Research on the hierarchical structure of the metropolitan system and economic development of the provincial capital urban circle in Shandong

Regional development is the trend for future urbanization,and the urban circle is a highly efficient economic spatial pattern of regional development.This study selects statistical data of urban area population,GDP,and the output value of tertiary industry for seven cities in China- Jinan,Zibo,Tai'an,Laiwu,Dezhou,Liaocheng,and Binzhou- in the Shandong provincial capital urban circle from 2005 to 2009.It uses the principles and Zipf model,rank-size rule,and Lotka logarithmic model to analyze and study the hierarchical structure of the metropolitan system and economic development of the Shandong provincial capital urban circle.Based on the above research,this paper provides references for decisionmaking on enhancement of the metropolitan system structure,improvement in core city primacy index,the optimal adjustment of industrial structure and the optimal allocation of essential resources.

Evaluation of carrying capacity of city clusters in China with the example of the Blue Economic Zone of Shandong Peninsula

The conflict between city development and urban carrying capacity is getting ever prominent.In order to study and predict the restriction factors and prominent problems in the development of the Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone as well as promote the transfer of economic development pattern in this region,this study starts from four single factor carrying capacity indicators of water,earth,transportation and environment in the city and its comprehensive carrying capacity indicator,evaluates and analyzes its carrying capacity and then papooses policy suggestions for improving its carrying capacity.

Research on the Impact of Independent R&D and Collaborative Innovation on Economic Performance in China’s pharmaceutical Industry

Objective To study the impact of independent R&D and collaborative innovation on economic performance in the pharmaceutical industry.Methods A panel regression model was established by selecting the panel data of China’s pharmaceutical industry from 2009 to 2019.Results and Conclusion Independent R&D and collaborative innovation of the pharmaceutical industry in eastern,central and western regions of China had a positive effect on economic performance.Besides,the promotion effect of independent R&D was greater than that of collaborative innovation.The positive driving effect of economic performance is the largest among the three regions,followed by the central and western regions.The collaborative innovation has the greatest positive effect on economic performance in the central region,followed by the eastern and western regions.

Potential Ecological Risks of Heavy Metals in Soils of Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone

In this research, soil samples were collected from Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone to investigate heavy metal pollutions in this region and to evaluate the potential ecological risks of heavy metal pollutants based on Hakanson Potential Ecological Risk Indexes. According to the results, Hg was the primary heavy metal pollutant in Blue Economic Zone, followed by Cd, Cu, and Pb as prevalent pollutants. Heavy metals ranked in order of their pollution degrees are: Hg>Cd>Cu>Pb>Zn>Cr>As;the potential ecological risks of heavy metals follow the order of Hg>Cd>As>Pb>Cu>Cr>Zn. Heavy metal pollutions did exist in this region to a certain extent, and the percentage of potential ecological risk in “strong” and “severe” degree reached up to 13.75%. This composite risk characteristic was subject to the restriction of Hg and Cd mainly distributed in Laizhou-Zhaoyuan- Yantai, Muping-Rushan Goldmine, and other densely-populated regions, threatening the safety production of crops. The combined effects of geological background and human activities, e.g. gold mining and domestic pollutants, were the main causes of high potential ecological risks of heavy metals in local environment.

Economic Periodicity Analysis of Shandong Province

The paper analyses the periodical characteristics of the economic development of Shandong Province by using the mini- mum variation analysis model.The analysis shows that the eco- nomic development process of Shandong Province has short, medium and long cycles respectively for 6,12,19 years,and the fluctuation of the economic development becomes gentler with time passing by.The fluctuation of macro-control policy,invest- ment and consumption are the main reasons of the economic fluc- tuation.

Regional Study on Economical Supporting Capacity of Land Resources in Shandong Province

Taking the land resources of 17 cities in Shandong Province as the basic data, the article studied on the economical supporting capacity of land resources in terms of the effect of land on economy. The author classified 17 cities of Shandong Province into four types according to the economical supporting capacity of land resources by quantitatively estimating the evaluation indices of the total amount of land resources, the potential of urban and other nonagricultural land, and the integrated economical sup- porting capacity of land resources, etc. The author proposes the questions requiring further study at the end of this article.

