The L2 Motivational Self System:A Comparative Study of Secondary and University EFL Learners in China's Mainland

This study is to test Dörnyei’s L2 Motivational Self System in China's Mainland.Based on 564 questionnaire forms col⁃lected from secondary and university EFL learners,and correlation analysis,it confirms Dörnyei’s assumption that integrativeness can be interpreted as being an L2-specific facet of an L2 learner’s ideal self,and suggests that the L2 learning experience plays a more important role than the other components in influencing the amount of effort learners invest on learning English.

The Theoretically Studies and Field Testing of Self-Insulation Exterior Wall in the Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone

The energy efficiency design of the exterior wall in the buildings of the hot summer and cold winter zone of China should consider the heat prevention in summer and the heat insulation in winter. The self-insulation of the exterior?wall is a more feasible design to satisfy the energy efficiency of buildings in the?zone. However, the systematic research is urgently needed for the self-insulation of the exterior wall in the hot summer and cold winter zone of China. The paper tested the thermal performance of the common non-clay materials such as shale sintered hollow brick, sand autoclaved aerated concrete block, etc. by means of indoor experiments. The energy efficiency effect of the common materials was verified using dynamic calculation soft PKPM and several constitutions of exterior wall with different main bricks and insulation materials on the heat bridge were simulated, too. Besides, the tests of the thermal performance of exterior wall in real constructions were carried out to testify the practical effect of the recommended constitutions of exterior wall with different main bricks and insulation materials on the heat bridge. The conclusions are: the physical and thermal properties of the six non-clay wall material are better than the clay porous brick;the thermal performance of the non-clay brick can be improved obviously through the rational arrangement of the holes;shale sintered hollow brick after increasing the holes and rationalizing the hole arrangement and sand autoclaved aerated concrete block are recommended for buildings in the hot summer and cold winter area of China. The dynamic calculation results show that the thermal performances?of the non-clay materials are all satisfied with the energy efficiency;The heat transfer coefficient of the exterior wall with composition?③,?in which?the main wall was sand autoclaved aerated concrete block and the material on the heat bridge was sand autoclaved aerated concrete plate, is the smallest among the three recommended compositions.

Identification of Self-Incompatibility Genotypes in Some Sand Pears (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) by PCR-RFLP Analysis

The identification of self-incompatibility genotype （S-genotype） will be useful for selection of pollinizers and design of crossing in cultivar improvement of sand pear. This paper reported the identification of self-incompatibility genotypes of seven Chinese and two Japanese sand pear cultivars using PCR-RFLP analysis and S-RNase sequencing. The Sgenotypes of these cultivars were determined as follows： Huali 1 S1S3, Shounan S1S3, Xizilti S1S4, Qingxiang S3S7, Sanhua S2S7, Huangmi （Imamuranatsu） S1S6, Huali 2 S3S4, Baozhuli S7S33, Cangxixueli S5S15. S-RNase alleles （S1 to S9） in sand pear could be identified effectively by PCR-RFLP analysis.

Assessment of the Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with the Satisfaction Related to the Childbirth Experience

Assessment of the socio-demographic factors associated with the satisfaction is related to the childbirth experience. Objective: A mother’s satisfaction with the childbirth experience may have instant and lasting effects on her wellbeing, and on the bonding with her infant. The main aim of the study was to assess which socio-demographic factors are associated with this satisfaction. Most factors that authors agree on are: Pain intensity, personal control, self-efficacy, length of labor, method of delivery and numerous other demographic factors. Design: A cross-sectional study. Data was collected using a self-reported survey. Settings: The sample consisted of 100 women, selected from St Georges Hospital and CHU-NDS, who had to speak Arabic and had given birth in the past three days prior to interview. Methods: The multiple linear regressions and the mean test were used to assess which factors were associated with a positive childbirth experience. The Mackey childbirth satisfaction scale, three items from the Wijma delivery Expectancy/Experience questionnaire, a seven item mastery scale developed by Pearlin and Schooler and a background questionnaire were filled by women. Findings: Factors that were linked to a positive birth experience were: Higher age, multiparous women, higher education, high monthly income, unemployment, childbirth preparation, high personal control and self-efficacy, high childbirth and labor pain, fulfilled expectations, shorter period of labor and instrumented delivery. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that satisfaction with the childbirth experience is multi-dimensional with diverse factors foreseeing diverse dimensions of satisfaction.

