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Generating of Test Data by Harmony Search Against Genetic Algorithms
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作者 Ahmed S.Ghiduk Abdullah Alharbi 《Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing》 SCIE 2023年第4期647-665,共19页
Many search-based algorithms have been successfully applied in sev-eral software engineering activities.Genetic algorithms(GAs)are the most used in the scientific domains by scholars to solve software testing problems.... Many search-based algorithms have been successfully applied in sev-eral software engineering activities.Genetic algorithms(GAs)are the most used in the scientific domains by scholars to solve software testing problems.They imi-tate the theory of natural selection and evolution.The harmony search algorithm(HSA)is one of the most recent search algorithms in the last years.It imitates the behavior of a musician tofind the best harmony.Scholars have estimated the simi-larities and the differences between genetic algorithms and the harmony search algorithm in diverse research domains.The test data generation process represents a critical task in software validation.Unfortunately,there is no work comparing the performance of genetic algorithms and the harmony search algorithm in the test data generation process.This paper studies the similarities and the differences between genetic algorithms and the harmony search algorithm based on the ability and speed offinding the required test data.The current research performs an empirical comparison of the HSA and the GAs,and then the significance of the results is estimated using the t-Test.The study investigates the efficiency of the harmony search algorithm and the genetic algorithms according to(1)the time performance,(2)the significance of the generated test data,and(3)the adequacy of the generated test data to satisfy a given testing criterion.The results showed that the harmony search algorithm is significantly faster than the genetic algo-rithms because the t-Test showed that the p-value of the time values is 0.026<α(αis the significance level=0.05 at 95%confidence level).In contrast,there is no significant difference between the two algorithms in generating the adequate test data because the t-Test showed that the p-value of thefitness values is 0.25>α. 展开更多
关键词 Harmony search algorithm genetic algorithms test data generation
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ADVANCED FREQUENCY-DIRECTED RUN-LENTH BASED CODING SCHEME ON TEST DATA COMPRESSION FOR SYSTEM-ON-CHIP 被引量:1
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作者 张颖 吴宁 葛芬 《Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics》 EI 2012年第1期77-83,共7页
Test data compression and test resource partitioning (TRP) are essential to reduce the amount of test data in system-on-chip testing. A novel variable-to-variable-length compression codes is designed as advanced fre... Test data compression and test resource partitioning (TRP) are essential to reduce the amount of test data in system-on-chip testing. A novel variable-to-variable-length compression codes is designed as advanced fre- quency-directed run-length (AFDR) codes. Different [rom frequency-directed run-length (FDR) codes, AFDR encodes both 0- and 1-runs and uses the same codes to the equal length runs. It also modifies the codes for 00 and 11 to improve the compression performance. Experimental results for ISCAS 89 benchmark circuits show that AFDR codes achieve higher compression ratio than FDR and other compression codes. 展开更多
关键词 test data compression FDR codes test resource partitioning SYSTEM-ON-CHIP
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An Efficient Test Data Compression Technique Based on Codes
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作者 方建平 郝跃 +1 位作者 刘红侠 李康 《Journal of Semiconductors》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2005年第11期2062-2068,共7页
This paper presents a new test data compression/decompression method for SoC testing,called hybrid run length codes. The method makes a full analysis of the factors which influence test parameters:compression ratio,t... This paper presents a new test data compression/decompression method for SoC testing,called hybrid run length codes. The method makes a full analysis of the factors which influence test parameters:compression ratio,test application time, and area overhead. To improve the compression ratio, the new method is based on variable-to-variable run length codes,and a novel algorithm is proposed to reorder the test vectors and fill the unspecified bits in the pre-processing step. With a novel on-chip decoder, low test application time and low area overhead are obtained by hybrid run length codes. Finally, an experimental comparison on ISCAS 89 benchmark circuits validates the proposed method 展开更多
关键词 test data compression unspecified bits assignment system-on-a-chip test hybrid run-length codes
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Structural damage identification using test static data based on grey system theory 被引量:4
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作者 陈孝珍 朱宏平 陈传尧 《Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2005年第8期790-796,共7页
