The regional distribution of perceived temperatures （PT） for 28 major weather stations in South Korea during the past 22 years （1983-2004） was investigated by employing a human heat budget model, the Klima-Michel ...The regional distribution of perceived temperatures （PT） for 28 major weather stations in South Korea during the past 22 years （1983-2004） was investigated by employing a human heat budget model, the Klima-Michel model. The frequencies of a cold stress and a heat load by each region were compared. The sensitivity of PT in terms of the input of synoptic meteorological variables were successfully tested. Seogwipo in Jeju Island appears to be the most comfortable city in Korea. Busan also shows a high frequency in the comfortable PT range. The frequency of the thermal comfort in Seoul is similar to that of Daejeon with a relatively low frequency. In this study, inland cities like Daegu and Daejeon had very hot thermal sensations. Low frequencies of hot thermal sensations appeared in coastal cities （e.g., Busan, Incheon, and Seogwipo）. Most of the 28 stations in Korea exhibited a comfort thermal sensation over 40% in its frequency, except for the mountainous regions. The frequency of a heat load is more frequent than that of a cold stress. There are no cities with very cold thermal sensations. In this study, we found the decreasing trend of mortality with an increasing PT. If the PT is over any critical temperature point, however, the mortality rate increases again. The mortality variation with the PT of a station seems to be associated with the latitudinal location of the station, implying that it results from a regional acclimation effect of inhabitants.展开更多
In the consensus-reaching process(CRP),the actual utility of decision-makers(DMs)is often influenced by the psychological behavior of regret aversion.However,the influence of regret aversion on DMs’utilities is rarel...In the consensus-reaching process(CRP),the actual utility of decision-makers(DMs)is often influenced by the psychological behavior of regret aversion.However,the influence of regret aversion on DMs’utilities is rarely taken into account in the existing consensus models.The consensus-reaching problem of DMs with regret aversion is explored to maximize their perceived utilities under a limited budget.Firstly,three basic types of perceived utility functions are constructed based on the regret theory to describe the perceived utility of DMs with various preferences.Then,considering the limited budget and individual regret aversion,the maximum perceived utility consensus models based on types of left-skewed,right-skewed,middle-skewed,and heterogeneous utility preferences are proposed to achieve the consensus that maximizes the group perceived utility.After that,an example of land-transfer price negotiation in China is given to illustrate the validity of the proposed models.Finally,the model comparison and the sensitivity analysis are presented to reveal the influence of DMs’regret aversion on the CRP.The results suggest that the DMs’regret aversion will not affect left-skewed and right-skewed groups,but will affect the consensus results of middle-skewed and heterogeneous groups.展开更多
To guide the illuminating design to improve the on-state performances of gallium arsenide(GaAs)photoconductive semiconductor switch(PCSS),the effect of spot size on the operation mode of GaAsPCSS based on a semi-insul...To guide the illuminating design to improve the on-state performances of gallium arsenide(GaAs)photoconductive semiconductor switch(PCSS),the effect of spot size on the operation mode of GaAsPCSS based on a semi-insulating wafer with a thickness of 1 mm,triggered by a 1064-nm extrinsic laser beam with the rectangular spot,has been investigated experimentally.It is found that the variation of the spot size in length and width can act on the different parts of the output waveform integrating the characteristics of the linear and nonlinear modes,and then significantly boosts the PCSS toward different operation modes.On this basis,a two-channel model containing the active and passive parts is introduced to interpret the relevant influencing mechanisms.Results indicate that the increased spot length can peak the amplitude of static domains in the active part to enhance the development of the nonlinear switching,while the extended spot width can change the distribution of photogenerated carriers on both parts to facilitate the linear switching and weaken the nonlinear switching,which have been proved by comparing the domain evolutions under different spot sizes.展开更多
目的运用技术接受理论调查工作实践中电子病历系统(electronic medical record,EMR)的用户感知,分析影响使用行为的外部因素与内在机制,为系统设计提供理论参考。方法采用机械抽样抽取新疆地区6所医院487名EMR用户为研究对象,设计基于...目的运用技术接受理论调查工作实践中电子病历系统(electronic medical record,EMR)的用户感知,分析影响使用行为的外部因素与内在机制,为系统设计提供理论参考。方法采用机械抽样抽取新疆地区6所医院487名EMR用户为研究对象,设计基于技术接受理论的EMR用户感知行为调查问卷,运用AMOS 16.0结构方程建模工具建立分析模型,分析感知技术、感知过程、结果间相互作用机制。结果易用性可使用户对诊疗过程复杂性的感知产生显著的负向影响(β=-0.426,P<0.05),有用性可对复杂性产生显著的负向影响(β=-0.359,P<0.05),有用性可对刚性产生显著的负向影响(β=-0.353,P<0.05),复杂性可对用户行为、态度产生显著的负向影响(β=-0.307,P<0.01),刚性可对用户行为、态度产生显著的负向影响(β=-0.212,P<0.05),易用性无法对有用性感知产生显著的影响(β=0.181,P>0.05)。结论感知技术特性与感知过程特性决定了用户使用EMR的态度与行为;厘清影响态度与行为的因素,对持续推动EMR在医疗卫生机构的深入使用具有重要意义。展开更多
