Progress in neurorehabilitation research and the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China from 2010 to 2022

The National Natural Science Foundation of China is one of the major funding agencies for neuro rehabilitation research in China.This study reviews the frontier directions and achievements in the field of neurorehabilitation in China and wo rldwide.We used data from the Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC) database to analyze the publications and data provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China to analyze funding information.In addition,the prospects for neurorehabilitation research in China are discussed.From 2010 to 2022,a total of 74,220 publications in neurorehabilitation were identified,with there being an overall upward tendency.During this period,the National Natural Science Foundation of China has funded 476 research projects with a total funding of 192.38 million RMB to support neuro rehabilitation research in China.With the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China has made some achievements in neurorehabilitation research.Research related to neurorehabilitation is believed to be making steady and significant progress in China.

Aortic Dissection Research in China:Analysis of Studies Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China

Objective The National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)has made great progress in promoting the development of aortic dissection research in recent years.This study aimed to examine the development and research status of aortic dissection research in China so as to provide references for future research.Methods The NSFC projects data from 2008 to 2019 were collected from the Internet-based Science Information System and other websites utilized as search engines.The publications and citations were retrieved by Google Scholar,and the impact factors were checked by the InCite Journal Citation Reports database.The investigator’s degree and department were identified from the institutional faculty profiles.Results A total of 250 grant funds totaling 124.3 million Yuan and resulting in 747 publications were analyzed.The funds in economically developed and densely populated areas were more than those in underdeveloped and sparsely populated areas.There was no significant difference in the amount of funding per grant between different departments’investigators.However,the funding output ratios of the grants for cardiologists were higher than those for basic science investigators.The amount of funding for clinical researchers and basic scientific researchers in aortic dissection was also similar.Clinical researchers were better in terms of the funding output ratio.Conclusion These results suggest that the medical and scientific research level of aortic dissection in China has been greatly improved.However,there are still some problems that urgently need to be solved,such as the unreasonable regional allocation of medical and scientific research resources,and the slow transition from basic science to clinical practice.

The 2010–2020 National Natural Science Foundation of China:Radiation Therapy

Objective This study explains the application number and funding rate of oncology projects undertaken by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC),with focus on tumor radiotherapy-related research over the past 11 years.Methods A stratified analysis was carried out on the application and funding status of tumor radiotherapy studies in different NSFC project categories,different research areas,and different tumor types.Research areas that required specific focus,such as immunology-related radiotherapy,multimodality imaging and radiomics,and post-radiotherapy organ injury,were separately analyzed.Results The status and development trends of various related research fields were studied,and the research results were presented with the support of the NSFC,in order to provide reference for future applications and funding allocations.Conclusion The number of applications for funding increases every year.Although the total number of funded projects has also increased every year,the funding rate has decreased year by year.Projects on radiotherapy and immunization have been at the forefront in recent years,and the funding rate for these projects increases yearly.

LIRR's Project of “Study on Spalling Mechanism Mechanism of Dense Refractory Castables by Rapid Heating-up” Being Obtained the Support from National Natural Natural Science Foundation of China

LIRR＇s Priject of ＂Research on Spalling Mechanism Due to Rapid Heating-up of Dense Refractory Castables＂ declared by Wang Zhanmin,vice-president of LIRR,will gain the fund support from National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2011.

Effects of Wen Dan Tang on insomnia-related anxiety and levels of the brain-gut peptide Ghrelin

Ghrelin, a brain-gut peptide that induces anxiety and other abnormal emotions, contributes to the effects of insomnia on emotional behavior. In contrast, the traditional Chinese Medi- cine remedy Wen Dan Tang reduces insomnia-related anxiety, which may perhaps correspond to changes in the brain-gut axis. This suggests a possible relationship between Wen Dan Tan^s pharmacological mechanism and the brain-gut axis. Based on this hypothesis, a sleep-deprived rat model was induced and Wen Dan Tang was administered using oral gavage during model es- tablishment. Wen Dan Tang significantly reduced insomnia-related anxiety and prevented Ghrelin level decreases following sleep deprivation, especially in the hypothalamus. Increased expression of Ghrelin receptor mRNA in the hypothalamus was also observed, suggesting that reduced anxi- ety may be a result of Wen Dan Tan＇s regulation of Ghrelin-Ghrelin receptors.

