Hybrid Model Testing Technique for Deep-Sea Platforms Based on Equivalent Water Depth Truncation

In this paper, an inner turret moored FPSO which works in the water of 320 m depth, is selected to study the socalled ＂passively-truncated ＋ numerical-simulation＂ type of hybrid model testing technique while the tnmcated water depth is 160 m and the model scale ）, = 80. During the investigation, the optimization design of the equivalent-depth truncated system is performed by using the similarity of the static characteristics between the truncated system and the full depth one as the objective function. According to the truncated system, the corresponding physical test model is made. By adopting the coupling time domain simulation method, the tnmcated system model test is numerically reconstructed to carefully verify the computer simulation software and to adjust the corresponding hydrodynamic parameters. Based on the above work, the numerical extrapolation to the full depth system is performed by using the verified computer software and the adjusted hydrodyrmmic parameters. The full depth system model test is then performed in the basin and the results are compared with those from the numerical extrapolation. At last, the implementation procedure and the key technique of the hybrid model testing of the deep-sea platforms are summarized and printed. Through the above investigations, some beneficial conclusions are presented.

A Parallel Hybrid Testing Technique for Tri-Programming Model-Based Software Systems

Recently,researchers have shown increasing interest in combining more than one programming model into systems running on high performance computing systems(HPCs)to achieve exascale by applying parallelism at multiple levels.Combining different programming paradigms,such as Message Passing Interface(MPI),Open Multiple Processing(OpenMP),and Open Accelerators(OpenACC),can increase computation speed and improve performance.During the integration of multiple models,the probability of runtime errors increases,making their detection difficult,especially in the absence of testing techniques that can detect these errors.Numerous studies have been conducted to identify these errors,but no technique exists for detecting errors in three-level programming models.Despite the increasing research that integrates the three programming models,MPI,OpenMP,and OpenACC,a testing technology to detect runtime errors,such as deadlocks and race conditions,which can arise from this integration has not been developed.Therefore,this paper begins with a definition and explanation of runtime errors that result fromintegrating the three programming models that compilers cannot detect.For the first time,this paper presents a classification of operational errors that can result from the integration of the three models.This paper also proposes a parallel hybrid testing technique for detecting runtime errors in systems built in the C++programming language that uses the triple programming models MPI,OpenMP,and OpenACC.This hybrid technology combines static technology and dynamic technology,given that some errors can be detected using static techniques,whereas others can be detected using dynamic technology.The hybrid technique can detect more errors because it combines two distinct technologies.The proposed static technology detects a wide range of error types in less time,whereas a portion of the potential errors that may or may not occur depending on the 4502 CMC,2023,vol.74,no.2 operating environment are left to the dynamic technology,which completes the validation.

Big Data Testing Techniques:Taxonomy,Challenges and Future Trends

Big Data is reforming many industrial domains by providing decision support through analyzing large data volumes.Big Data testing aims to ensure that Big Data systems run smoothly and error-free while maintaining the performance and quality of data.However,because of the diversity and complexity of data,testing Big Data is challenging.Though numerous research efforts deal with Big Data testing,a comprehensive review to address testing techniques and challenges of BigData is not available as yet.Therefore,we have systematically reviewed the Big Data testing techniques’evidence occurring in the period 2010–2021.This paper discusses testing data processing by highlighting the techniques used in every processing phase.Furthermore,we discuss the challenges and future directions.Our findings show that diverse functional,non-functional and combined(functional and non-functional)testing techniques have been used to solve specific problems related to Big Data.At the same time,most of the testing challenges have been faced during the MapReduce validation phase.In addition,the combinatorial testing technique is one of the most applied techniques in combination with other techniques(i.e.,random testing,mutation testing,input space partitioning and equivalence testing)to find various functional faults through Big Data testing.

STUDY ON TESTING TECHNIQUE FOR MEASUREMENT OF FATIGUE－CREEP INTERACTION RESISTANCE

By using dropped stress creep method a new testing technique for measurement of the fa-tigue-creep interaction resistance is developed. At varied adjusted mean stresses the creep testingwas performed repeatedly When an unlimited extensive incubation period with zero creep rate oc-curred. the stress cavsing zero creep rate is defined as fatigue-creep resistance. The developped test-ing technique was used to measure the fatigue-creep resistance in F anc C regions. The dynamic ef-fective stress could yield a better descrption of fatigue and creep interaction. The fatigue-creep rateequations with varied exponents inF of C region are established. The different deformation mecha-nisms in F or C regions are indicated

A Smart Substation Field Secondary Device Testing Technique Based on Recurrence Principle

According to the demand of substation secondary device dynamic performance testing, a smart substation field testing technique based on recurrence principle is proposed in the paper, and the characteristics of smart substation secondary device digitization and information sharing are used by the technique. The principle of testing technique is as follow: the digital simulation model is constructed on the basis of the substation’s actual construction, then the simulating data highly similar to substation’s actual electric quantity transient process is generated, at last, the substation digital secondary device can be tested by using data “recurrence” technique. The testing technique is verified and applied by constructing testing system, the application results show that the technique can effectively perform field test on the dynamic performance of digital secondary device, and the technique has good engineering implementation and application value.

