The test vector compression is a key technique to reduce IC test time and cost since the explosion of the test data of system on chip （SoC） in recent years. To reduce the bandwidth requirement between the automatic ...The test vector compression is a key technique to reduce IC test time and cost since the explosion of the test data of system on chip （SoC） in recent years. To reduce the bandwidth requirement between the automatic test equipment （ATE） and the CUT （circuit under test） effectively, a novel VSPTIDR （variable shifting prefix-tail identifier reverse） code for test stimulus data compression is designed. The encoding scheme is defined and analyzed in detail, and the decoder is presented and discussed. While the probability of 0 bits in the test set is greater than 0.92, the compression ratio from VSPTIDR code is better than the frequency-directed run-length （FDR） code, which can be proved by theoretical analysis and experiments. And the on-chip area overhead of VSPTIDR decoder is about 15.75 % less than the FDR decoder.展开更多
System-on-a-chips with intellectual property cores need a large volume of data for testing. The large volume of test data requires a large testing time and test data memory. Therefore new techniques are needed to opti...System-on-a-chips with intellectual property cores need a large volume of data for testing. The large volume of test data requires a large testing time and test data memory. Therefore new techniques are needed to optimize the test data volume, decrease the testing time, and conquer the ATE memory limitation for SOC designs. This paper presents a new compression method of testing for intellectual property core-based system-on-chip. The proposed method is based on new split- data variable length (SDV) codes that are designed using the split-options along with identification bits in a string of test data. This paper analyses the reduction of test data volume, testing time, run time, size of memory required in ATE and improvement of compression ratio. Experimental results for ISCAS 85 and ISCAS 89 Benchmark circuits show that SDV codes outperform other compression methods with the best compression ratio for test data compression. The decompression architecture for SDV codes is also presented for decoding the implementations of compressed bits. The proposed scheme shows that SDV codes are accessible to any of the variations in the input test data stream.展开更多
Test points selection for integer-coded fault wise table is a discrete optimization problem. On one hand, traditional exhaustive search method is computationally expensive. On the other hand, the space complexity of t...Test points selection for integer-coded fault wise table is a discrete optimization problem. On one hand, traditional exhaustive search method is computationally expensive. On the other hand, the space complexity of traditional exhaustive is low. A tradeoff method between the high time complexity and low space complexity is proposed. At first, a new fault-pair table is constructed based on the integer-coded fault wise table. The fault-pair table consists of two columns： one column represents fault pair and the other represents test points set that can distinguish the corresponding faults. Then, the rows are arranged in ascending order according to the cardinality of corresponding test points set. Thirdly, test points in the top rows are selected one by one until all fault pair are isolated. During the test points selection process, the rows that contain selected test points are deleted and then the dimension of fault-pair table decreases gradually. The proposed test points selection algorithm is illustrated and tested using an integercoded fault wise table derived from a real analog circuit. Computational results suggest show policies are better than the exhaustive strategy.展开更多