Developing Integrated Collective Bargaining System in a Bi National Organization:The Case of the Tanzania Zambia Railway Authority(TAZARA)

The Tanzania Zambia Railway stretches 1,860 kilometers from the East African Indian Ocean port of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania to New Kapiri-Mposhi in land locked Zambia.It is defined as a bi-national organization as opposed to either transnational or multinational because it is jointly owned and managed by the Governments of Tanzania and Zambia.Its construction was made possible by Chinese interest-free loan to the two Governments.Few development projects in Africa have been charged with as much political and ideological dynamite as Tanzania Zambia Railway.To the Western powers,angry that the Chinese had entered territory which they considered their own preserve,it was a Red Railway intended to thrust communism into the very heart of Africa.For the white regimes in Southern Africa,grimly attempting to hold back demands for majority rule,it was seen as Africa’s Ho Chi Minh Trail,carrying guerrilla further,armed with Chinese thoughts and weapons to the banks of the Zambezi River.The Chinese regarded the project as a Friendship Route to strengthen the new African states against the forces of imperialism and for Tanzania and Zambia it was a Freedom Railway,which should prove an instrument in increasing their independence.These reactions underpin not only the complexity of the establishment and management of a bi-national organization but also present challenges to the two national trade unions on how best they can represent their members.Industrial relations literature has cited differences in countries’historical,social,political,economic,and ideological background as the main obstacles in the development of collective bargaining machinery in transnational or multinational organizations.A study in Tanzania Zambia Railway Authority has attempted to develop an integrated bi-national collective bargaining machinery whose collective agreements are likely to be legally enforceable in their respective countries.This paper explores the development of trade unions in both Tanzania and Zambia which can be divided in three phases:first,the construction phase;second,the consolidation phase;and the third and final phase,trade union liberalization and political pluralism which covers the development of a bi national collective bargaining model with its Joint Industrial Council structure and negotiation procedures.The paper compares and contrasts trade union development in the two contracting states and critically examines how each phase has influenced trade union development.It provides a brief historical outline of collective bargaining process and spells out advantages and limitations of bi-national collective bargaining machinery.The paper concludes by observing that one of the main objectives of regional groupings is economic integration and suggests that integrated collective bargaining machinery be adopted as an ideal industrial relations model for regional groupings such as the African Union(AU),Southern African Development Community(SADC),Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa(COMESA),Economic Community for West African States(ECOWAS),Eastern African Community,and other regional groupings around the world since it localizes industrial relations function in general and collective bargaining in particular.

Optimization and competition promotion of industrial structure in Blue Shandong Peninsula Economic Zone

Blue economic zone is a typical regional economic mode,which is specially characterized by marine economy and has multiple economic types coexisting and interacting through integrating marine and land resources.With the continuous progress of science and technology,marine economy as a strategy to promote economic development is approved in many countries.The Blue Shandong Peninsula Economic Zone(BSPEZ) reflects the local demands of economic development,and its upgrading and enhancing competitiveness of the industrial structure is also of obvious significance for enhancement of the development of eastern China and the national marine economy.This paper thinks that the BSPEZ has many advantages,such as unique marine economy,growing high-tech industries,more and more mature industrial system,advancing technological innovation,and outstanding big enterprises,large projects and regional bright brands,but it is also facing problems of low industry cluster,similar industrial structure with each other,still weak technological innovation.So we put forwards the basic approaches to upgrade and enhance the industrial structure:transforming and upgrading the traditional marine industries with advantages,accelerating the development of new marine industries and high-tech industries,integrating marine and land industry,and promoting the rational system arrangements.