A new structural damage identification method using limited test static displacement based on grey system theory is proposed in this paper. The grey relation coefficient of displacement curvature is defined and used t... A new structural damage identification method using limited test static displacement based on grey system theory is proposed in this paper. The grey relation coefficient of displacement curvature is defined and used to locate damage in the structure, and an iterative estimation scheme for solving nonlinear optimization programming problems based on the quadratic programming technique is used to identify the damage magnitude. A numerical example of a cantilever beam with single or multiple damages is used to examine the capability of the proposed grey-theory-based method to localize and identify damages. The factors of meas-urement noise and incomplete test data are also discussed. The numerical results showed that the damage in the structure can be localized correctly through using the grey-related coefficient of displacement curvature, and the damage magnitude can be iden-tified with a high degree of accuracy, regardless of the number of measured displacement nodes. This proposed method only requires limited static test data, which is easily available in practice, and has wide applications in structural damage detection. 展开更多
关键词 Damage identification Grey relation coefficient Static test data
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Impact of elliptical boreholes on in situ stress estimation from leak-off test data 被引量:2
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作者 Hong Xue Han Shunde Yin Bernt Sigve Aadnoy 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第4期794-800,共7页
We developed an inversion technique to determine in situ stresses for elliptical boreholes of arbitrary trajectory. In this approach, borehole geometry, drilling-induced fracture information, and other available leak-... We developed an inversion technique to determine in situ stresses for elliptical boreholes of arbitrary trajectory. In this approach, borehole geometry, drilling-induced fracture information, and other available leak-off test data were used to construct a mathematical model, which was in turn applied to finding the inverse of an overdetermined system of equations.The method has been demonstrated by a case study in the Appalachian Basin, USA. The calculated horizontal stresses are in reasonable agreement with the reported regional stress study of the area, although there are no field measurement data of the studied well for direct calibration. The results also indicate that 2% of axis difference in the elliptical borehole geometry can cause a 5% difference in minimum horizontal stress calculation and a 10% difference in maximum horizontal stress calculation. 展开更多
关键词 INVERSION Leak-off test data Elliptical borehole In situ stress
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Test Case Generation from UML-Diagrams Using Genetic Algorithm 被引量:2
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作者 Rajesh Kumar Sahoo Morched Derbali +3 位作者 Houssem Jerbi Doan Van Thang P.Pavan Kumar Sipra Sahoo 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2021年第5期2321-2336,共16页
Software testing has been attracting a lot of attention for effective software development.In model driven approach,Unified Modelling Language(UML)is a conceptual modelling approach for obligations and other features ... Software testing has been attracting a lot of attention for effective software development.In model driven approach,Unified Modelling Language(UML)is a conceptual modelling approach for obligations and other features of the system in a model-driven methodology.Specialized tools interpret these models into other software artifacts such as code,test data and documentation.The generation of test cases permits the appropriate test data to be determined that have the aptitude to ascertain the requirements.This paper focuses on optimizing the test data obtained from UML activity and state chart diagrams by using Basic Genetic Algorithm(BGA).For generating the test cases,both diagrams were converted into their corresponding intermediate graphical forms namely,Activity Diagram Graph(ADG)and State Chart Diagram Graph(SCDG).Then both graphs will be combined to form a single graph called,Activity State Chart Diagram Graph(ASCDG).Both graphs were then joined to create a single graph known as the Activity State Chart Diagram Graph(ASCDG).Next,the ASCDG will be optimized using BGA to generate the test data.A case study involving a withdrawal from the automated teller machine(ATM)of a bank was employed to demonstrate the approach.The approach successfully identified defects in various ATM functions such as messaging and operation. 展开更多
关键词 Genetic algorithm generation of test data and optimization state-chart diagram activity diagram model-driven approach
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A scheme on automated test data generation and its evaluation 被引量:1
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作者 陈继锋 朱利 +1 位作者 沈钧毅 王志海 《Journal of Central South University of Technology》 EI 2006年第1期87-92,共6页
