Determine the location of a target has gained considerable interest over the past few years. The Received Signal Strength(RSS) measurements and Differential RSS(DRSS) measurements can be converted to distance or dista...Determine the location of a target has gained considerable interest over the past few years. The Received Signal Strength(RSS) measurements and Differential RSS(DRSS) measurements can be converted to distance or distance ratio estimates for constructing a set of linear equations. Based on these linear equations, a constrained weighted least Squares(CWLS) algorithm for target localization is derived. In addition, an iterative technique based on Newton's method is utilized to give a solution. The covariance and bias of the CWLS algorithm is derived using perturbation analysis. Simulation shows that the proposed estimator achieves better performance than existing algorithms with reasonable complexity.展开更多
三维基准转换广泛应用于大地测量、摄影测量、点云配准等领域,求解大角度、任意比例尺的三维基准转换参数的研究有很多。然而,当观测值中含有粗差时,得到的转换参数估值会受到不利影响甚至被严重扭曲。为处理含有粗差的大角度三维基准...三维基准转换广泛应用于大地测量、摄影测量、点云配准等领域,求解大角度、任意比例尺的三维基准转换参数的研究有很多。然而,当观测值中含有粗差时,得到的转换参数估值会受到不利影响甚至被严重扭曲。为处理含有粗差的大角度三维基准转换问题,本文首先将大角度三维基准转换问题抽象为具有等式约束的最小二乘问题(Constrained least squares, CLS),推导参数在正交约束条件下的最小二乘解。然后,将灵敏度分析方法应用到CLS问题中,研究残差加权平方和对观测值扰动的局部敏感性,并基于这些敏感度指标构造局部检验统计量,进而推导出一个适用于CLS问题的粗差探测算法。最后,为核实该算法的有效性进行了仿真与实测数据实验。实验结果表明:本文提出的基于灵敏度检验统计量的数据探测算法可以降低粗差的负面影响,得到可靠的参数估值,从而有效解决大角度三维基准转换中的粗差处理问题。展开更多
为提高风功率短期预测的准确率,提出一种基于改进灰狼算法优化加权最小二乘支持向量机(Weighted Least Squares Support Vector Machine,WLSSVM)的短期风功率预测方法。采用C-C法对风功率时间序列的嵌入维数进行了计算,根据计算结果确...为提高风功率短期预测的准确率,提出一种基于改进灰狼算法优化加权最小二乘支持向量机(Weighted Least Squares Support Vector Machine,WLSSVM)的短期风功率预测方法。采用C-C法对风功率时间序列的嵌入维数进行了计算,根据计算结果确定短期风速预测输入量与输出量的关系。利用Tent映射和参数非线性调整策略对灰狼算法进行改进,得到了优化性能更强的改进灰狼优化(Improved Grey Wolf Optimization,IGWO)算法,并利用测试函数验证了IGWO算法能够加快迭代收敛,提高计算精度。采用IGWO算法对WLSSVM的惩罚系数和核参数进行优化,建立基于IGWO-WLSSVM的短期风功率预测模型。采用某风电场春夏两个不同季节的风功率数据进行算例分析,结果表明,所提短期风功率预测结果的平均相对误差、均方根误差和最大相对误差更小,风功率预测精度和预测结果的稳定性均优于其他方法,验证了所提方法的有效性和实用性。展开更多
Two blind multiuser detection algorithms for antenna array in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system which apply the linearly constrained condition to the Least Squares Constant Modulus Algorithm (LSCMA) are prop...Two blind multiuser detection algorithms for antenna array in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system which apply the linearly constrained condition to the Least Squares Constant Modulus Algorithm (LSCMA) are proposed in this paper. One is the Linearly Constrained LSCMA (LC-LSCMA), the other is the Preprocessing LC-LSCMA (PLC-LSCMA). The two algorithms are compared with the conventional LSCMA. The results show that the two algorithms proposed in this paper are superior to the conventional LSCMA and the best one is PLC-LSCMA.展开更多