基金supported by the Research and Development Program of KMA (GrantNo.:metri-2008-B-10)
文摘The regional distribution of perceived temperatures （PT） for 28 major weather stations in South Korea during the past 22 years （1983-2004） was investigated by employing a human heat budget model, the Klima-Michel model. The frequencies of a cold stress and a heat load by each region were compared. The sensitivity of PT in terms of the input of synoptic meteorological variables were successfully tested. Seogwipo in Jeju Island appears to be the most comfortable city in Korea. Busan also shows a high frequency in the comfortable PT range. The frequency of the thermal comfort in Seoul is similar to that of Daejeon with a relatively low frequency. In this study, inland cities like Daegu and Daejeon had very hot thermal sensations. Low frequencies of hot thermal sensations appeared in coastal cities （e.g., Busan, Incheon, and Seogwipo）. Most of the 28 stations in Korea exhibited a comfort thermal sensation over 40% in its frequency, except for the mountainous regions. The frequency of a heat load is more frequent than that of a cold stress. There are no cities with very cold thermal sensations. In this study, we found the decreasing trend of mortality with an increasing PT. If the PT is over any critical temperature point, however, the mortality rate increases again. The mortality variation with the PT of a station seems to be associated with the latitudinal location of the station, implying that it results from a regional acclimation effect of inhabitants.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71901058)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.2232018H-07)。
文摘In the consensus-reaching process(CRP),the actual utility of decision-makers(DMs)is often influenced by the psychological behavior of regret aversion.However,the influence of regret aversion on DMs’utilities is rarely taken into account in the existing consensus models.The consensus-reaching problem of DMs with regret aversion is explored to maximize their perceived utilities under a limited budget.Firstly,three basic types of perceived utility functions are constructed based on the regret theory to describe the perceived utility of DMs with various preferences.Then,considering the limited budget and individual regret aversion,the maximum perceived utility consensus models based on types of left-skewed,right-skewed,middle-skewed,and heterogeneous utility preferences are proposed to achieve the consensus that maximizes the group perceived utility.After that,an example of land-transfer price negotiation in China is given to illustrate the validity of the proposed models.Finally,the model comparison and the sensitivity analysis are presented to reveal the influence of DMs’regret aversion on the CRP.The results suggest that the DMs’regret aversion will not affect left-skewed and right-skewed groups,but will affect the consensus results of middle-skewed and heterogeneous groups.
基金supported in part by the Huxiang Youth Talent Support Program(No.2020RC3030)in part by the Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Laser Technology(Nos.SKL2021ZR02 and SKL2021KF05)。
文摘To guide the illuminating design to improve the on-state performances of gallium arsenide(GaAs)photoconductive semiconductor switch(PCSS),the effect of spot size on the operation mode of GaAsPCSS based on a semi-insulating wafer with a thickness of 1 mm,triggered by a 1064-nm extrinsic laser beam with the rectangular spot,has been investigated experimentally.It is found that the variation of the spot size in length and width can act on the different parts of the output waveform integrating the characteristics of the linear and nonlinear modes,and then significantly boosts the PCSS toward different operation modes.On this basis,a two-channel model containing the active and passive parts is introduced to interpret the relevant influencing mechanisms.Results indicate that the increased spot length can peak the amplitude of static domains in the active part to enhance the development of the nonlinear switching,while the extended spot width can change the distribution of photogenerated carriers on both parts to facilitate the linear switching and weaken the nonlinear switching,which have been proved by comparing the domain evolutions under different spot sizes.
文摘目的运用技术接受理论调查工作实践中电子病历系统(electronic medical record,EMR)的用户感知,分析影响使用行为的外部因素与内在机制,为系统设计提供理论参考。方法采用机械抽样抽取新疆地区6所医院487名EMR用户为研究对象,设计基于技术接受理论的EMR用户感知行为调查问卷,运用AMOS 16.0结构方程建模工具建立分析模型,分析感知技术、感知过程、结果间相互作用机制。结果易用性可使用户对诊疗过程复杂性的感知产生显著的负向影响(β=-0.426,P<0.05),有用性可对复杂性产生显著的负向影响(β=-0.359,P<0.05),有用性可对刚性产生显著的负向影响(β=-0.353,P<0.05),复杂性可对用户行为、态度产生显著的负向影响(β=-0.307,P<0.01),刚性可对用户行为、态度产生显著的负向影响(β=-0.212,P<0.05),易用性无法对有用性感知产生显著的影响(β=0.181,P>0.05)。结论感知技术特性与感知过程特性决定了用户使用EMR的态度与行为;厘清影响态度与行为的因素,对持续推动EMR在医疗卫生机构的深入使用具有重要意义。