Review of transparent soil model testing technique for underground construction:Ground visualization and result digitalization

In geotechnical engineering,the transparent soil(also called transparent media)technique is an effective tool for conducting experimental tests and investigating the displacement characteristics and stress distribution of soils.It plays a vital role in the observation of internal soil deformations.This study aims to briefly review the current state of some of the common materials used to formulate transparent soil models and the application of the transparent soil technique to underground construction over the last 20 years.To this end,the basic concepts of transparent soils are introduced.Then,several representative applications of transparent soil in underground construction(i.e.,soil deformations induced by the penetration of pile foundations,tunnel excavation-induced movements,and structural responses caused by braced excavations)are presented.Because some research gaps may exist,certain potential research topics are proposed.This review can serve as a guideline for researchers performing experiments using transparent soils.

Substructure hybrid testing of reinforced concrete shear wall structure using a domain overlapping technique

An online hybrid test was carried out on a 40-story 120-m high concrete shear wall structure. The structure was divided into two substructures whereby a physical model of the bottom three stories was tested in the laboratory and the upper 37 stories were simulated numerically using ABAQUS. An overlapping domain method was employed for the bottom three stories to ensure the validity of the boundary conditions of the superstructure. Mixed control was adopted in the test. Displacement control was used to apply the horizontal displacement, while two controlled force actuators were applied to simulate the overturning moment, which is very large and cannot be ignored in the substructure hybrid test of high-rise buildings. A series of tests with earthquake sources of sequentially increasing intensities were carried out. The test results indicate that the proposed hybrid test method is a solution to reproduce the seismic response of high-rise concrete shear wall buildings. The seismic performance of the tested precast high-rise building satisfies the requirements of the Chinese seismic design code.

SPECTRAL TECHNIQUES FOR OFF-LINE TESTING AND DIAGNOSIS OF COMPUTER SYSTEMS

In this paper we present some of our recent results on applications of spectral techniques over finite fields to the problems of testing and diagnosis of computer systems.

Advances in DUS Test Technique for Coconut

As great progress has been made in the field of protection of new plant varieties, more attention is paid to the standardization of DUS(Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability) test procedure. For further studies of tropical plants as their importance in agriculture and germplasm, protection of coconut becomes more significant and thus DUS test technique of coconut is needed. In this essay, we analyzed the status quo of the DUS test guidelines by International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants(UPOV proj.3) and national DUS test guidelines in China, and provided some suggestions or promotions for improving the guidelines of DUS test in coconut.

Application of Filming Technique in the DUS Test for PVP Information

As the great progress has appeared in the field of protection of new varieties of plants, the standardization of the DUS （Distinctness, Uniformity, Stability） test procedure has become more important. However, the specification of filming technique plays an important role in the DUS test of new varieties of plants. In this paper, we analyzed the status quo and significance of the application of filming technique in the PVP （Plant Variety Protection） system, and provided an introduction about the application of filming technique in DUS test in China.

Improving Listening Teaching by Means of Classroom Listening Testing

This paper subscribes to the view that the classroom listening test can improve the teaching listening. It can motivate a student. By analyzing the test result, the teacher can check whether and to what degree the educational program has achieved what it set out to achieve, or how much the learners have learned what they were supposed to learn. Some effective listening tests are given to help the teacher improve the teaching method in which the teacher focus much on the process of listening, little on the product. The teacher can teach the skill rather than simply practise the listening.

Intravenous Contrast Material Administration at High-pitch Dual-source CT Coronary Angiography: Bolus-tracking Technique with Shortened Time of Respiratory Instruction Versus Test Bolus Technique

Objective To investigate the feasibility of acquiring the similar homogeneous enhancement using bolus-tracking techniques with shortened respiratory time in prospectively electrocardiogram-gated high-pitch spiral acquisition mode (Flash mode) coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) compared with test bolus technique. Methods One hundred and eighty-four consecutive patients with mean heart rate ≤65 beats per minute undergoing CCTA were prospectively included in this study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in the group A (n=92) instructed to shorten respiratory time received CCTA using bolus-tracking technique with high-pitch spiral acquisition mode (Flash mode), while those in the group B (n=92) underwent CCTA with test bolus technique. The attenuation in the ascending aorta, image noise, contrast-to-noise ratio and radiation doses of the two groups were assessed. Results There were no significant differences in the mean attenuation values in the ascending aorta (483.18±59.07 HU vs. 498.7±83.51 HU, P=0.183), image noise (21.4±4.5 HU vs. 20.9±4.3 HU, P=0.414), contrast-to-noise ratio (12.1±4.2 vs. 13.8±5.1, P=0.31) between the groups A and B. There were no significant differences in the radiation dose of dynamic monitoring scans (0.056±0.026 mSv vs. 0.062±0.018 mSv, P=0.068) and radiation dose of angiography (0.94±0.07 mSv vs. 0.96±0.15 mSv,P=0.926) between the two groups, while 15 mL less contrast material volume was administered in the group A than the group B. Conclusion Bolus-tracking technique with shortened time of respiratory in Flash mode of dual-source CT yields the similar homogeneous enhancement with less contrast material in comparison to the test bolus technique.