By analyzing some existing test data generation methods, a new automated test data generation approach was presented. The linear predicate functions on a given path was directly used to construct a linear constrain sy... By analyzing some existing test data generation methods, a new automated test data generation approach was presented. The linear predicate functions on a given path was directly used to construct a linear constrain system for input variables. Only when the predicate function is nonlinear, does the linear arithmetic representation need to be computed. If the entire predicate functions on the given path are linear, either the desired test data or the guarantee that the path is infeasible can be gotten from the solution of the constrain system. Otherwise, the iterative refining for the input is required to obtain the desired test data. Theoretical analysis and test results show that the approach is simple and effective, and takes less computation. The scheme can also be used to generate path-based test data for the programs with arrays and loops. 展开更多
关键词 test data generation linear constrain linear arithmetic representation
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Processing the rig test data of an air filling twin-tube shock absorber
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作者 董明明 骆振兴 赵永飞 《Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology》 EI CAS 2015年第2期201-206,共6页
A separation method is proposed to design and improve shock absorber according to the characteristics of each force. The method is validated by rig test. The force data measured during rig test is the resultant force ... A separation method is proposed to design and improve shock absorber according to the characteristics of each force. The method is validated by rig test. The force data measured during rig test is the resultant force of damping force, rebound force produced by pressed air, and friction force. Different characters of damping force, air rebound force and friction force can be applied to seperate each force from others. A massive produced air filling shock absorber is adopted for the validation. The statistic test is used to get the displacement-force curves. The data are used as the input of separation calculation. Then the tests are carried out again to obtain the force data without air rebound force. The force without air rebound is compared to the data derived from the former tests with the separation method. The result shows that this method can separate the damping force and the air elastic force. 展开更多
关键词 air filling shock absorber force-stroke curve rig test data forces separation
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MC/DC Test Data Generation Algorithm Based on Whale Genetic Algorithm 被引量:1
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作者 LIU Huiying LIU Ziyang YAN Minghui 《Instrumentation》 2022年第2期1-12,共12页
The automatic generation of test data is a key step in realizing automated testing.Most automated testing tools for unit testing only provide test case execution drivers and cannot generate test data that meets covera... The automatic generation of test data is a key step in realizing automated testing.Most automated testing tools for unit testing only provide test case execution drivers and cannot generate test data that meets coverage requirements.This paper presents an improved Whale Genetic Algorithm for generating test data re-quired for unit testing MC/DC coverage.The proposed algorithm introduces an elite retention strategy to avoid the genetic algorithm from falling into iterative degradation.At the same time,the mutation threshold of the whale algorithm is introduced to balance the global exploration and local search capabilities of the genetic al-gorithm.The threshold is dynamically adjusted according to the diversity and evolution stage of current popu-lation,which positively guides the evolution of the population.Finally,an improved crossover strategy is pro-posed to accelerate the convergence of the algorithm.The improved whale genetic algorithm is compared with genetic algorithm,whale algorithm and particle swarm algorithm on two benchmark programs.The results show that the proposed algorithm is faster for test data generation than comparison methods and can provide better coverage with fewer evaluations,and has great advantages in generating test data. 展开更多
关键词 test Data Generation MC/DC Whale Genetic Algorithm Mutation Threshold
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DAMAGE DETECTION IN BUILDINGS USING A TWO-STAGE SENSITIVITY-BASED METHOD FROM MODAL TEST DATA
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作者 ZhuHongping ChenXiaozhen ChenChuanyao 《Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica》 SCIE EI 2005年第2期150-156,共7页