A “Self Experience” From the Gamified Literary Cards of Shakespeare’s Work: A Midsummer Night’s Dream

Based on the gamified Literary Cards of the Shakespearean work A Midsummer Night’s Dream,we intend to observe,analyze,and verify in what ways the practices of reading and rewriting create effects of meaning,providing the subject reader/player to live an“experience of oneself”,being led to observe oneself,analyzing oneself,deciphering oneself,recognizing oneself as a domain of your own truth and,in this regard,your subjectivity can build your understanding of what sexuality is or highlight the repression of misunderstood desires.The reflection is based on Discourse Analysis of the French“line”,Foucaultian Studies and Freud-Lacanian Psychoanalysis,in which the postulates are about the historical determination of the processes of signification,considering that the senses are constructed in a singular way.It is understood that the gamification,used in Literary Cards,comprises an educational technology aimed not only at the apprehension of a dynamic and interpretive reading practice of oneself,but also as a facilitating resource for teachers to promote formal sexual education from elementary school on.

Comparison Study on Prevalence of Psychological Maltreatment and Its Relationship with Psychological Stress and Self-Esteem among School Students in Tanzania and China

Background: Childhood psychological maltreatment in the country paralyses children personal career integration, national development and achievement of plans laid in a given country. In most of the time, psychological maltreatment is masked within other form of child abuse and neglect when they co exit. Knowing the prevalence of childhood psychological maltreatment and the impact associated with trauma of psychological maltreatment synergize the existing evidence-based interventions that are applied to prevent psychological maltreatment. If it is left unattended childhood psychological maltreatment might lead to mental and psychological problems. This study investigates psychological maltreatment: prevalence and its relationship with psychological stress and self-esteem among school students in Tanzania and China. Methods: Participants were selected by multistage cluster sampling respectively in China and Tanzania. In China, participants were recruited randomly from four middle schools in two cities, Xiaogan and Ezhou. In Tanzania, participants were recruited randomly from seven secondary schools in five regions, Kilimanjaro, Tanga, Iringa, Mtwara and Dar es Salaam. Adverse Childhood Experience questionnaire (ACE), Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and Kessler psychological distress scale (K10) were used to gather data. Results: The sample consisted of 555 (55.5%) female and 445 (45.5%) male (N = 1000) of Tanzanian school students, On the other hand in China the sample size was 3193. Female students were 1650 (51.7%) as compared to male 1543 (48.3%). The average self-esteem score of student in Tanzania was (26.14% ± 7.45 std deviation) and in China was (22.12 ± 4.734 std deviation), in Tanzania male have higher 392 (55.3%) self-esteem scores as compared female 317 (44.7), while in China results showed that female have higher self-esteem 1223 (50.2%) than male 1211 (49.8%). There was a strong positive correlation between psychological maltreatment and self-esteem (r = 0.55, p −0.086, p = 0.007). Conclusion: Psychological maltreatment is prevalent in our setting and statistically significant positively affected self-esteem among Tanzanian and China adolescents and is associated with high levels of psychological distress during adolescence. Moreover, exposure to psychological maltreatment during childhood was found to be associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing psychological distress in adolescence. Urgent preventive measures aiming at reducing the incidence of childhood psychological maltreatment is necessary to lessen the incidence of low self-esteem and psychological distress among Tanzanian and China adolescents.

Twitter Sentiment at the Hospital and Patient Level as a Measure of Pediatric Patient Experience

Although pediatric cancer survival rates have improved, cancer is still the leading cause of death by disease among children in the United States. With nearly 16,000 new diagnoses each year of children having an average age of six years old, there is still much to be done to improve survival rates among children diagnosed with cancer. Additionally, clinical outcomes can be greatly improved by first understanding the patient perspective and, consequently, there is a need to understand the pediatric cancer patient experience. Interest in the analysis of patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures, including those specific to patient experience, has grown in recent years as attempts are made to understand and assess latent (i.e., unobserved) traits such as quality of life. While most traditional PRO measures involve lengthy and costly surveys that are limited in scope, posts on social media platforms are frequently lauded as more authentic, unbiased measures of patient experience. While many previous studies have utilized Twitter as a source for patient experience data that is not easily captured by traditional PROs, very few studies have examined the use of Twitter data to explore and better understand the experience of pediatric cancer patients specifically. Lexicon-based sentiment analysis of Twitter data was used both to examine the pediatric cancer patient experience as well as to compare the attitudes, perceptions, and overall impressions of individuals with St. Jude experiences to those with more general experiences. Results indicated that patients reflected on their care with more relative negativity when speaking of experiences other than St. Jude. While there were some notable differences between the two comparison groups, the sentiment of both was still mostly positive. Pediatric oncology differs greatly from adult oncological care and, thus, the proposed use of sentiment analysis with patient social media posts serving as authentic PRO data likely differentiates more between medical providers and clinical care settings when assessing adult patient experience. Despite limitations, this exploratory study suggests that Twitter can be utilized as a source for authentic, real-time patient experience data that will improve overall care and better clinical outcomes, even among the pediatric cancer patient population.