Study on Potential Problems of Shandong Economic Forest Construction and Standardization Construction Scheme

Shandong is a culturally powerful province with excellent natural geographical condition and the warm temperate monsoon climate creates abundant benefits to the agricultural development there.In 2009,Shandong administration bureau of Yellow River economic development held the forum on related issues of national new countryside industry office planning to build economic forest base around the Yellow River in Shandong.The primary intention was settled and the construction of Shandong Economic Forest was formally started.Although impressive progress has been achieved in recent years,there also exists potential problems in the construction of economic forest,among which heavy metal pollution and soil acidification are the worst,causing huge damage to the physiological health of the consumers of economic forest.The writer proposes the countermeasures against standardization construction of economic forest.Scientific management is to be adopted to improve the professional skills of the employees in economic forest and brand innovation should be emphasized to quicken the quality certification of the products of economic forest.Besides,standard production demonstration is to be created and promoted in order to boost scale development.Furthermore,mechanism innovation is also to be stressed and forestry specialized cooperation organizations should be largely supported.

The Relationship Analysis between The Economic Growth and The Industrial Structure in Shandong Province

There is a close relationship between the economic growth and the transformation of industrial structure.This paper states the current situation of the economic growth and the industrial structure in Shandong Province,and analyses the relationship between them.Finally it proposes countermeasures which can help achieve a coordinated development of the economic growth and the industrial structure in Shandong Province.

Evaluation of coordinated development of regional resources and economy around Shandong Peninsula urban agglomerations

Promoting coordinated development of resources and environment is an important aspect of building a harmonious society and ecologically sustainable civilization. Here we provide scientific basis to promote the development of ecologically sensitive civilization, via a mathematical statistics method that calculates the degree of coordinated development. This model is of great practical and social significance, providing strength to research around coordinated development of resources and economy. Based on evaluation of characteristics of the present resource environment and economic development of Shandong Peninsula city group, a coordinated measure of resource environment and economic development was calculated. Overall, the highest coordination measurement was found for Weihai, followed by Yantai, Qingdao, Ji'nan, Weifang, Rizhao, Zibo and Dongying. According to evaluation results of coordination measures for each city, we put forward suggestions for sustainable development of Shandong Peninsula region.

THE ROLE OF PORTCITIES OF THE WESTERN YELLOW SEA IN THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT OF RELEVANT REGIONS

Portcities of the westem Yellow Sea in recent years have made a rapid growth in terms of annual throughput of major ports and GDP of cities concemed.Owing to the great demands of the Yellow River Basin for convenient gateway to the outside world, urgent need for further co-operation among Northeast Asian countries and opportunities brought by the formation of a new Euro-Asia Continental Bridge, it is predicted that an urban belt including five major municipalities could be formed in the next century This paper made an overall analysis on geographical backgrounds and influencing factors.

Energy and water saving of thermal power plant

The average coal consumption of thermal power plants inShandong Provincial Grid was reduced from 449 g(standardcoal)/kWh in 1979 to 389 g(standard coal)/kWh in 1989,as inrecent ten years,the thermal power plants of Shandong Provinceadopted the method of constructing large scale generating units andimproving the economic performance of old generation units,mean-while the other technical and economical targets also were improvedsignificantly.For instance,the electric energy consumption rate

China's Fumiture Industry——How to Deal with Foreign Teehnical Barriers to Trade in the Global Economic Crisis

At present,the global economic crisiscontinues to spread across the world.Theeconomies of all countries are sliding into aslump,trade protectionism is gaining ground,andexport orders have declined substantially for productprocessing and trading enterprises.Chinesefurniture companies are suffering from certainnegative impacts.China,as a large furniture producer,should draw lessons from this global economiccrisis.Furniture companies should enhancetheir capabilities of independent innovation andbrand building,increase product quality,and addvalue.In order to reduce losses from foreign technicalbarriers to trade,relevant departmentsshould strengthen their ability to respond to foreigntechnical regulation,standard,conformity assessment,inspection,and quarantine.Because agreat variety of environmental regulations areemerging endlessly,furniture companies must doa good job of producing green label certificationand actively respond to green trade barriers.