Sialic acid accelerates the electrophoretic velocity of injured dorsal root ganglion neurons

Peripheral nerve injury has been shown to result in ectopic spontaneous discharges on soma and injured sites of sensory neurons, thereby inducing neuropathic pain. With the increase of membrane proteins on soma and injured site neurons, the negatively charged sialic acids bind to the external domains of membrane proteins, resulting in an increase of this charge. We therefore speculate that the electrophoretic velocity of injured neurons may be faster than non-injured neurons. The present study established rat models of neuropathic pain via chronic constriction injury. Results of the cell electrophoresis test revealed that the electrophoretic velocity of injured neuronal cells was faster than that of non-injured （control） cells. We then treated cells with divalent cations of Ca2＋ and organic compounds with positive charges, polylysine to counteract the negatively charged sialic acids, or neuraminidase to specifically remove sialic acids from the membrane surface of injured neurons. All three treatments significantly reduced the electrophoretic velocity of injured neuronal cells. These findings suggest that enhanced sialic acids on injured neurons may accelerate the electrophoretic velocity of injured neurons.

Mapping scientific cooperation of the NSFC:A case study of Major International(Regional) Joint Research Program

International cooperations have played an important role in academic activities as more and more researchers endeavor to participate in joint research or exchange with partners aboard. Focused on projects of Major International(Regional) Joint Research Program of the Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC) from 2003 to 2008, we have investigated the characteristics of the scientific cooperation by mapping the funded projects from the aspects of topics, affiliations and cooperative countries(regions), respectively.Moreover, it is demonstrated that issues related to nano technologies, genes and ecological environments have become the hot topics in the joint research of NSFC, and projects with issues of big science have been preferentially funded under the program’s guide posted every year. Moreover, most granted projects were undertaken by the minority of affiliations with the leading research capability, which is the same to partners abroad. The aggregation effect has been greatly improved with the bilateral or multilateral agreement signed with scientific organizations abroad, so has the competitive mechanism of scientific resources allocation.

2023年度地球科学部基金项目评审工作综述

本文总结了2023年度国家自然科学基金委员会地球科学部的评审工作,分析了地球科学部各类项目受理、评审和资助情况,梳理了深化科学基金改革实施情况,提出了下一年度科学基金工作思路。

2023年度生命科学部科学基金项目评审工作综述

本文总结了2023年度生命科学部各类科学基金项目评审情况,梳理了本年度科学基金深化改革的实施情况,并提出下一年度项目评审的工作思路。

2023年度工程与材料科学部基金项目评审工作综述

本文总结了2023年度国家自然科学基金委员会工程与材料科学部项目评审工作情况,对各类项目申请、受理、评审和资助情况进行了整理及分析,重点回顾了本年度工程与材料科学部深化科学基金改革新举措及实施成效,并提出了下一年度评审工作的思路及建议,以进一步提高工程与材料科学基础研究资助质量。

2022年NSFC心血管领域中、西医申请资助情况分析

系统梳理分析2022年国家自然科学基金心血管领域中、西医学面上项目、青年科学基金项目和地区科学基金项目3类常规项目的申请和资助情况、所涉及主要病种、研究热点和研究思路。结果显示,两个领域研究的主要病种相似,研究热点也基本一致。均以动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、心力衰竭、高血压、继发性心肌损伤和心律失常为主,主要开展表观遗传学、外泌体、细胞焦亡或铁死亡、细胞自噬、肠道微生物群以及线粒体功能方面的研究,思路呈现多样化的特点。但西医心血管领域的病种更为广泛,还包括心脏移植等中医心血管领域不涉及的病种。在科学问题导向和研究内容方面,中医心血管领域要求在中医药理论的指导下,以解决中医学科的关键科学问题为导向,体现中医药的特色。此外,研究热点只是探索科学问题的技术手段,应深入凝练科学问题,避免盲目追求结合研究热点反而缺乏了创新性思想和科学依据,鼓励原创性基础研究。

