BERNARDO Bertolucci’s film, The Last Emperor, drew its Western audience into a mystic, grandiose, oriental palace that was the Forbidden City, leaving them awestruck at the
Foreign-made clocks and watches began to be exported to China in the 17th century. During the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the imperial court imported tens of thousands of clocks and watches. At the Palace Museum in Beij...Foreign-made clocks and watches began to be exported to China in the 17th century. During the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the imperial court imported tens of thousands of clocks and watches. At the Palace Museum in Beijing, about 200 timepieces collected by the imperial court are still on display in the clock and watch exhibition hall. They were made in Britain, France, Switzerland and Japan. Many foreign presidents and展开更多
We consider direct solution to third order ordinary differential equations in this paper. Method of collection and interpolation of the power series approximant of single variable is considered to derive a linear mult...We consider direct solution to third order ordinary differential equations in this paper. Method of collection and interpolation of the power series approximant of single variable is considered to derive a linear multistep method (LMM) with continuous coefficient. Block method was later adopted to generate the independent solution at selected grid points. The properties of the block viz: order, zero stability and stability region are investigated. Our method was tested on third order ordinary differential equation and found to give better result when compared with existing methods.展开更多
The Tanzania Zambia Railway stretches 1,860 kilometers from the East African Indian Ocean port of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania to New Kapiri-Mposhi in land locked Zambia.It is defined as a bi-national organization as opp...The Tanzania Zambia Railway stretches 1,860 kilometers from the East African Indian Ocean port of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania to New Kapiri-Mposhi in land locked Zambia.It is defined as a bi-national organization as opposed to either transnational or multinational because it is jointly owned and managed by the Governments of Tanzania and Zambia.Its construction was made possible by Chinese interest-free loan to the two Governments.Few development projects in Africa have been charged with as much political and ideological dynamite as Tanzania Zambia Railway.To the Western powers,angry that the Chinese had entered territory which they considered their own preserve,it was a Red Railway intended to thrust communism into the very heart of Africa.For the white regimes in Southern Africa,grimly attempting to hold back demands for majority rule,it was seen as Africa’s Ho Chi Minh Trail,carrying guerrilla further,armed with Chinese thoughts and weapons to the banks of the Zambezi River.The Chinese regarded the project as a Friendship Route to strengthen the new African states against the forces of imperialism and for Tanzania and Zambia it was a Freedom Railway,which should prove an instrument in increasing their independence.These reactions underpin not only the complexity of the establishment and management of a bi-national organization but also present challenges to the two national trade unions on how best they can represent their members.Industrial relations literature has cited differences in countries’historical,social,political,economic,and ideological background as the main obstacles in the development of collective bargaining machinery in transnational or multinational organizations.A study in Tanzania Zambia Railway Authority has attempted to develop an integrated bi-national collective bargaining machinery whose collective agreements are likely to be legally enforceable in their respective countries.This paper explores the development of trade unions in both Tanzania and Zambia which can be divided in three phases:first,the construction phase;second,the consolidation phase;and the third and final phase,trade union liberalization and political pluralism which covers the development of a bi national collective bargaining model with its Joint Industrial Council structure and negotiation procedures.The paper compares and contrasts trade union development in the two contracting states and critically examines how each phase has influenced trade union development.It provides a brief historical outline of collective bargaining process and spells out advantages and limitations of bi-national collective bargaining machinery.The paper concludes by observing that one of the main objectives of regional groupings is economic integration and suggests that integrated collective bargaining machinery be adopted as an ideal industrial relations model for regional groupings such as the African Union(AU),Southern African Development Community(SADC),Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa(COMESA),Economic Community for West African States(ECOWAS),Eastern African Community,and other regional groupings around the world since it localizes industrial relations function in general and collective bargaining in particular.展开更多
China’s archives have a long history.Since the Han Dynasty(206 B.C.-A.D 220)Lantai(a library instidethe Imperial Palace)and storerooms were used for Chinese imperial archives.Documents are the preciouswealth of China...China’s archives have a long history.Since the Han Dynasty(206 B.C.-A.D 220)Lantai(a library instidethe Imperial Palace)and storerooms were used for Chinese imperial archives.Documents are the preciouswealth of China’s brilliant national culture.Today the reform and opening to the outside world makepreservation and organization of Chinas archives an urgent task.Since the 13th International ArchivesConference will be held in Beijing in 1996,we shall,starting with this issue,introduce China’s archivesand their rare collection in turn.We hope both foreign and Chinese readers will find this helpful-Ed.展开更多
串联型汇集送出方案被认为是规模化远海风电全直流系统最可能实现的方案。为避免串联型直流风电机组因风电机组间耦合特性引起的过电压现象和风功率损失,使系统实现高压直流送出和具备直流故障自清除能力,提出了基于容性能量转移原理DC...串联型汇集送出方案被认为是规模化远海风电全直流系统最可能实现的方案。为避免串联型直流风电机组因风电机组间耦合特性引起的过电压现象和风功率损失,使系统实现高压直流送出和具备直流故障自清除能力,提出了基于容性能量转移原理DC/DC变换器(capacitive energy transfer principle based DC/DC transformer, CETDCT)的新型串联系统。该系统拓扑中海上升压站为CET-DCT结构,并采用基于混合型模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converter, MMC)的直流风电机组和岸上换流站。以实现风电机组全工况下的最大功率点跟踪、穿越多种直流故障为目标,设计了系统的控制与保护策略。基于PSCAD/EMTDC搭建了传统串联系统和新型串联系统的仿真模型。对传统串联系统风电机组间功率不平衡工况的仿真,验证了风电机组的过电压和风功率损失现象。对新型串联系统稳态工况和故障工况的仿真,验证了新型串联系统的运行特性及所提策略的有效性。展开更多
文摘BERNARDO Bertolucci’s film, The Last Emperor, drew its Western audience into a mystic, grandiose, oriental palace that was the Forbidden City, leaving them awestruck at the
文摘Foreign-made clocks and watches began to be exported to China in the 17th century. During the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), the imperial court imported tens of thousands of clocks and watches. At the Palace Museum in Beijing, about 200 timepieces collected by the imperial court are still on display in the clock and watch exhibition hall. They were made in Britain, France, Switzerland and Japan. Many foreign presidents and
文摘We consider direct solution to third order ordinary differential equations in this paper. Method of collection and interpolation of the power series approximant of single variable is considered to derive a linear multistep method (LMM) with continuous coefficient. Block method was later adopted to generate the independent solution at selected grid points. The properties of the block viz: order, zero stability and stability region are investigated. Our method was tested on third order ordinary differential equation and found to give better result when compared with existing methods.
