Challenges and Strategies in the Prevention and Control of Animal Diseases: Trends and Pathways

The prevention and control of animal diseases is a critical factor influencing the sustainable development of animal husbandry and public health security.Its significance is undeniable.However,current challenges persist,such as an incomplete epidemic prevention system,a shortage of skilled epidemic prevention professionals,and insufficient dissemination of animal epidemic prevention knowledge,all of which hinder the quality of epidemic prevention and control efforts.This study examines the evolving trends in animal epidemic diseases,evaluates existing challenges in current prevention and control measures,and proposes strategies to address these issues.Recommended strategies include broadening publicity channels for animal epidemic prevention knowledge,improving the epidemic prevention management system,enhancing supervision and enforcement,refining monitoring and early warning mechanisms,and strengthening the development of epidemic prevention talent.To elevate the quality of animal disease prevention and control and improve the global competitiveness of China’s animal husbandry sector,it is also essential to strengthen international collaboration on epidemic prevention within the framework of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP).

Overview of perspectives on cancer,newer therapies,and future directions

Theword“cancer”is associated with terrifying situations,and there is often an aggressive intent to cure.Uncertainty about survival and fear of disfigurement cause major turmoil in the minds of patients and relatives.Teamwork with multimodal care is the key to achieving satisfactory outcomes.Advanced imaging modalities have aided in early detection and derivation of optimal treatment plans.Although radical excision of tumors with neoadjuvant or concurrent chemotherapy/radiotherapy has long been the best management option,we have moved froma radical to a conservative approach.In advanced disease,the plan should be to provide supportive care and improve quality of life.Compassion and counseling play important roles.Nutritional support for correcting cancer cachexia is equally important during tumor excision.Newer therapies such as targeted therapy,stem cell therapy,and chemodynamic therapy are all focused on ensuring safe and efficient outcomes;however,the war against cancer continues to oscillate between hope and despair.

An Overview ofModern Cartographic Trends Aligned with the ICA’s Perspective

This study provides a comprehensive overview of modern cartography innovations and emerging trends,highlight-ing the importance of geospatial representation in various fields.It discusses recent advancements in geospatial data collection techniques,including satellite and aerial imagery,Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)technology,and crowdsourcing.The research also investigates the integration of big data,machine learning,and real-time processing in Geographic Information Systems(GIS),as well as advances in geospatial visualization.In addition,it examines the role of cartography in addressing global challenges such as climate change,disaster management,and urban planning in line with the International Cartographic Association’s(ICA)perspectives.The study discusses the ethical considerations and challenges associated with modern cartography,including privacy,data security,and accessibility issues.Finally,it outlines future directions and opportunities in cartography,focusing on the potential applications of artificial intelligence,interdisciplinary collaborations,and open-source platforms.This discussion aims to emphasize the significance of continued research and development in cartography and encourage interdisciplinary collaboration for a better understanding of the world.

Analysis on the Developmental Trend and Characteristics of Modern Oil Painting from Perspectives of the Texture and Color

In this paper, we conduct research on the developmental trend and characteristics of the modern oil painting from perspectives ofthe texture and color. Image oil painting is not just a simple art genre and style, it is a western oil painting the foreign art in the Chinese culturalenvironment to generate the types of oil painting is a kind of Chinese national culture characteristic of painting art for the purpose of art topresent true feelings and true feelings should be created by the artist’s technique, form, style, texture effects such as external factors. And manyof the current oil painting art works are showing the true feelings, because of the wrong style, texture and other external factors as the purpose ofart. Master of art means the long-term growth path is essentially in express their true feelings, and to form the style need to constantly supplementand perfect process. We provide the novel perspective on the corresponding issues that will be meaningful and important.

The concept of “prevention before disease” in Buddhism and its application & dissemination status in modern medicine: a review

The concept of“prevention before disease”in Buddhism has deep roots in traditional Indian medicine and has been integrated into Buddhist philosophy.The Buddhist philosophy of“prevention before disease”is based on the cultivation of mindfulness through the practice of meditation.This philosophy has been integrated into modern medicine through the development of mindfulness-based interventions,which have been found to be effective in reducing symptoms of anxiety,depression,and chronic pain.The article also discusses the spread of Buddhist philosophy and its“prevention before disease”concept in different regions of the world and the potential benefits of integrating this philosophy into patient care.Here,we summarized the concept of“Prevention before Disease”in Buddhism and its specific content in Buddhist teachings and discussed its application&dissemination status in modern medicine.