Recently, Tavakoli et al.proposed a self-testing scheme in the prepare-and-measure scenario, showing that self-testing is not necessarily based on entanglement and violation of a Bell inequality [Phys.Rev.A 98 062307(...Recently, Tavakoli et al.proposed a self-testing scheme in the prepare-and-measure scenario, showing that self-testing is not necessarily based on entanglement and violation of a Bell inequality [Phys.Rev.A 98 062307(2018)].They realized the self-testing of preparations and measurements in an N → 1(N ≥ 2) random access code(RAC), and provided robustness bounds in a 2 → 1 RAC.Since all N → 1 RACs with shared randomness are combinations of 2 → 1 and 3 → 1 RACs, the3 → 1 RAC is just as important as the 2 → 1 RAC.In this paper, we find a set of preparations and measurements in the3 → 1 RAC, and use them to complete the robustness self-testing analysis in the prepare-and-measure scenario.The method is robust to small but inevitable experimental errors.展开更多
Test points selection for integer-coded fault wise table is a discrete optimization problem. The global minimum set of test points can only be guaranteed by an exhaustive search which is eompurationally expensive. In ...Test points selection for integer-coded fault wise table is a discrete optimization problem. The global minimum set of test points can only be guaranteed by an exhaustive search which is eompurationally expensive. In this paper, this problem is formulated as a heuristic depth-first graph search problem at first. The graph node expanding method and rules are given. Then, rollout strategies are applied, which can be combined with the heuristic graph search algorithms, in a computationally more efficient manner than the optimal strategies, to obtain solutions superior to those using the greedy heuristic algorithms. The proposed rollout-based test points selection algorithm is illustrated and tested using an analog circuit and a set of simulated integer-coded fault wise tables. Computa- tional results are shown, which suggest that the rollout strategy policies are significantly better than other strategies.展开更多
双烟囱结构在自然风作用下存在气动干扰效应,从而诱发较大风致振动,威胁结构安全.合理计算和预测风振响应是双烟囱抗风设计的关键.以某中心距为8倍平均直径的双烟囱结构为研究对象,开展刚性模型测力和气弹模型测振风洞试验,将试验结果...双烟囱结构在自然风作用下存在气动干扰效应,从而诱发较大风致振动,威胁结构安全.合理计算和预测风振响应是双烟囱抗风设计的关键.以某中心距为8倍平均直径的双烟囱结构为研究对象,开展刚性模型测力和气弹模型测振风洞试验,将试验结果与中国规范、欧洲规范和CICIND(International Committee on Industrial Construction)规范计算值进行比较,详细研究双烟囱在不同风向角下的风致响应特性.研究结果表明:在烟囱串列布置下,迎风侧烟囱具有遮挡和干扰效应,一方面使得背风侧烟囱底部弯矩减小,另一方面使其横风向位移大于在其他风向角下的值;由于厂房的干扰效应,风振系数中国规范计算值与试验值接近;当烟囱高度超过厂房高度后,计算值较试验值偏大;对于横向响应,中国规范计算值较试验值大37.1%,欧洲规范计算值与试验值接近,仅偏小6.9%,CICIND规范计算值比试验值小17.1%.展开更多
网络语音电话(Voice over Internet Protocol,VoIP)技术在Android平台上的广泛使用为大众提供了更多的语音通信手段,对其安全性的研究,尤其是漏洞挖掘和漏洞成因的分析尤为重要。考虑到Android VoIP实现的复杂性,漏洞挖掘方法采用了模...网络语音电话(Voice over Internet Protocol,VoIP)技术在Android平台上的广泛使用为大众提供了更多的语音通信手段,对其安全性的研究,尤其是漏洞挖掘和漏洞成因的分析尤为重要。考虑到Android VoIP实现的复杂性,漏洞挖掘方法采用了模糊测试和代码审计两种方法,系统性地挖掘潜在漏洞。研究中共发现9个安全漏洞,涵盖了多种类型,且均得到厂商确认与致谢。分析表明,这些漏洞源于代码实现的复杂性和不一致性。研究结果强调了对Android VoIP安全性进行审查的必要性,为后续的安全增强提供了指导,同时也对研究中的改进方向进行了展望。展开更多
基金supported by the Shenzhen Government R&D Project under Grant No.JC200903160361A
文摘The test vector compression is a key technique to reduce IC test time and cost since the explosion of the test data of system on chip （SoC） in recent years. To reduce the bandwidth requirement between the automatic test equipment （ATE） and the CUT （circuit under test） effectively, a novel VSPTIDR （variable shifting prefix-tail identifier reverse） code for test stimulus data compression is designed. The encoding scheme is defined and analyzed in detail, and the decoder is presented and discussed. While the probability of 0 bits in the test set is greater than 0.92, the compression ratio from VSPTIDR code is better than the frequency-directed run-length （FDR） code, which can be proved by theoretical analysis and experiments. And the on-chip area overhead of VSPTIDR decoder is about 15.75 % less than the FDR decoder.