文摘The Tanzania Zambia Railway stretches 1,860 kilometers from the East African Indian Ocean port of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania to New Kapiri-Mposhi in land locked Zambia.It is defined as a bi-national organization as opposed to either transnational or multinational because it is jointly owned and managed by the Governments of Tanzania and Zambia.Its construction was made possible by Chinese interest-free loan to the two Governments.Few development projects in Africa have been charged with as much political and ideological dynamite as Tanzania Zambia Railway.To the Western powers,angry that the Chinese had entered territory which they considered their own preserve,it was a Red Railway intended to thrust communism into the very heart of Africa.For the white regimes in Southern Africa,grimly attempting to hold back demands for majority rule,it was seen as Africa’s Ho Chi Minh Trail,carrying guerrilla further,armed with Chinese thoughts and weapons to the banks of the Zambezi River.The Chinese regarded the project as a Friendship Route to strengthen the new African states against the forces of imperialism and for Tanzania and Zambia it was a Freedom Railway,which should prove an instrument in increasing their independence.These reactions underpin not only the complexity of the establishment and management of a bi-national organization but also present challenges to the two national trade unions on how best they can represent their members.Industrial relations literature has cited differences in countries’historical,social,political,economic,and ideological background as the main obstacles in the development of collective bargaining machinery in transnational or multinational organizations.A study in Tanzania Zambia Railway Authority has attempted to develop an integrated bi-national collective bargaining machinery whose collective agreements are likely to be legally enforceable in their respective countries.This paper explores the development of trade unions in both Tanzania and Zambia which can be divided in three phases:first,the construction phase;second,the consolidation phase;and the third and final phase,trade union liberalization and political pluralism which covers the development of a bi national collective bargaining model with its Joint Industrial Council structure and negotiation procedures.The paper compares and contrasts trade union development in the two contracting states and critically examines how each phase has influenced trade union development.It provides a brief historical outline of collective bargaining process and spells out advantages and limitations of bi-national collective bargaining machinery.The paper concludes by observing that one of the main objectives of regional groupings is economic integration and suggests that integrated collective bargaining machinery be adopted as an ideal industrial relations model for regional groupings such as the African Union(AU),Southern African Development Community(SADC),Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa(COMESA),Economic Community for West African States(ECOWAS),Eastern African Community,and other regional groupings around the world since it localizes industrial relations function in general and collective bargaining in particular.
文摘China’s archives have a long history.Since the Han Dynasty(206 B.C.-A.D 220)Lantai(a library instidethe Imperial Palace)and storerooms were used for Chinese imperial archives.Documents are the preciouswealth of China’s brilliant national culture.Today the reform and opening to the outside world makepreservation and organization of Chinas archives an urgent task.Since the 13th International ArchivesConference will be held in Beijing in 1996,we shall,starting with this issue,introduce China’s archivesand their rare collection in turn.We hope both foreign and Chinese readers will find this helpful-Ed.
文摘串联型汇集送出方案被认为是规模化远海风电全直流系统最可能实现的方案。为避免串联型直流风电机组因风电机组间耦合特性引起的过电压现象和风功率损失,使系统实现高压直流送出和具备直流故障自清除能力,提出了基于容性能量转移原理DC/DC变换器(capacitive energy transfer principle based DC/DC transformer, CETDCT)的新型串联系统。该系统拓扑中海上升压站为CET-DCT结构,并采用基于混合型模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converter, MMC)的直流风电机组和岸上换流站。以实现风电机组全工况下的最大功率点跟踪、穿越多种直流故障为目标,设计了系统的控制与保护策略。基于PSCAD/EMTDC搭建了传统串联系统和新型串联系统的仿真模型。对传统串联系统风电机组间功率不平衡工况的仿真,验证了风电机组的过电压和风功率损失现象。对新型串联系统稳态工况和故障工况的仿真,验证了新型串联系统的运行特性及所提策略的有效性。
