (radar crossing factor) model are constructively analyzed. Then, the computing methodology on PDRA, which are used to compute the scattering power, scattering doppler spectrum, and the scattering signal, is studied. Besides, in order to check the correctness and efficiency of the algorithm, computing examples of ETR (earth terrain return) under the supposing premises are furnished. Finally, the conclusion is drawn that the models and algorithm are rational, the computational precise is satisfactory, the cost of computing time is low.
文摘本文采用二维fractional Brown motion(f Bm)随机分形界面模拟不规则起伏地表,基于Longmire-Scott提出的土壤电参数等效模型(L-S模型),分析研究不规则起伏地表的土壤湿度对地闪回击垂直电场传播的影响。结果表明:(1)地表的不规则起伏程度主要会引起垂直电场峰值的衰减和上升沿时间的滞后。随着地表不规则起伏程度的增大,垂直电场峰值衰减越明显,且波形上升沿时间增长。(2)无论地表不规则程度如何,随着土壤湿度的增大,垂直电场的衰减反而减小。(3)总的来说,地表的不规则程度越大,土壤湿度越小,垂直电场的峰值衰减越大,波头上升沿时间越长。
文摘利用常规观测资料、地面加密自动站降水资料、多普勒天气雷达资料以及NCEP1°×1°再分析资料对2017年5月22—25日一次偏北路径冷空气影响下贵州高原北侧低涡的形成机制进行探讨。结果表明:(1)地形导致冷空气回流形成地形锢囚,锢囚锋上有低涡产生,位于地面至850 h Pa的大气低层,属于暖性浅薄中-β尺度系统;(2)低涡维持2 d,降水产生在低涡中心附近,雨强不大;(3)中高层波动强迫低层涡度发展而使低涡维持;当中高层转为西北气流时,涡度发展受抑制且冷空气侵入低涡而使其减弱消亡;(4)低涡形成过程可分为地形回流、锢囚发展和减弱消亡3个阶段,与西南低涡及锋面气旋在形成机制、降水落区和强度等方面存在明显差异。