Motivations and the Second Language Learning

This paper explores a general theory of Second Language Learning.In this paper,the author tries to illustrate some thing about motivations which help us develop more effective approaches to learn a second Language.Self-confidence,experi ence of success and satisfaction,good relationships among Learners and relationships among teacher and students are believed to have a solid connection with motivation.They are also correlated with each other in the process of motivation development.

Living in the Wake of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Long-Term Oxygen Therapy

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death in the world. COPD is a progressive disease that could lead to chronic hypoxemia, which requires treatment as domiciliary Long-Term Oxygen Therapy (LTOT). There is a need for increased knowledge about self-care strategies used by individuals living with COPD and LTOT. Objective: The aim was to explore experiences and self-care strategies in patients living with both COPD and LTOT. Sample: The sample consisted of five men and five women diagnosed with COPD being prescribed LTOT for more than one year. Method: Ten interviews were undertaken and analyzed for both manifest and latent content. Results: Living with COPD and LTOT was associated with experiences of guilt although there were doubts about what had caused the lung disease. Both the lung disease and the oxygen therapy had a negative impact on their self-image. Anxiety was expressed when thoughts about the remaining time occurred. There was a constant balance between diminishing abilities and increasing restrictions related to the lung disease and the therapy. In order to compensate for arising imbalance, self-care strategies had been initiated aimed at preserving the present state of health, enabling and facilitating physical activity and promoting a positive attitude. Conclusion: The current study suggests that individuals living with COPD and LTOT are encouraged to adopt self-care strategies directed towards maintaining stability with regard to the lung disease, the oxygen therapy, physical capability and emotional reactions.

Self-experience of buried seeds at auricular points in depressive patients with sleep disorder: a qualitative research

Objective To explore the self-experience of burying seeds at auricular points in depressive patients with sleep disorder,so as to seek possible approaches to improve the quality of care.Methods Eleven patients involved in a three-week randomized controlled clinical trial were purposefully interviewed by the experienced,qualified counselor.The process of thematic analysis was applied in this study,the self-experience was discussed and recorded,transcribed,and analyzed accordingly.Results Four themes related to self-experience were extracted,these included the deficiency in relevant support,passive acceptance,distrust,expectation and further advice.Conclusion There was an urgent demand of humane care and emotional support,which might improve compliance of the treatment to some extent in terms of health education.Additionally,medical practitioners should provide the patient with comprehensive support,professional health education,as well as standardize training program for TCM operator and control the operation’s quality.

An Operational Modal Analysis Experimental Technique for Self-propelled Gun

The experimental modal analysis of the selected self-propelled gun was completed to obtain its modal frequency distribution and modes by using an operational modal analysis experimental technique.The result obtained by the method was compared with that obtained by the traditional method.It indicates that the two results are in good agreement.

A qualitative study of nurses’experiences of self-care counseling in migrant patients with heart failure