Cancer burden in China:trends,risk factors and prevention

As the most populous country in the world,China has made strides in health promotion in the past few decades.With the aging population,the burden of cancer in China continues to grow.Changes in risk factors for cancer,especially diet,obesity,diabetes,and air pollution,continue to fuel the shift of cancer transition in China.The burden of upper gastrointestinal cancer in China is decreasing,but still heavy.The rising burden of colorectal,prostate,and breast cancers is also significant.Lung cancer became the top cause of cancer-related deaths,together with smoking as the most important contributor to cancer deaths.The Chinese government has taken several approaches to control cancer and cancer-related risk factors.Many achievements have been made,but some challenges remain.Health China 2030 is ambitious and depicts a bright vision of the future for cancer control in China.The decrease in the cancer burden in China will require cross-sector collaboration and coordinated efforts on primary and secondary preventions by governments,public health organizations,and individuals.In this review,we describe the trends of cancer burden and discuss cancer-related risk factors in China,identifying strategies to reduce the burden of cancer in China.

走向健康现代化的战略转型与实现路径:从“三医”联动到健康治理

健康现代化是社会主义现代化的重要内容。面对健康脆弱性,公共健康治理面临着治理界限交互扩大、治理内容更迭扩展、治理进程压缩叠加等诸多挑战。秉持人民中心、生命至上、系统整合、全民参与的公共健康治理理念,中国在提升健康公平性方面探索出一条医保、医疗与医药协同改革的发展之路。新时代进一步提升健康福祉,需要从“三医”联动到健康治理,通过互助共享的健康保障战略、医防融合的健康支持战略、均衡协同的健康服务战略和多元合作的健康促进战略,实现全人群、全周期、全方位为特征的全民健康福祉。基于此,走向健康现代化的具体路径包括,依托健康资源配置体制、健康制度协同机制、健康服务递送体系和健康行动协同网络,最终促进资源互通、结构改革、服务融合和治理提升。

Early-onset and later-onset cancer:trends,risk factors,and prevention in Northern China

The characteristics of early-onset(onset age<50 years)and later-onset(onset age≥50 years)cancers differ significantly.Identifying novel risk factors for both types of cancer is crucial for increasing awareness of cancer prevention and for reducing its burden.This study aimed to analyze the trends in incidence and risk factors for early-onset and late-onset cancers.We conducted a prospective study by drawing data from the Kailuan Study.This study included 6,741 participants with cancer(624 with early-onset cancer and 6,117 with later-onset cancer)and 6,780 matched controls among the 186,249 participants who underwent Kailuan health examinations from 2006 to 2019.The primary outcomes were cancer incidence rates,and associated risk factors for early-and later-onset cancer.Weighted Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of each exposure factor for early-and later-onset cancer by cancer type.Populationattributable risk proportions were used to estimate the number of cases that could be prevented by eliminating a risk factor from the population.Except for liver cancer,incidence rates for nearly all types of cancer increased during the study period.Smoking,alcohol consumption,lipid metabolism disorders,hypertension,diabetes mellitus,fatty liver,and inflammation were associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer at multiple sites,but risk factors for cancer incidence differed by site.Smoking,alcohol consumption,inflammation,and hypertension were the major contributors to preventable cancer.The incidence of several different types of cancer,including earlyonset cancer,is increasing in northeastern China.Differences in risk factors between early-onset and later-onset malignancies may contribute to the divergence in the observed changes in incidence trends between these two specific types of cancer.

中国式现代化进程中的风险防范机制构建研究

党的二十大报告对于全面建成社会主义现代化强国作了全面战略部署,在推进中国式现代化的进程中,如何防范化解风险成为我们必须回答的重大理论问题。构建一套具有中国特色、符合中国现代化实际的风险防范机制是防范化解现代化进程中各类风险的关键所在。构建全场域贯通的风险识别评估机制,分析研判现代化进程中所面临的全部风险;构建全手段运用的风险监测预警机制,实时掌握现代化进程中的风险动态和演变趋势;构建全周期治理的风险管控规避机制,建设闭环的风险治理体系;构建全主体协同的风险处置化解机制,形成大安全大应急框架。

Effects of policies and containment measures on control of COVID- 19 epidemic in Chongqing

BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is an emerging,rapidly evolving disease that spreads through the respiratory system and is highly contagious.In March 2020,the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic.In China,the pandemic was controlled after 2 mo through effective policies and containment measures.Describing the detailed policies and containment measures used to control the epidemic in Chongqing will provide a reference for the prevention and control of COVID-19 in other areas of the world.AIM To explore the effects of different policies and containment measures on the control of the COVID-19 epidemic in Chongqing.METHODS Epidemiological data on COVID-19 in Chongqing were prospectively collected from January 21 to March 15,2020.The policies and prevention measures implemented by the government during the epidemic period were also collected.Trend analysis was performed to explore the impact of the main policy measures on the effectiveness of the control of COVID-19 in Chongqing.As of March 15,the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 in Chongqing was 1.84/100000(576 cases)and the infection fatality rate was 1.04%(6/576).The spread of COVID-19 was controlled by effective policies that involved establishing a group for directing the COVID-19 epidemic control effort;strengthening guidance and supervision;ensuring the supply of daily necessities and medical supplies and equipment to residents;setting up designated hospitals;implementing legal measures;and enhancing health education.Medical techniques were implemented to improve the recovery rate and control the epidemic.Policies such as“the lockdown of Wuhan”,“initiating a first-level response to major public health emergencies”,and“implementing the closed management of residential communities”significantly curbed the spread of COVID-19.Optimizing the diagnosis process,shortening the diagnosis time,and constructing teams of clinical experts facilitated the provision of“one team of medical experts for each patient”treatment for severe patients,which significantly improved the recovery rate and reduced the infection fatality rate.CONCLUSION The prevention policies and containment measures implemented by the government and medical institutions are highly effective in controlling the spread of the epidemic and increasing the recovery rate of COVID-19 patients.

基于大数据交汇的中医“治未病”知识服务与临床应用系统构建

目的探讨中医治未病知识库与知识挖掘系统的构建思路和应用方法。方法以中医理论为指导,首先梳理中医治未病知识体系,根据中医治未病分类方法,设计中医治未病知识库结构及其关系;其次从治未病研究的需求出发,拟定中医治未病数据库的古今文献数据来源及知识采集方法;之后在治未病分类体系框架下,对核心知识进行专业标注、关系提取、知识审核等方面进行研究,并引入多种数据挖掘算法对知识进行分析发掘;最后将获得的海量资料与大数据分析、计算机机器学习相结合,从而实现智能化信息采集、病情分析和诊疗建议。结果在中医理论指导下的中医治未病知识库能够数字化、数据化、知识化的保存中医治未病基础知识、临床知识,并可以客观化的进行数据挖掘分析,为开展中医治未病知识服务和共享提供基础。结论中医治未病知识库是进行中医治未病知识数字化存储的重要方式,为中医治未病研究提供文献知识支撑和数据挖掘的客观化证据。

Modern Trend Found in Traditional Lives in Rural/Pastoral Areas

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Inheritance and Innovation of Traditional Music Culture in Modern Music Composition

Traditional music culture,from perspective of axiology,is considered the essence of arts of the era which witnesses the innovation of musical culture in various historical periods and drives the development of modern music,in which creative thoughts and ideas cherish the factor and perfection making a new request to aesthetics of its composition.Therefore,blending traditional music culture with modern music composition will generate new characteristics of classic elegance,artistic beauty and epoch aesthetics,bringing a new trend of the modern music composition into being and propelling actively to form creative thoughts and innovative ideas by utilizing inheritance and innovation of traditional music as carriers.

数字技术赋能中国现代慈善及其限度

在数字技术被快速应用于慈善事业但数字鸿沟、数字欺诈等问题却不断暴露的时期,十分有必要讨论数字技术如何赋能现代慈善及其限度这一问题。现代慈善从一种文化理念转化为一种全球性实践,科学技术的赋能作用十分关键。当前,数字技术沿着科学技术赋能现代慈善的基本进路,在公益化、大众化、效率化和法治化四个方面有效促进了中国现代慈善事业发展,与此同时产生了“逆公益化”“参与冷漠”、公平与效率失衡、法治信任弱化等潜在风险。要持续发挥数字技术的赋能作用并防范其风险,亟需加强政策供给,尽快开展数字慈善监测评估工作,以及积极促进慈善事业线上线下融合发展。