某神经特色医疗机构2020—2023年申请神经系统领域国家自然科学基金项目同行评议意见分析及对策

目的了解首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院神经系统领域国家自然科学基金项目申请未获资助的原因并提出对策,为同行提供借鉴。方法采用内容分析法,对该医院2020—2023年申请国家自然科学基金神经系统领域未获资助的289项青年、面上项目的867人次同行评议意见进行归类整理分析。结果本文共分析了1219条未获资助原因,发现在未获资助的青年和面上项目中,存在问题提及率及比例排名前5位的依次为“研究方案不合理”(32.65%/85.12%)、“研究基础不足”(18.54%/54.33%)、“创新性不足”(15.67%/51.21%)、“立项依据不足”(8.37%/30.10%)、“科学及临床价值不足”(7.88%/28.72%),其中青年项目“创新性不足”(提及率:17.13%vs.13.84%;比例:53.75%vs.48.06%)、“细节问题”(提及率:6.50%vs.3.87%;比例:23.13%vs.15.50%)的提及率及比例略高于面上项目,“科学问题属性选择错误”的提及率(4.28%vs.4.06%)、“关键科学问题凝练不足”的比例(24.38%vs.23.26%)同样在青年项目中略高,但仅“细节问题”提及率在两类项目中的差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.322,P=0.038)。专家意见一致性分析显示,3位专家意见完全一致且排名前3位的反馈意见与上述结果中的前3位一致。结论该医院未中标项目存在问题主要集中在“研究方案不合理”“研究基础不足”“创新性不足”3个方面。建议该医院通过开展多维度的申报培训、精细化辅导等方式帮助申请人完善方案设计,通过设立孵育基金、加强在研课题过程管理等渠道强化研究基础,通过促进学科交叉融合拓展研究领域和思路、提升源头创新能力等措施提高申请书质量及申请中标率。

医院国家自然科学基金项目获批影响因素分析及预测模型构建

目的探究医院进行国家自然科学基金管理的有效策略。方法回顾性分析某三甲综合性医院2016—2022年度国家自然科学基金项目申报和获批的情况,运用单因素分析及二分类多因素Logistic回归分析影响国家自然科学基金项目获批的因素并建立函数预测模型。结果本研究共收集了1098位申请人的数据信息,其中青年项目申请人653人,获批178人;面上项目申请人445人,获批114人;多因素Logistic结果显示,在青年项目中,年龄越小、有博士学位、是科研岗位、有海外留学经历、以第一/通讯作者身份发表SCI论文平均影响因子在3~5分、以第一/通讯作者身份发表SCI论文平均影响因子在5分以上、以第一/通讯作者发表4区SCI论文、主持过国家级和院校级课题的申请人更易获批国家自然科学基金青年项目;在面上项目中,有博士学位、有海外留学经历、以第一/通讯作者发表1区和2区SCI论文、主持过国家级课题的申请人更易获批国家自然科学基金面上项目。青年项目回归预测模型AUC曲线下面积为0.860,面上项目回归预测模型AUC曲线下面积为0.838,模型的预测价值较高。结论医院应通过强化政策引导,加大经济投入,提倡申请人进行前期工作布局,聚焦人才培养等途径,全面促进医院国家自然科学基金的有效管理。

我国人才研究特征与热点态势--基于国家社会科学基金项目分析

人才是第一资源,人才资源在经济社会发展中有着突出地位和作用。以1983—2023年295项国家社科基金人才研究项目为样本数据进行统计分析。研究表明,立项数量方面,人才研究的年度立项数量整体呈现上升趋势,主要分为平稳阶段、波动增长阶段、平稳增长阶段;学科分布方面,人才研究的交叉学科属性突出,广泛分布于23个基础学科中,主要集中在管理学、教育学、体育学3个学科;研究热点方面,以党和国家重大理论和现实问题为导向,重点关注高层次人才、科技人才、创新人才、后备人才、国际人才,形成了人才培养、人才体制机制、人才流动、人才评价等热点研究版块。存在研究力量区域分布不均衡、高层次创新型人才短缺、人才服务和推动人才发展的体制和机制仍需不断调整和创新等问题。未来,国家社科基金应加大对人才项目的支持,人才研究将朝着与深入实施人才强国战略、不断完善中国特色社会主义人才理论、解决我国人才难题等新的热点相结合的方向拓展。