Objectives:This study aims to enhance researchers’and nurses’understanding of how to best support migrant patients with heart failure in self-care management.Previous research on self-care in heart failure patients has highlighted its importance,particularly among migrant populations.Nurses play an important role in informing and engaging patients with chronic conditions like heart failure to support their active participation in self-care.However,nurses’experiences of providing self-care counseling to migrant populations with heart failure have not been studied.Methods:A qualitative study was conducted.Nurses working with migrant patients with HF(n?13)from different types of facility in Western Sweden were interviewed between October and December 2020.Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.Results:The main theme that emerged from the interviews was the difficulty for nurses“to find balance”in self-care counseling.The nurses during self-care counseling had:“to accept challenges,”“to use creative strategies,”faced“problems related to health literacy,”and“to work according to their(the nurses’)obligations.”It was evident that nurses faced several challenges in counseling migrants in self-care,including language and cultural barriers,time resource constraints,low levels of health literacy,and experienced disharmony between the law and their professional norms.They perceived building caring relationships with their patients to be crucial to fostering health-promoting self-care processes.Conclusions:To increase self-care adherence,nurses must become more sensitive to cultural differences and adapt self-care counseling to patients’health literacy.The findings of this research support and challenge nurses in providing the best counsel to migrant patients with heart failure living in Sweden’s multi-ethnic society.Policymakers in the health care organization should act to facilitate mutual cultural understanding between all involved partners for patient-safe self-care counseling.

Reality of the Remote Wilderness―Krakauer’s Into the Wild and the Inner Desert

In Jon Krakauer’s nonfiction writing,Into the Wild(1996),away from the early 1990s’American society filled with products and information,young McCandless headed for the Alaskan Wilderness which was believed as the last frontier.This remote wilderness far beyond several designated wilderness areas in the American West was a destination of his spiritual journey.The image of the wilderness overlaps with the desert in the fourth-century hagiographic literature in terms of solitude,pure and sacred.Although the image of the wilderness is an illusion,harsh experience quite different from daily routine give McCandless a sense of reality.If his purpose of going to wildernesses was searching for“authentic self”through“bodily feelings”(Wang,361),the remote wilderness would be reckoned to have“existential authenticity”(Wang,358)which makes him feel reality.However,when the wilderness experience inspired McCandless to go back home,a sense of reality shifted from the remote wilderness to society.Into the Wild is probably not literature to praise desert solitude,rather,Krakauer focuses on the relative self among people.

Deposited sediment settlement and consolidation mechanisms

In order to study deposited sediment settlement and consolidation mechanisms, sediment settlement experiments were conducted using a settlement column. Based on the experimental results, sediment settlement stage definition, excessive pore pressure （EPP） dissipation, and consolidation constitutive equations are discussed. Three stages, including the free settlement, hindered settlement, and self-weight consolidation settlement stages, are defined. The results of this study show that sediment settlement is mainly affected by the initial sediment concentration and initial settlement height, and the interface settlement rate is linearly attenuated with time on bilogarithmic scales during the hindered settlement and self-weight consolidation settlement stages. Moreover, the deposited sediment layer in the self-weight consolidation settlement stage experiences large strains, and the settlement amount in this stage is about 32% to 59% of the initial height of deposited sediment. EPP is nonlinearly distributed in the settlement direction, and consolidation settlement is faster than EPP dissipation in the self-weight consolidation settlement stage. Consolidation constitutive equations for the hydraulic conductivity and effective stress, applicable to large-strain consolidation calculation, were also determined and fitted in the power function form.

Does Exposure to Noise Lead to Decreased Regulatory Abilities, and Increased Aggression?

Recent advances in the study of affective-cognitive regulation of aggressive behavior suggest positive correlations between poor executive capacities (ECF) and negative reactivity. If the global assumption is correct what are the likely implications of predicted relation? The central issue in present research is to verify this assumption and examine how situational characteristics can alter executive performance in adults experiencing Civil War (Syrians students living in their country or in a host country) and adults experiencing peaceful life (French students) to explore some of the consequences of those modifications for aggressive and anxious tendencies. Precisely, we expect the positive correlations between poor executive performances and high dispositional as well situational aggressive and anxious tendencies, specifically for adults exposed to warfare. In order to assess executive capacities and dispositional as well as situational aggressive and anxious tendencies, during one pilot and two comparative studies [pilot study: N = 60 female French students;first comparative study: N = 60 French and N = 60 Syrian students of both sexes (50%);second comparative study: N = 60 Syrian students of both sexes (50%) living in France] right-handed French/Arabic-speakers participants complete twice, before and after completion executive tasks (standard neuropsychological tests) under different experimental conditions (Aversive/Neutral condition), a series of aggression and anxiety questionnaires. The results provide evidence of a dispositional relationship between poor executive functioning and negative reactivity, and extend it to situational level. For all participants, it shows that increases in impulsiveness (negative emotionality and aggressive choices) due to an aversive noise (80 db) are concomitant with an inability to focus individuals’ attention on ongoing tasks, specifically in those living directly or indirectly stressful life-event.