面粉吸水率是评价面粉质量和预测面制品加工特性的重要品质性状。面粉吸水率的测定主要参照国际或国家标准利用粉质仪进行,其测定方法费时费力。基于此,提出利用可见近红外光谱分析技术结合多元统计分析进行面粉吸水率快速、无损检测。...面粉吸水率是评价面粉质量和预测面制品加工特性的重要品质性状。面粉吸水率的测定主要参照国际或国家标准利用粉质仪进行,其测定方法费时费力。基于此,提出利用可见近红外光谱分析技术结合多元统计分析进行面粉吸水率快速、无损检测。参照国标法测定150份小麦面粉样品的吸水率,面粉吸水率变幅为53.10%~74.50%。利用可见近红外分析仪采集面粉样品的光谱信息,有效光谱范围为570~1100 nm。采用偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)、主成分回归(PCR)和支持向量机回归(SVR)将光谱信息和面粉吸水率进行关联,分别建立面粉吸水率的定量分析预测模型,筛选最优的建模方法。在优选的建模方法的基础上,采用竞争性自适应重加权(CARS)、区间随机蛙跳(iRF)、迭代保留信息变量(IRIV)和连续投影(SPA)算法提取特征波长,筛选最优的特征波长提取算法。基于最优的建模方法和最优的特征波长提取算法提取的特征波长,采用标准化(NL)、一阶求导(1 st Der)、基线校正(BL)、标准正态变换(SNV)和去趋势化(DT)5种光谱预处理方法对特征波长的光谱进行预处理,筛选最优的光谱预处理方法。结果表明,采用NL光谱预处理方法对CARS算法提取的24个特征波长(仅占原始波长的2.26%)的光谱进行预处理后建立的PLSR模型性能最佳,预测集相关系数(R_(p)^(2))、预测集均方根误差(RMSEP)和预测相对分析误差(RPD)分别为0.8894、1.4585和2.6413。采用CARS算法提取的特征波长所建的模型不仅能提高模型的性能,还很大程度提高模型运算效率、降低仪器制造成本和光谱仪微型化的难度,从而为面粉吸水率可见近红外无损、快速检测研究奠定了基础。展开更多
A generalized flexibility–based objective function utilized for structure damage identification is constructed for solving the constrained nonlinear least squares optimized problem. To begin with, the generalized fle...A generalized flexibility–based objective function utilized for structure damage identification is constructed for solving the constrained nonlinear least squares optimized problem. To begin with, the generalized flexibility matrix (GFM) proposed to solve the damage identification problem is recalled and a modal expansion method is introduced. Next, the objective function for iterative optimization process based on the GFM is formulated, and the Trust-Region algorithm is utilized to obtain the solution of the optimization problem for multiple damage cases. And then for computing the objective function gradient, the sensitivity analysis regarding design variables is derived. In addition, due to the spatial incompleteness, the influence of stiffness reduction and incomplete modal measurement data is discussed by means of two numerical examples with several damage cases. Finally, based on the computational results, it is evident that the presented approach provides good validity and reliability for the large and complicated engineering structures.展开更多
文摘Determine the location of a target has gained considerable interest over the past few years. The Received Signal Strength(RSS) measurements and Differential RSS(DRSS) measurements can be converted to distance or distance ratio estimates for constructing a set of linear equations. Based on these linear equations, a constrained weighted least Squares(CWLS) algorithm for target localization is derived. In addition, an iterative technique based on Newton's method is utilized to give a solution. The covariance and bias of the CWLS algorithm is derived using perturbation analysis. Simulation shows that the proposed estimator achieves better performance than existing algorithms with reasonable complexity.