国家自然科学基金资助体系下的地下水科学领域发展总结和分析

地下水属于基础性、战略性水资源,其科学开发利用和保护关系到人类社会与生态系统的协同健康发展。因此,地下水一直是自然科学关注的热点和焦点之一。笔者统计分析了1986~2022年期间国家自然科学基金委对地下水科学领域的资助情况,从受资助项目的学部学科分布、项目类型和主要研究方向入手,总结了地下水科学研究现状,揭示了目前存在的短板和瓶颈问题,并分析了地下水科学发展趋势。研究结果表明:①地下水科学领域资助项目的数量和类型均呈快速增长态势;②地下水科学领域与其他学科领域的交叉融合越来越频繁、紧密,涉及多个学部和学科,申报与资助均呈现“多点开花”态势;③地下水科学作为地球科学的分支学科,面临新的机遇和挑战,许多重大科学问题亟待解决,需进一步提高重大项目支持力度;④地下水科学研究具备与更多相关领域交叉渗透的潜力,如海洋学、化学、气象学和大气科学等,国家自然科学基金委可为地下水科学与其他学科交叉提供培育平台。

高校附属医院国自然青年基金负责人现状调查及发展机制探讨

目的对国自然青年基金负责人的科研动机、积极因素消极因素以及需要的科研支持等进行调查,探讨促进青年科研人员科研发展的成长机制,激发青年科研人员创新活力。方法收集医院2010—2021年度获得国家自然青年基金资助时负责人的基本情况并对其开展问卷调查,对不同岗位类型负责人的科研发展与科研支持需要情况及已结题负责人继续获得资助情况进行卡方检验。结果项目负责人均具有高学历及优秀教育经历,专职科研人员与临床科研人员在薪酬肯定、高端人才指导、科研经费、科研时间方面有统计学差异。结论青年基金负责人有科研工作热情,医院要积极探索适合青年科研人员的成长机制,为青年科研人员的培养与发展提供良好平台与支撑。

2011—2022年我国妇幼保健机构申请和获得国家自然科学基金项目资助情况分析

目的 分析2011—2022年我国妇幼保健机构申请和获得国家自然科学基金(National Natural Science Foundation of China,NSFC)项目资助情况,为妇幼保健机构科研能力建设提供参考。方法 运用NSFC大数据知识管理服务平台和全国妇幼保健机构监测数据,分析NSFC项目申请、获资助、负责人等基本情况,比较获资助和未获资助机构在人力资源和承担科研课题项目上的差异性。结果 2011—2022年我国35家妇幼保健机构作为NSFC依托单位共申请项目861项,获资助率为10.57%;青年科学基金、面上项目、地区科学基金为主要申请和获资助类型,获资助率分别为7.27%、5.34%和15.21%,存在类别间和地区间差异。55.8%的项目负责人在首次获资助前参与过NSFC项目,且78.13%为高等院校牵头项目;项目负责人中,高级职称占58.25%、博士研究生学历占62.64%;获资助机构承担或独立承担科研课题项目数多于未获资助机构,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 我国妇幼保健机构科研能力仍相对薄弱,人才储备和科研基础是项目申请成功的有利因素,妇幼保健机构应加强科研人才的引进与培养,以需求为牵引,关注政策导向,聚焦学术前沿,注重学科交叉,增强合作,推动科研创新能力提升,助力妇幼保健机构可持续、高质量地发展。

天津某科研院所国家自然科学基金项目获资助情况分析及管理对策

国家自然科学基金是支持我国基础研究的重要途径之一,也彰显着依托单位的整体科研实力。以中国医学科学院生物医学工程研究所为例,梳理2014—2023年间国家自然科学基金项目资助情况,分析可能影响项目中标率的因素,并提出管理对策和建议,为进一步提升研究所承担国家项目的能力、促进学科交叉和人才培养提供依据。