Shandong Xinmou International (Group) Corporation

The Shandong Xinmou International (Group) Corporation (SXIC) is a comprehensive, multi-industrial conglomerates set up by Xinmouli Village, Ninghai Town, Mouping County. Authorized by the then Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade to handle import and export trade independently, the eorporation owns over 80 enterprises involving the textile,

面向电力现货市场的独立储能经济性分析与容量补偿机制探索

新型储能技术的快速进步为提升电力系统灵活性提供了更多技术选择,也为构建竞争性灵活资源市场提供了条件。国外部分独立系统运营商为适应储能物理特性,在能量市场、辅助服务市场、容量市场、输电资产方面做了机制探索;国内一系列电力体制改革文件强调探索容量补偿机制以鼓励新型储能投资建设,但国家层面尚未出台针对新型储能的容量补偿政策。结合主流新型储能技术经济参数与国内典型地区现货市场价格曲线,测算了现货市场环境下各类新型储能经济性差异与未来趋势,并基于国内外容量补偿机制经验与研究成果,研究不同容量补偿机制情景下容量电价对提升新型储能经济性的作用。研究发现,以锂电池为代表的新型储能已开始显现相对于抽水蓄能的经济性,赋予新型储能独立市场地位,鼓励其参与电力现货市场,有助于降低新能源发电系统消纳成本。然而,目前新型储能参与电力现货市场仍面临阻碍,为此在容量补偿、现货与辅助服务市场建设等方面给出了政策建议。

关于新质生产力的理论

新质生产力是马克思生产力理论的继承与创新,也是中国特色社会主义实践的提炼总结与升华。本文在总结马克思生产力理论的基础上,对新质生产力的理论来源和基本内涵进行了学理阐释。发展新质生产力是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的关键所在,是为了引领数字文明时代的工业革命,是为了更好地满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要。新质生产力这一全新范畴,是习近平经济思想的重要组成部分,是马克思生产力理论的创新性发展,是中国经济学自主知识体系的重要创新。

薛暮桥的山东实践对中国式现代化早期探索的贡献研究

在新民主主义革命时期,山东革命根据地的经济实践构成了中国式现代化早期探索的典型案例。山东革命根据地的经济奇迹,离不开中共山东地方党组织的英明领导和薛暮桥等老一辈革命家的艰苦奋斗。薛暮桥是中国式现代化早期探索的代表人物,他在山东革命根据地经济实践的特点主要表现为:以人民为中心,坚持独立自主,坚持共同富裕,坚持公私兼顾,坚持国内外贸易相结合,尊重市场及各地差异。薛暮桥在山东革命根据地的经济实践,成为中国式现代化早期探索的重要内容,并对中国式现代化早期起步作出了重要的历史贡献。

中国自主的数字贸易知识体系建构——以西方经典理论为参照系的比较

数字贸易的迅速发展颠覆了传统国际经济学和国际商务的理论范式,中国学者在数字贸易领域的率先实践为中国自主的数字贸易知识体系的建构提供了历史机遇。文章从中国数字贸易发展事实出发,以西方经典贸易和商务理论为参照,在全面梳理中国学者原创性贡献并适当参考西方有价值的前沿研究基础上提出数字贸易一般性分析框架。具体地,数字技术是数字贸易发展的基础,数字技术、平台、消费者、数据、全球公司和智能制造六大主体及其内在关系构成了基于数字技术创新的数字贸易主分析框架,是数字贸易核心研究领域;以此为基础,形成了以贸易成本、多边贸易、全球生态网络、全要素生产率、劳动力市场和数字贸易规则六大重点研究领域构成的基于消费者偏好的全球贸易平台次分析框架,以及平台生态系统、组织变革、商业模式、供应链管理、数字营销和数字并购六大重点研究领域构成的基于需求驱动的全球公司次分析框架。文章构建的数字贸易分析框架是动态演进的学术范式,有利于推动具有中国特色的数字贸易学科体系、学术体系、话语体系的形成。

“十强”产业发展对山东经济增长的贡献研究

经济增长与产业发展密不可分,实现山东新旧动能转换的关键就在于推动产业发展。山东确定了重点发展“十强”产业,在做大、做强、做优“十强”产业上实现新突破。借助投入产出技术研究发现,“十强”产业在宏观、中观、微观等三个层面对山东经济增长都发挥了重要的作用。未来应采取优化营商环境、加强科技创新、培育壮大市场主体、扩大对外开放等措施推动“十强”产业发展。