文摘三维基准转换广泛应用于大地测量、摄影测量、点云配准等领域,求解大角度、任意比例尺的三维基准转换参数的研究有很多。然而,当观测值中含有粗差时,得到的转换参数估值会受到不利影响甚至被严重扭曲。为处理含有粗差的大角度三维基准转换问题,本文首先将大角度三维基准转换问题抽象为具有等式约束的最小二乘问题(Constrained least squares, CLS),推导参数在正交约束条件下的最小二乘解。然后,将灵敏度分析方法应用到CLS问题中,研究残差加权平方和对观测值扰动的局部敏感性,并基于这些敏感度指标构造局部检验统计量,进而推导出一个适用于CLS问题的粗差探测算法。最后,为核实该算法的有效性进行了仿真与实测数据实验。实验结果表明:本文提出的基于灵敏度检验统计量的数据探测算法可以降低粗差的负面影响,得到可靠的参数估值,从而有效解决大角度三维基准转换中的粗差处理问题。
文摘为提高风功率短期预测的准确率,提出一种基于改进灰狼算法优化加权最小二乘支持向量机(Weighted Least Squares Support Vector Machine,WLSSVM)的短期风功率预测方法。采用C-C法对风功率时间序列的嵌入维数进行了计算,根据计算结果确定短期风速预测输入量与输出量的关系。利用Tent映射和参数非线性调整策略对灰狼算法进行改进,得到了优化性能更强的改进灰狼优化(Improved Grey Wolf Optimization,IGWO)算法,并利用测试函数验证了IGWO算法能够加快迭代收敛,提高计算精度。采用IGWO算法对WLSSVM的惩罚系数和核参数进行优化,建立基于IGWO-WLSSVM的短期风功率预测模型。采用某风电场春夏两个不同季节的风功率数据进行算例分析,结果表明,所提短期风功率预测结果的平均相对误差、均方根误差和最大相对误差更小,风功率预测精度和预测结果的稳定性均优于其他方法,验证了所提方法的有效性和实用性。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60472104)Doctoral innovative fund of Jiangsu province (xm04-32).
文摘Two blind multiuser detection algorithms for antenna array in Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system which apply the linearly constrained condition to the Least Squares Constant Modulus Algorithm (LSCMA) are proposed in this paper. One is the Linearly Constrained LSCMA (LC-LSCMA), the other is the Preprocessing LC-LSCMA (PLC-LSCMA). The two algorithms are compared with the conventional LSCMA. The results show that the two algorithms proposed in this paper are superior to the conventional LSCMA and the best one is PLC-LSCMA.
文摘面粉吸水率是评价面粉质量和预测面制品加工特性的重要品质性状。面粉吸水率的测定主要参照国际或国家标准利用粉质仪进行,其测定方法费时费力。基于此,提出利用可见近红外光谱分析技术结合多元统计分析进行面粉吸水率快速、无损检测。参照国标法测定150份小麦面粉样品的吸水率,面粉吸水率变幅为53.10%~74.50%。利用可见近红外分析仪采集面粉样品的光谱信息,有效光谱范围为570~1100 nm。采用偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)、主成分回归(PCR)和支持向量机回归(SVR)将光谱信息和面粉吸水率进行关联,分别建立面粉吸水率的定量分析预测模型,筛选最优的建模方法。在优选的建模方法的基础上,采用竞争性自适应重加权(CARS)、区间随机蛙跳(iRF)、迭代保留信息变量(IRIV)和连续投影(SPA)算法提取特征波长,筛选最优的特征波长提取算法。基于最优的建模方法和最优的特征波长提取算法提取的特征波长,采用标准化(NL)、一阶求导(1 st Der)、基线校正(BL)、标准正态变换(SNV)和去趋势化(DT)5种光谱预处理方法对特征波长的光谱进行预处理,筛选最优的光谱预处理方法。结果表明,采用NL光谱预处理方法对CARS算法提取的24个特征波长(仅占原始波长的2.26%)的光谱进行预处理后建立的PLSR模型性能最佳,预测集相关系数(R_(p)^(2))、预测集均方根误差(RMSEP)和预测相对分析误差(RPD)分别为0.8894、1.4585和2.6413。采用CARS算法提取的特征波长所建的模型不仅能提高模型的性能,还很大程度提高模型运算效率、降低仪器制造成本和光谱仪微型化的难度,从而为面粉吸水率可见近红外无损、快速检测研究奠定了基础。
文摘A generalized flexibility–based objective function utilized for structure damage identification is constructed for solving the constrained nonlinear least squares optimized problem. To begin with, the generalized flexibility matrix (GFM) proposed to solve the damage identification problem is recalled and a modal expansion method is introduced. Next, the objective function for iterative optimization process based on the GFM is formulated, and the Trust-Region algorithm is utilized to obtain the solution of the optimization problem for multiple damage cases. And then for computing the objective function gradient, the sensitivity analysis regarding design variables is derived. In addition, due to the spatial incompleteness, the influence of stiffness reduction and incomplete modal measurement data is discussed by means of two numerical examples with several damage cases. Finally, based on the computational results, it is evident that the presented approach provides good validity and reliability for the large and complicated engineering structures.