Many multi-story or highrise buildings consisting of a number of identical stories are usually considered as periodic spring-mass systems. The general expressions of natural frequencies, mode shapes, slopes and curvat... Many multi-story or highrise buildings consisting of a number of identical stories are usually considered as periodic spring-mass systems. The general expressions of natural frequencies, mode shapes, slopes and curvatures of mode shapes of the periodic spring-mass system by utilizing the periodic structure theory are derived in this paper. The sensitivities of these mode parameters with respect to structural damages, which do not depend on the physical parameters of the original structures, are obtained. Based on the sensitivity analysis of these mode parameters, a two-stage method is proposed to localize and quantify damages of multi-story or highrise buildings. The slopes and curvatures of mode shapes, which are highly sensitive to local damages, are used to localize the damages. Subsequently, the limited measured natural frequencies, which have a better accuracy than the other mode parameters, are used to quantify the extent of damages within the potential damaged locations. The experimental results of a 3-story experimental building demonstrate that the single or multiple damages of buildings, either slight or severe, can be correctly localized by using only the slope or curvature of mode shape in one of the lower modes, in which the change of natural frequency is the largest, and can be accurately quantified by the limited measured natural frequencies with noise pollution. 展开更多
关键词 damage localization damage quantification sensitivity modal test data
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Block-based test data adequacy measurement criteria and test complexity metrics
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作者 陈卫东 杨建军 +1 位作者 叶澄清 潘云鹤 《Journal of Zhejiang University Science》 CSCD 2002年第1期37-41,共5页
On the basis of software testing tools we developed for programming languages, we firstly present a new control flowgraph model based on block. In view of the notion of block, we extend the traditional program\|based ... On the basis of software testing tools we developed for programming languages, we firstly present a new control flowgraph model based on block. In view of the notion of block, we extend the traditional program\|based software test data adequacy measurement criteria, and empirically analyze the subsume relation between these measurement criteria. Then, we define four test complexity metrics based on block. They are J\|complexity 0; J\|complexity 1; J\|complexity \{1+\}; J\|complexity 2. Finally, we show the Kiviat diagram that makes software quality visible. 展开更多
关键词 block NODE SEGMENT control flowgraph model test data adequacy measurement criteria test complexity metric Kiviat diagram
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An EFSM-Based Test Data Generation Approach in Model-Based Testing
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作者 Muhammad Luqman Mohd-Shafie Wan Mohd Nasir Wan Kadir +3 位作者 Muhammad Khatibsyarbini Mohd Adham Isa Israr Ghani Husni Ruslai 《Computers, Materials & Continua》 SCIE EI 2022年第6期4337-4354,共18页
Testing is an integral part of software development.Current fastpaced system developments have rendered traditional testing techniques obsolete.Therefore,automated testing techniques are needed to adapt to such system... Testing is an integral part of software development.Current fastpaced system developments have rendered traditional testing techniques obsolete.Therefore,automated testing techniques are needed to adapt to such system developments speed.Model-based testing(MBT)is a technique that uses system models to generate and execute test cases automatically.It was identified that the test data generation(TDG)in many existing model-based test case generation(MB-TCG)approaches were still manual.An automatic and effective TDG can further reduce testing cost while detecting more faults.This study proposes an automated TDG approach in MB-TCG using the extended finite state machine model(EFSM).The proposed approach integrates MBT with combinatorial testing.The information available in an EFSM model and the boundary value analysis strategy are used to automate the domain input classifications which were done manually by the existing approach.The results showed that the proposed approach was able to detect 6.62 percent more faults than the conventionalMB-TCG but at the same time generated 43 more tests.The proposed approach effectively detects faults,but a further treatment to the generated tests such as test case prioritization should be done to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of testing. 展开更多
关键词 Model-based testing test case generation test data generation combinatorial testing extended finite state machine
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Calibration of Four Nonlinear Failure Envelopes from Triaxial Test Data and Influence of Nonlinearity on Geotechnical Computations
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作者 Amaechi J. Anyaegbunam Fidelis O. Okafor 《Geomaterials》 2021年第2期42-57,共16页
It is now recognized that many geomaterials have nonlinear failure envelopes. This non-linearity is most marked at lower stress levels, the failure envelope being of quasi-parabolic shape. It is not easy to calibrate ... It is now recognized that many geomaterials have nonlinear failure envelopes. This non-linearity is most marked at lower stress levels, the failure envelope being of quasi-parabolic shape. It is not easy to calibrate these nonlinear failure envelopes from triaxial test data. Currently only the power-type failure envelope has been studied with an established formal procedure for its determination from triaxial test data. In this paper, a simplified procedure is evolved for the development of four different types of nonlinear envelopes. These are of invaluable assistance in the evaluation of true factors of safety in problems of slope stability and correct computation of lateral earth pressure and bearing capacity. The use of the Mohr-Coulomb failure envelopes leads to an overestimation of the factors of safety and other geotechnical quantities. 展开更多
