TEM-4 Oral Test is designed for second-year English majors in China to measure their English speaking skill.In this article,the author first gave an introduction to the purpose,format and content,and scoring criteria ...TEM-4 Oral Test is designed for second-year English majors in China to measure their English speaking skill.In this article,the author first gave an introduction to the purpose,format and content,and scoring criteria and procedures of the TEM-4 Oral Test.Then she evaluated the test on the aspects of validity,reliability and backwash.Though the test is feasible at present,it still has some problems in implementation.In the second section,the author also gave some advice on the improvement of the test.展开更多
Assessment and evaluation can not only be used to test the degree of students’acquirement of knowledge but also reflect the qualities and effectiveness of teaching.This research uses SPSS24.0 to carry out the quantit...Assessment and evaluation can not only be used to test the degree of students’acquirement of knowledge but also reflect the qualities and effectiveness of teaching.This research uses SPSS24.0 to carry out the quantitative analysis of the score of a practice test of TEM 4,which provides a reference to the improvement of the TEM4 test and the enlightenment of English teaching.展开更多
The Bayesian approach is considered as the most general formulation of the state estimation for dynamic systems. However, most of the existing Bayesian estimators of stochastic hybrid systems only focus on the Markov ...The Bayesian approach is considered as the most general formulation of the state estimation for dynamic systems. However, most of the existing Bayesian estimators of stochastic hybrid systems only focus on the Markov jump system, few liter- ature is related to the estimation problem of nonlinear stochastic hybrid systems with state dependent transitions. According to this problem, a new methodology which relaxes quite a restrictive as- sumption that the mode transition process must satisfy Markov properties is proposed. In this method, a general approach is presented to model the state dependent transitions, the state and output spaces are discreted into cell space which handles the nonlinearities and computationally intensive problem offline. Then maximum a posterior estimation is obtained by using the Bayesian theory. The efficacy of the estimator is illustrated by a simulated example .展开更多
In 2016, there is a reform of the TEM-4 cloze test, which changes from multiple choice cloze test toward banked cloze test. The study takes multiple choice cloze test in 2015 before reform and bank cloze test after re...In 2016, there is a reform of the TEM-4 cloze test, which changes from multiple choice cloze test toward banked cloze test. The study takes multiple choice cloze test in 2015 before reform and bank cloze test after reform in 2016 as research subjects, and research data are from true test results of 48 test-takers. The performance analysis was done by using FACETS(Version 2.7) and SPSS 19.0. This research aims at exploring the relationships between two different cloze forms and the differentiated performance of test-takers, and also testing reliability and validity of two cloze forms. Results show that multiple choice cloze test and banked cloze test have great difference on reflecting test-takers' English ability. Banked cloze test can better reflect test-takers' English ability if more items are added.展开更多
文摘TEM-4 Oral Test is designed for second-year English majors in China to measure their English speaking skill.In this article,the author first gave an introduction to the purpose,format and content,and scoring criteria and procedures of the TEM-4 Oral Test.Then she evaluated the test on the aspects of validity,reliability and backwash.Though the test is feasible at present,it still has some problems in implementation.In the second section,the author also gave some advice on the improvement of the test.
文摘Assessment and evaluation can not only be used to test the degree of students’acquirement of knowledge but also reflect the qualities and effectiveness of teaching.This research uses SPSS24.0 to carry out the quantitative analysis of the score of a practice test of TEM 4,which provides a reference to the improvement of the TEM4 test and the enlightenment of English teaching.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (6097400161104121)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (JUDCF11039)
文摘The Bayesian approach is considered as the most general formulation of the state estimation for dynamic systems. However, most of the existing Bayesian estimators of stochastic hybrid systems only focus on the Markov jump system, few liter- ature is related to the estimation problem of nonlinear stochastic hybrid systems with state dependent transitions. According to this problem, a new methodology which relaxes quite a restrictive as- sumption that the mode transition process must satisfy Markov properties is proposed. In this method, a general approach is presented to model the state dependent transitions, the state and output spaces are discreted into cell space which handles the nonlinearities and computationally intensive problem offline. Then maximum a posterior estimation is obtained by using the Bayesian theory. The efficacy of the estimator is illustrated by a simulated example .
文摘In 2016, there is a reform of the TEM-4 cloze test, which changes from multiple choice cloze test toward banked cloze test. The study takes multiple choice cloze test in 2015 before reform and bank cloze test after reform in 2016 as research subjects, and research data are from true test results of 48 test-takers. The performance analysis was done by using FACETS(Version 2.7) and SPSS 19.0. This research aims at exploring the relationships between two different cloze forms and the differentiated performance of test-takers, and also testing reliability and validity of two cloze forms. Results show that multiple choice cloze test and banked cloze test have great difference on reflecting test-takers' English ability. Banked cloze test can better reflect test-takers' English ability if more items are added.