新中国渠道防渗工程技术发展历程与展望

渠道是灌溉工程的重要组成部分,渠道防渗工程技术发展对促进我国农业节水和农业生产发展,保障国家水安全和粮食安全具有重要意义。总结提出了新中国渠道防渗工程技术发展历程包括恢复起步、试验探索、稳步发展和快速提高4个阶段,详细阐述了渠道防渗工程技术发展现状,总结了渠道防渗工程技术发展中存在的问题,提出了渠道防渗工程技术的发展趋势,认为渠道防渗技术未来发展应与现代化灌区建设相适应,与水生态和水环境建设相协调,与新质生产力发展相融合,应积极开展新型防渗材料、冻胀破坏防治技术、机械化施工技术及生态环境影响等方面的研究与推广应用。

某综合医院皮肤性病科门诊梅毒感染分析

目的统计2017年1月至2022年12月滨州医学院附属医院皮肤性病科门诊就诊患者梅毒感染情况,分析其感染率及流行趋势,为制定梅毒防控措施提供依据。方法收集自愿进行梅毒检测患者的一般资料、梅毒螺旋体颗粒凝集试验(TPPA)和快速血浆反应素试验(RPR)检测数据,并进行统计学处理和分析。结果2017至2022年,该院皮肤性病科门诊累计筛查患者6290例,阳性感染者3198例,年筛查人群阳性感染率分别为54.58%、53.19%、52.35%、49.79%、46.21%、45.89%。现症感染者1321例(21.00%),年筛查人群现症感染率分别为23.21%、21.84%、20.99%、19.72%、19.53%、19.45%。感染高发年龄主要集中在21~40岁。感染人群中女性占比高于男性(P<0.05),性别比例为1:0.89。2017至2019年女性占比分别为51.92%、53.19%、58.24%,呈逐年上升趋势,而2020至2022年女性占比明显下降,分别为50.32%、50.81%、50.27%。结论梅毒感染率整体呈缓慢降低趋势,21~40岁为梅毒感染高发年龄段,女性感染率高于男性,而40岁以后女性则低于男性。因此,应加大对梅毒等性传播疾病的监测力度。

病毒传播变异与人群交叉活动的相互影响及扩散模型研究

针对当前人际传染病毒高发态势,综合考虑病毒传播变异的随机特征和人群交叉活动之间的相互影响,提出并设计了多智能体模拟仿真推演模型。将病毒个体的外在致病性、传染性特征和人群个体的外在活动、免疫特征进行量化,将病毒个体与人群个体之间的相互依存及对抗过程进行建模,通过模型推演大量病毒个体和人群个体的发展趋势和统计特征。通过实验分析揭示了单个病毒变异方向的随机性不影响病毒群体变异发展方向的确定性:即病毒群体的致病性强度不断降低直到稳定在低值区间内,病毒群体的传染性强度不断升高,直到稳定在较高的数值区间内。给出了影响病毒传播变异过程的关键外在参数,可为高致病性病毒早期防控提供政策建议。

从同文馆到北京大学:近代中国“Peking University”概念考论

从晚清到民国,“Peking University”的指称对象先后包括京师同文馆、汇文书院、京师大学堂、私立燕京大学和国立北京大学五所驻京高等教育机构,其中既有国立最高学府,也有私立教会学校。虽然部分属于非正式名称,但仍具有广泛社会影响。语言概念的重叠带来话语表达中的歧义,同时也投射出多元复杂的历史图景。依据档案、报刊、辞书、回忆录等材料,返回历史现场,梳理近代中国“Peking University”概念的生成和流变,从中考察新式教育的引入、中西观念的互动及文化空间的形成,有助于探求译名背后的知识建构、教育转型与社会变迁。

知识图谱视角下的国内现代中式家具研究的可视化分析

运用知识图谱,对国内现代中式家具的研究现状进行梳理,归纳现代中式家具的研究热点与趋势,提出未来展望。选取2001年到2023年中国知网数据库中文献资料为研究资料来源,利用CiteSpace软件,对文献的作者、研究机构、关键词等内容进行知识图谱绘制和可视化分析。研究发现:研究机构以农林院校为主;研究热点有9个聚类,包括现代中式家具、新中式家具、明式家具、创新设计等;根据关键词聚类、突现词和时间线分析,现代中式家具未来研究可从创新体系、数字化设计、智能制造、意境营造、现代语境、地域性及民族性研究等方面开展。