Owing to the constant modernization and urbanization of China,most cities have subways,and the total power consumption of subway stations has been rising,which contradicts with China’s green goals.In this regard,ener...Owing to the constant modernization and urbanization of China,most cities have subways,and the total power consumption of subway stations has been rising,which contradicts with China’s green goals.In this regard,energy consumption indicators for major energy use projects in subway stations should be established,comprehensive evaluation and detailed research on the current situation of subway operation should be conducted,and specific energy-saving measures should be taken from a diversified perspective.It is crucial to systematically sort out the principle of sub-item energy consumption in subway stations,and practice and explore the specific simplification measures of the principle model of sub-item energy consumption,so as to lay a solid foundation for achieving the goal of reducing energy consumption of subway stations.展开更多
The current context of global efforts in the pursuit of sustainable development can be characterized by the perception of the scientific-technological losses of ecosystems and ecosystem services and their consequences...The current context of global efforts in the pursuit of sustainable development can be characterized by the perception of the scientific-technological losses of ecosystems and ecosystem services and their consequences for the survival of humanity in the face of threats of imbalances in the basic conditions for survival such as food production, the environmental quality, natural control of pests and diseases, loses of biodiversity and climate changes. Some recent initiatives at global, regional and local level are pointed and some conceptual trends and deployment strategies advance towards the consolidation of the principles of sustainable development, despite several difficulties for effectively reaching its goals. The trend of gradual changes in the models of developing nations and in the patterns of production and consumption is portrayed objectively, seeking to correlate with principles of environmental economics and green economy, since Cecil Pigou and Stuart Mill principles to recent researches as Kenneth Boulding, Herman Daly, Nicholas Georgescu-Rogen, Franz Capra, Ignacy Sachs, Edgar Morin, beyond others. The ability of the United Nations and governments to intervene in neoliberal logic aiming wider benefit to society and the reduction of the negative effects of market distortions, as striking on the global stage, represents a true redemption of the principles advocated by Cecil Pigou, at the beginning of the last century, both for the global economy and for their effects on environmental and social conflicts, social exclusion resulting from the current economic systems which are not necessary new strategies, principles, or economic formulas, but decision making to tackle the market with seriousness to promote equity, social justice and environmental sustainability, without sacrificing progress and development, as evident in the current discussion of social inclusion and the convergence of individual and collective interests, so far in the development model based on increasing production and consumption, yet with little environmental responsibility.展开更多
Plastic variational principles are foundation to solve the boundary-value problems of plastic mechanics with the variational method(or energy method) and finite element method.The most convenient way of establishing d...Plastic variational principles are foundation to solve the boundary-value problems of plastic mechanics with the variational method(or energy method) and finite element method.The most convenient way of establishing different kinds of variational principles is to set up the extreme principle related to the studied problem.Based on a general new extreme principle-the Least work consumption principle,the variational principles of the rigid-plastic and rigid-viscoplastic material were derived.In comparison with existing methods,the method in this paper is more clear and direct,and the physical meaning is clear-cut.This method can offer a new way for establishing other kinds of variational principles.展开更多
项目供热面积约1.14×10^(5)m^(2),总热负荷7000 k W,采用中深层地热供热,平均热负荷为4859.09 kW,项目年耗热量为62959.68 GJ。热源为1口水热型地热井,按照“一采一灌、同层回灌、取热不耗水”的模式进行建设,配套回灌井1口。利用...项目供热面积约1.14×10^(5)m^(2),总热负荷7000 k W,采用中深层地热供热,平均热负荷为4859.09 kW,项目年耗热量为62959.68 GJ。热源为1口水热型地热井,按照“一采一灌、同层回灌、取热不耗水”的模式进行建设,配套回灌井1口。利用中深层地热水作为供热热源,冬季提供45℃/40℃采暖循环水,采用“板换直供+热泵机组调峰”的方式为项目供热。按照30年运行期测算,中深层地热方案相比于天然气锅炉方案可节省费用1.127738×10^(8)元。展开更多
The study of constraints on the constitutive relationships of electromagnetic media is of great importance in the aspects of the medium characteristics analysis, the new article material synthesis and the medium param...The study of constraints on the constitutive relationships of electromagnetic media is of great importance in the aspects of the medium characteristics analysis, the new article material synthesis and the medium parameters reconstruction, etc. According to the fact that the constitutive relationships should not conflict with the general physical laws, the constraints that the constitutive relationships of electromagnetic medium must satisfy have been summarized in this paper. These constraints include determinacy principle, objectivity principle, causality principle and permission principle. And the parameter constraints of the arbitrary linear homogenous time-invariant medium are obtained following the minimum energy consumption principle. This work provides a new way of ascertaining the constitutive relationships of the electromagnetic medium.展开更多
文摘Owing to the constant modernization and urbanization of China,most cities have subways,and the total power consumption of subway stations has been rising,which contradicts with China’s green goals.In this regard,energy consumption indicators for major energy use projects in subway stations should be established,comprehensive evaluation and detailed research on the current situation of subway operation should be conducted,and specific energy-saving measures should be taken from a diversified perspective.It is crucial to systematically sort out the principle of sub-item energy consumption in subway stations,and practice and explore the specific simplification measures of the principle model of sub-item energy consumption,so as to lay a solid foundation for achieving the goal of reducing energy consumption of subway stations.