关键词 Calibration of Nonlinear Failure Envelope Triaxial test Data Modified Maksimovic Envelope Power-Type Envelope Polynomial-Type Envelope Hoek-Brown Envelope Standard Error of Estimate
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Airborne test flight of HY-2A satellite microwave scatterometer and data analysis
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作者 邹巨洪 郭茂华 +1 位作者 崔松雪 周武 《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第1期61-69,共9页
This paper introduces the background, aim, experimental design, configuration and data processing for an airborne test flight of the HY-2 Microwave scatterometer(HSCAT). The aim was to evaluate HSCAT performance and a... This paper introduces the background, aim, experimental design, configuration and data processing for an airborne test flight of the HY-2 Microwave scatterometer(HSCAT). The aim was to evaluate HSCAT performance and a developed data processing algorithm for the HSCAT before launch. There were three test flights of the scatterometer, on January 15, 18 and 22, 2010, over the South China Sea near Lingshui, Hainan. The test flights successfully generated simultaneous airborne scatterometer normalized radar cross section(NRCS), ASCAT wind, and ship-borne-measured wind datasets, which were used to analyze HSCAT performance. Azimuthal dependence of the NRCS relative to the wind direction was nearly cos(2w), with NRCS minima at crosswind directions, and maxima near upwind and downwind. The NRCS also showed a small difference between upwind and downwind directions, with upwind crosssections generally larger than those downwind. The dependence of airborne scatterometer NRCS on wind direction and speed showed favorable consistency with the NASA scatterometer geophysical model function(NSCAT GMF), indicating satisfactory HSCAT performance. 展开更多
关键词 HY-2 scatterometer airborne test flight data analysis
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System-on-Chip Test Data Compression Based on Split-Data Variable Length (SDV) Code
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作者 J. Robert Theivadas V. Ranganathan J. Raja Paul Perinbam 《Circuits and Systems》 2016年第8期1213-1223,共11页
System-on-a-chips with intellectual property cores need a large volume of data for testing. The large volume of test data requires a large testing time and test data memory. Therefore new techniques are needed to opti... System-on-a-chips with intellectual property cores need a large volume of data for testing. The large volume of test data requires a large testing time and test data memory. Therefore new techniques are needed to optimize the test data volume, decrease the testing time, and conquer the ATE memory limitation for SOC designs. This paper presents a new compression method of testing for intellectual property core-based system-on-chip. The proposed method is based on new split- data variable length (SDV) codes that are designed using the split-options along with identification bits in a string of test data. This paper analyses the reduction of test data volume, testing time, run time, size of memory required in ATE and improvement of compression ratio. Experimental results for ISCAS 85 and ISCAS 89 Benchmark circuits show that SDV codes outperform other compression methods with the best compression ratio for test data compression. The decompression architecture for SDV codes is also presented for decoding the implementations of compressed bits. The proposed scheme shows that SDV codes are accessible to any of the variations in the input test data stream. 展开更多
关键词 test Data Compression SDV Codes SOC ATE Benchmark Circuits
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A Novel Variable Shifting Code for Test Compression of SoC
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作者 Xiao-Le Cui Liang Yin Jin-Xi Hong Ren-Fu Zuo Xiao-Xin Cui Wei Cheng 《Journal of Electronic Science and Technology of China》 2009年第4期375-379,共5页
The test vector compression is a key technique to reduce IC test time and cost since the explosion of the test data of system on chip (SoC) in recent years. To reduce the bandwidth requirement between the automatic ... The test vector compression is a key technique to reduce IC test time and cost since the explosion of the test data of system on chip (SoC) in recent years. To reduce the bandwidth requirement between the automatic test equipment (ATE) and the CUT (circuit under test) effectively, a novel VSPTIDR (variable shifting prefix-tail identifier reverse) code for test stimulus data compression is designed. The encoding scheme is defined and analyzed in detail, and the decoder is presented and discussed. While the probability of 0 bits in the test set is greater than 0.92, the compression ratio from VSPTIDR code is better than the frequency-directed run-length (FDR) code, which can be proved by theoretical analysis and experiments. And the on-chip area overhead of VSPTIDR decoder is about 15.75 % less than the FDR decoder. 展开更多
关键词 FDR code run-length code test data compression VSPTIDR code.