授人以鱼和渔:仪器分析实验自主设计实验及思政元素融入

为适应现代教育理念及国家对创新型人才的需求,改革传统实验教学模式并激发学生的自主创新意识,在传统仪器分析实验教学基础上探索和构建以学生为主体、以创新能力培养为中心的自主设计实验教学模式。课程在夯实基础和拔高创新方面取得了平衡,同时拓展了课程思政的范畴,如以学生为中心的自主设计实验模式提升了学生学习主动性,课程高阶性、创新性显著提高,授课教师在更多方面以身作则,示范了严谨的科学态度,并倡导了积极的科学探索态度。通过自主设计实验的开展,学生的基础知识、学习兴趣、实验技能、创新能力等都得到了显著提升,建立了有效的仪器分析学习模式。

川藏南线自驾游客情感体验的特征与影响机制

以流动性体验为核心的旅游形式在全球化背景下日益流行。作为大尺度流动型旅游形式典型代表的长途自驾游,因冒险、追逐自由、私密、个性化、高不确定性等特征,赋予了游客独特且复杂的情感体验。目前,学界尚缺乏从更为系统的视角关注大尺度流动情境下游客情感体验的特征、前因与影响机制的实证研究。文章基于景观感知理论,采用定量研究与定性研究相结合的方法,以川藏南线(318国道成都至拉萨段)的自驾游客为研究对象,分析游客在大尺度流动情境下的情感体验特征与影响机制。文章发现:1)自驾游客的积极情感体验未达强烈水平,情感体验(尤其是积极情感体验)伴随着自驾这一流动性实践呈现出动态变化的波动特征,且涉及多个维度;2)基于自我需要满足与否、满足程度如何这一标准,自驾游客与环境的互动(包含两组类型、6类特征)促进了他们上述情感体验的产生,并通过动态反馈机制持续影响了情感体验。上述研究发现不仅完善了有关游客情感体验前因和影响机制以及自驾入藏旅游体验的实证研究体系,还为目的地的管理与营销提供了思路。

“枫桥经验”预防性法律制度建设的实践及其成效

宪法、法律在基层社会的实施,高质量的社会规范不可或缺。从多维视角、立足社会治理的“枫桥经验”预防性法律制度建设,既体现问题导向,又服务基层社会治理,追求良法善治的目标,取得了显著成效。“枫桥经验”预防性法律制度主要包括实行综合治理、追求公正效果、健全制度体系、就地化解纠纷,采取预防措施、坚持效果导向、建立预防机制、彰显预防效果,推动制度进步和完善。依法限缩公权力边界,实现基层社会治理方式规范化、治理手段柔性化、治理机制长效化,彰显了基层群众自治制度的优势。

遥控自走式雪茄植株中下层烟叶植保喷雾机设计与试验

针对雪茄烟叶在旺长期及成熟期因植株高大及叶片生长致使烟田垄间空间小,且雪茄烟叶生产对烟叶色泽及完整度要求高,田间管理要求不能损伤烟叶,导致生产中雪茄烟叶植株中下层烟叶植保困难的问题,结合烟叶植株生长特征,设计了一种遥控自走式雪茄植株中下层烟叶植保喷雾机,该装置主要包括喷雾系统、履带底盘及控制系统,可实现装置在烟田垄间遥控行走、中下层烟叶喷雾及路况可视等功能。为获取烟株生长特征,运用三维激光扫描仪对其进行扫描并建立了植株叶片田间空间分布模型;根据烟叶田间分布特征,确定装置总体结构和工作方式;结合烟叶形态特征和植保农艺要求,对喷雾系统进行了结构设计及分析,确定了参数范围;根据田间作业需求,对履带底盘进行了动力学分析,对控制系统进行了设计。开展了场地试验,利用Box-Behnken优化了喷雾系统参数,当喷雾压力为0.65 MPa、喷嘴夹角为20.4°、喷嘴孔径为0.4 mm时,经垂直雾滴分布测量仪模拟雪茄烟叶叶片层垂直方向的药液附着性能试验表明,雾滴沉积量垂直分布满足雪茄烟叶植保要求。田间试验结果表明,雪茄植株中下层烟叶正面药液覆盖率为52%~83%,背面药液覆盖率为22%~45%,可实现雪茄植株中下层烟叶药液的有效喷施。