文摘The current context of global efforts in the pursuit of sustainable development can be characterized by the perception of the scientific-technological losses of ecosystems and ecosystem services and their consequences for the survival of humanity in the face of threats of imbalances in the basic conditions for survival such as food production, the environmental quality, natural control of pests and diseases, loses of biodiversity and climate changes. Some recent initiatives at global, regional and local level are pointed and some conceptual trends and deployment strategies advance towards the consolidation of the principles of sustainable development, despite several difficulties for effectively reaching its goals. The trend of gradual changes in the models of developing nations and in the patterns of production and consumption is portrayed objectively, seeking to correlate with principles of environmental economics and green economy, since Cecil Pigou and Stuart Mill principles to recent researches as Kenneth Boulding, Herman Daly, Nicholas Georgescu-Rogen, Franz Capra, Ignacy Sachs, Edgar Morin, beyond others. The ability of the United Nations and governments to intervene in neoliberal logic aiming wider benefit to society and the reduction of the negative effects of market distortions, as striking on the global stage, represents a true redemption of the principles advocated by Cecil Pigou, at the beginning of the last century, both for the global economy and for their effects on environmental and social conflicts, social exclusion resulting from the current economic systems which are not necessary new strategies, principles, or economic formulas, but decision making to tackle the market with seriousness to promote equity, social justice and environmental sustainability, without sacrificing progress and development, as evident in the current discussion of social inclusion and the convergence of individual and collective interests, so far in the development model based on increasing production and consumption, yet with little environmental responsibility.
文摘Plastic variational principles are foundation to solve the boundary-value problems of plastic mechanics with the variational method(or energy method) and finite element method.The most convenient way of establishing different kinds of variational principles is to set up the extreme principle related to the studied problem.Based on a general new extreme principle-the Least work consumption principle,the variational principles of the rigid-plastic and rigid-viscoplastic material were derived.In comparison with existing methods,the method in this paper is more clear and direct,and the physical meaning is clear-cut.This method can offer a new way for establishing other kinds of variational principles.
文摘项目供热面积约1.14×10^(5)m^(2),总热负荷7000 k W,采用中深层地热供热,平均热负荷为4859.09 kW,项目年耗热量为62959.68 GJ。热源为1口水热型地热井,按照“一采一灌、同层回灌、取热不耗水”的模式进行建设,配套回灌井1口。利用中深层地热水作为供热热源,冬季提供45℃/40℃采暖循环水,采用“板换直供+热泵机组调峰”的方式为项目供热。按照30年运行期测算,中深层地热方案相比于天然气锅炉方案可节省费用1.127738×10^(8)元。
文摘The study of constraints on the constitutive relationships of electromagnetic media is of great importance in the aspects of the medium characteristics analysis, the new article material synthesis and the medium parameters reconstruction, etc. According to the fact that the constitutive relationships should not conflict with the general physical laws, the constraints that the constitutive relationships of electromagnetic medium must satisfy have been summarized in this paper. These constraints include determinacy principle, objectivity principle, causality principle and permission principle. And the parameter constraints of the arbitrary linear homogenous time-invariant medium are obtained following the minimum energy consumption principle. This work provides a new way of ascertaining the constitutive relationships of the electromagnetic medium.