Site testing campaign for the Large Optical/infrared Telescope of China:overview

The Large Optical/infrared Telescope(LOT)is a ground-based 12 m diameter optical/infrared telescope which is proposed to be built in the western part of China in the next decade.Based on satellite remote sensing data,along with geographical,logistical and political considerations,three candidate sites were chosen for ground-based astronomical performance monitoring.These sites include:Ali in Tibet,Daocheng in Sichuan and Muztagh-ata in Xinjiang.Up until now,all three sites have continuously collected data for two years.In this paper,we will introduce this site testing campaign,and present its monitoring results obtained during the period between March 2017 and March 2019.

Research on Model Construction and Technique Support for Integrated Rehabilitation of Rock Desertification in Chaoying Small Watershed of Bijie Test Area of Guizhou Province

Selecting Chaoying small watershed with representative karst rocky desertification in the Bijie test area of Guizhou Province as an example, according to karst rocky desertiflcation degree and the existing eco-environmental problems in the small watershed, we study developmental model and technique support system for integrated rehabilitation of rocky desertification in the small watershed, and bring forward the development model and technique integration for integrated rehabilitation of rocky desertification, which adapt to the karst areas of Bijie test area, Guizhou Province and even South China.

Is forced oscillation technique the next respiratory function test of choice in childhood asthma

Respiratory diseases, especially asthma, are common in children. While spirometry contributes to asthma diagnosis and management in older children, it has a limited role in younger children whom are often unable to perform forced expiratory manoeuvre. The development of novel diagnostic methods which require minimal effort, such as forced oscillation technique(FOT) is, therefore, a welcome and promising addition. FOT involves applying external, small amplitude oscillations to the respiratory system during tidal breathing. Therefore, it requires minimal effort and cooperation. The FOT has the potential to facilitate asthma diagnosis and management in preschool children by faciliting the objective measurement of baseline lung function and airway reactivity in children unable to successfully perform spirometry. Traditionally the use of FOT was limited to specialised centres. However, the availability of commercial equipment resulted in its use both in research and in clinical practice. In this article, we review the available literature on the use of FOT in childhood asthma. The technical aspects of FOT are described followed by a discussion of its practical aspects in the clinical field including the measurement of baseline lung function and associated reference ranges, bronchodilator responsiveness and bronchial hyperresponsiveness. We also highlight the difficulties and limitations that might be encountered and future research directions.

Development and Electrochemical Testing of Novel Bipolar Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries

Some aspects in the designt and development of bipolar Ni/MH battery are presented. After optimizing sealing technique and modifying capacity ratio of two adjacent electrodes in one sub-cell, some bipolar Ni/MH stacks with 6 sub-cells have been assembled and investigated. Electrochemical testing results show the bipolar battery has excellent high rate discharge capability and fast recharge ability, artd satisfactory charging efficiency in different states of charge. Moreover, the hattery also displays good stability under pulse cycles in simulating hybrid vehicle working oonditions.

基于Concolic Testing的动态Web页面测试研究

传统的软件测试技术对于动态Web程序并不完全适用,针对动态Web程序的特性,探讨适合的测试方法十分必要。文章分析了动态Web应用的特点与测试现状,简要介绍了Concolic Testing思想,并把Concolic Testing测试技术应用于Web应用动态内容页的测试,给出了具体的、具有针对性的测试算法,并以实例进行了验证。

Measurement of Ca^(2+) Flow in Cochlear Cells Using Non-Invasive Micro-Test Technique

Objective To test Calcium ion(Ca2+) flow at the head and end of outer hair cells(OHCs) in resting state and in response to Nimodipine treatment.Methods Non-invasive micro-test techniques were used to study Ca2+ in isolated OHCs in adult guinea pigs.Results Four types of Ca2+ transport were identified in OHCs on basilar membrane tissue fragments:influx at the head of with efflux at the bottom(type 1):efflux at the head of OHCs with influx at the bottom(type 2);influx at the both head and bottom(type 3);and efflux at the both head and bottom(type 4).However,only type 1 and type 3 of Ca2+ ion transport were detected in the cochlea.We propose that Ca2+ ion transport exists in adult guinea pig cochlear OHCs in resting state and is variable.Ca2 + flow in OHC can be inhibited by Nimodipine in resting state.

Status of Developers’ Testing Process

Even if recent methodologies bring more recognition to developers’ testing process, we still have little insight into its status within the industry. In this paper, we study the status of developers’ testing process at Nomadic Software. Our results show that the process is not uniformly executed. The company suffers from lack of control over the methods used, lack of formal communication on requirements, lack of static testing practice, and lack of testing process documentation.