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VISUALIZATION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL DATA FIELD AND ITS APPLICATION IN MACHINE TESTING
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作者 YIN Aijun QIN Shuren TANG Baoping 《Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2006年第1期81-84,共4页
In order to realize visualization of three-dimensional data field (TDDF) in instrument, two methods of visualization of TDDF and the usual manner of quick graphic and image processing are analyzed. And how to use Op... In order to realize visualization of three-dimensional data field (TDDF) in instrument, two methods of visualization of TDDF and the usual manner of quick graphic and image processing are analyzed. And how to use OpenGL technique and the characteristic of analyzed data to construct a TDDF, the ways of reality processing and interactive processing are described. Then the medium geometric element and a related realistic model are constructed by means of the first algorithm. Models obtained for attaching the third dimension in three-dimensional data field are presented. An example for TDDF realization of machine measuring is provided. The analysis of resultant graphic indicates that the three-dimensional graphics built by the method developed is featured by good reality, fast processing and strong interaction 展开更多
关键词 Visualization in scientific computing Three-dimensional data field (TDDF) test
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Architecture and Methodology of Unit Testing Embedding Pair-Wise Mode for Small Team
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作者 Mengqing TanLi Ying Zhang Yulin Wang 《Journal of Software Engineering and Applications》 2022年第11期385-405,共21页
In this paper, the new organization for unit testing embedding pair-wise mode is proposed with the core thought focused on the cooperation of programmer and tester by “cross-testing”. The typical content of unit tes... In this paper, the new organization for unit testing embedding pair-wise mode is proposed with the core thought focused on the cooperation of programmer and tester by “cross-testing”. The typical content of unit testing for the new organizing mode should have three aspects, including self-checking, cross-testing and independent-testing. For cross-testing, executing “pair-wise” mode, mainly tackles data testing, function testing and state testing, which function testing must be done by details and state testing must be considered for completeness. With the specializing of independent-testing, it should be taken as more rigid testing without arbitrariness. Consequently, strategy and measure are addressed for data testing focusing on boundary testing and function/state testing. And organizing method of procedure and key points of tackling unit testing are investigated for the new organizing mode. In order to assess the validity of our study and approach, a series of actual examples are demonstrated for GUI software. The result indicates that the execution of unit testing for the new organizing mode is effective and applicable. 展开更多
关键词 Unit testing Organizing Architecture Pair-Wise Mode Cross-testing Data testing Function/State testing Boundary testing Small Team
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Effect of Sample Disturbance on Unconfined Compression Strength of Natural Marine Clays 被引量:15
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作者 刘汉龙 洪振舜 《海洋工程:英文版》 2003年第3期407-416,共10页
Quantitatively correcting the unconfined compressive strength for sample disturbance is an important research project in the practice of ocean engineering and geotechnical engineering. In this study, the specimens of ... Quantitatively correcting the unconfined compressive strength for sample disturbance is an important research project in the practice of ocean engineering and geotechnical engineering. In this study, the specimens of undisturbed natural marine clay obtained from the same depth at the same site were deliberately disturbed to different levels. Then, the specimens with different extents of sample disturbance were trimmed for both oedometer tests and unconfined compression tests. The degree of sample disturbance SD is obtained from the oedometer test data. The relationship between the unconfined compressive strength q u and SD is studied for investigating the effect of sample disturbance on q u. It is found that the value of q u decreases linearly with the increase in SD. Then, a simple method of correcting q u for sample disturbance is proposed. Its validity is also verified through analysis of the existing published data. 展开更多
关键词 correcting method degree of sample disturbance liquid limit natural marine clays natural water content oedometer test data unconfined compressive strength
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Initial Stable State of Ocean Floor Deposits
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作者 洪振舜 石名磊 《海洋工程:英文版》 EI 2004年第3期469-476,共8页
Extensive oedometer tests and physical tests have been conducted on remolded and reconstituted marine soils with different initial water contents and liquid limits. The oedometer test data can be well fitted with a st... Extensive oedometer tests and physical tests have been conducted on remolded and reconstituted marine soils with different initial water contents and liquid limits. The oedometer test data can be well fitted with a straight line in the bilogarithmic ln(1+ e ) ~ lg p plot. The initial effective stress corresponding to the initial void ratio is determined by extrapolation of the bilogarithmic compression line. This new way of extrapolating oedometer test data to the initial void ratio overcomes the difficulty of measuring the residual effective stress of soils in the remolded state. The initial stable compression line of ocean floor deposits under different deposition environments corresponds to the compression line at the sensitivity equal to one. This initial stable compression line obtained in this study is consistent with the available compression line at the sensitivity equal to one which is proposed based on the experimental data of remolded undrained strength and the theoretical concept of Cam clay critical state line. 展开更多
关键词 initial effective stress initial stable state initial void ratio interpretation of oedometer test data normalized initial void ratio ocean floor deposits sensitivity equal to one
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