文摘System-on-a-chips with intellectual property cores need a large volume of data for testing. The large volume of test data requires a large testing time and test data memory. Therefore new techniques are needed to optimize the test data volume, decrease the testing time, and conquer the ATE memory limitation for SOC designs. This paper presents a new compression method of testing for intellectual property core-based system-on-chip. The proposed method is based on new split- data variable length (SDV) codes that are designed using the split-options along with identification bits in a string of test data. This paper analyses the reduction of test data volume, testing time, run time, size of memory required in ATE and improvement of compression ratio. Experimental results for ISCAS 85 and ISCAS 89 Benchmark circuits show that SDV codes outperform other compression methods with the best compression ratio for test data compression. The decompression architecture for SDV codes is also presented for decoding the implementations of compressed bits. The proposed scheme shows that SDV codes are accessible to any of the variations in the input test data stream.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60934002General Armament Department under Grant No.51317040102
文摘Test points selection for integer-coded fault wise table is a discrete optimization problem. On one hand, traditional exhaustive search method is computationally expensive. On the other hand, the space complexity of traditional exhaustive is low. A tradeoff method between the high time complexity and low space complexity is proposed. At first, a new fault-pair table is constructed based on the integer-coded fault wise table. The fault-pair table consists of two columns： one column represents fault pair and the other represents test points set that can distinguish the corresponding faults. Then, the rows are arranged in ascending order according to the cardinality of corresponding test points set. Thirdly, test points in the top rows are selected one by one until all fault pair are isolated. During the test points selection process, the rows that contain selected test points are deleted and then the dimension of fault-pair table decreases gradually. The proposed test points selection algorithm is illustrated and tested using an integercoded fault wise table derived from a real analog circuit. Computational results suggest show policies are better than the exhaustive strategy.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61572081,61672110,and 61671082)
文摘Recently, Tavakoli et al.proposed a self-testing scheme in the prepare-and-measure scenario, showing that self-testing is not necessarily based on entanglement and violation of a Bell inequality [Phys.Rev.A 98 062307(2018)].They realized the self-testing of preparations and measurements in an N → 1(N ≥ 2) random access code(RAC), and provided robustness bounds in a 2 → 1 RAC.Since all N → 1 RACs with shared randomness are combinations of 2 → 1 and 3 → 1 RACs, the3 → 1 RAC is just as important as the 2 → 1 RAC.In this paper, we find a set of preparations and measurements in the3 → 1 RAC, and use them to complete the robustness self-testing analysis in the prepare-and-measure scenario.The method is robust to small but inevitable experimental errors.
基金supported by Commission of Science Technology and Industry for National Defence of China under Grant No.A1420061264National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60934002General Armament Department under Grand No.51317040102)
文摘Test points selection for integer-coded fault wise table is a discrete optimization problem. The global minimum set of test points can only be guaranteed by an exhaustive search which is eompurationally expensive. In this paper, this problem is formulated as a heuristic depth-first graph search problem at first. The graph node expanding method and rules are given. Then, rollout strategies are applied, which can be combined with the heuristic graph search algorithms, in a computationally more efficient manner than the optimal strategies, to obtain solutions superior to those using the greedy heuristic algorithms. The proposed rollout-based test points selection algorithm is illustrated and tested using an analog circuit and a set of simulated integer-coded fault wise tables. Computa- tional results are shown, which suggest that the rollout strategy policies are significantly better than other strategies.
文摘双烟囱结构在自然风作用下存在气动干扰效应,从而诱发较大风致振动,威胁结构安全.合理计算和预测风振响应是双烟囱抗风设计的关键.以某中心距为8倍平均直径的双烟囱结构为研究对象,开展刚性模型测力和气弹模型测振风洞试验,将试验结果与中国规范、欧洲规范和CICIND(International Committee on Industrial Construction)规范计算值进行比较,详细研究双烟囱在不同风向角下的风致响应特性.研究结果表明:在烟囱串列布置下,迎风侧烟囱具有遮挡和干扰效应,一方面使得背风侧烟囱底部弯矩减小,另一方面使其横风向位移大于在其他风向角下的值;由于厂房的干扰效应,风振系数中国规范计算值与试验值接近;当烟囱高度超过厂房高度后,计算值较试验值偏大;对于横向响应,中国规范计算值较试验值大37.1%,欧洲规范计算值与试验值接近,仅偏小6.9%,CICIND规范计算值比试验值小17.1%.
文摘网络语音电话(Voice over Internet Protocol,VoIP)技术在Android平台上的广泛使用为大众提供了更多的语音通信手段,对其安全性的研究,尤其是漏洞挖掘和漏洞成因的分析尤为重要。考虑到Android VoIP实现的复杂性,漏洞挖掘方法采用了模糊测试和代码审计两种方法,系统性地挖掘潜在漏洞。研究中共发现9个安全漏洞,涵盖了多种类型,且均得到厂商确认与致谢。分析表明,这些漏洞源于代码实现的复杂性和不一致性。研究结果强调了对Android VoIP安全性进行审查的必要性,为后续的安全增强提供了指导,同时也对研究中的改进方向进行了展望。
