The Relationship Between the Communist Party of China and the Japanese Communist Party During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression

It is important to clarify the historical facts and summarize the characteristics of the communication and cooperation between the CPC and the JCP during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression,as it holds historical and contemporary relevance.The research findings indicate that the Comintern played a crucial role as the key intermediary in facilitating the establishment of connections between the CPC and the JCP and in driving the deepening of their relationship.During their exchanges,both parties adhered to a flexible and multi-layered friendship based on the unified values of patriotism and internationalism.Their efforts played a significant role in the establishment of an international anti-fascist front in the East.

The Relationship Between the Communist Party of China and the Japanese Communist Party During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression

It is important to clarify the historical facts and summarize the characteristics of the communication and cooperation between the CPC and the JCP during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, as it holds historical and contemporary relevance. The research findings indicate that the Comintern played a crucial role as the key intermediary in facilitating the establishment of connections between the CPC and the JCP and in driving the deepening of their relationship. During their exchanges, both parties adhered to a flexible and multi-layered friendship based on the unified values of patriotism and internationalism. Their efforts played a significant role in the establishment of an international anti-fascist front in the East.

Is It about a Bicycle? A Posthumanist Perspective on the Role of Women’s Bicycles in WWII Resistance Movements

Drawing upon Donna Haraway’s cyborg theory,this paper argues that the bicycle can be conceived as a cyborg extension of body and identity which transcended its mechanical essence to become an integral co-partner for women involved in resistance activities in WWII.More specifically,the study explores how women used cycling during World War Ⅱ not only for mobility but as a profound expression of courage,endurance and solidarity which enabled them to overcome physical and symbolic barriers under totalitarian regimes.The bicycle emerges not only as a central co-agent but also actively co-creates the situations in which it emerges as a transformative force.Cycling acted as a catalyst for personal and collective empowerment,fostering new subjectivities while transcending physical and social limitations.This study sparks multidimensional discourse on how technological tools can co-create our societies and identities,offering insights into how bicycles can drive socio-political change,promote emancipation and foster inclusivity.

Regard History as a Mirror and Create a New World of Peace,Development and Cooperation—In Commemoration of the 60^(th) Anniversary of the Victory of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World's Anti-Fascist War

The year 2005 marks the 60th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the world’s anti-fascist war. China and many other countries have held all kinds of activities to commemorate this event that has most deeply impacted human history. The Second World War, the crudest war

Commemorating the 50th anniversary of the Victory of the war of Resistance against Japan

Chapter 1. Shenton mountain Battle making Great Prestige to the 129th DivisionChapter 2. A fierce fight in the Xiangtang town stricking the observating KMT Gen-erals dumbChapter 3. Rush Attack ! Surpris attack ! the 129th Division Creating A classics ofQuick attackChapter 4. Commanded by Mao Zedong, the 129th Division Rushed toward the GreatPlainChapter 5. Fallowing the Great Victory of the Xiang cheng Mountain Campaign,Casting a iarge net on the Southern Jinan Plain by the Commanders Liuand

Modellings of Infectious Diseases and Cancers under Wars and Pollution Impacts in Iraq with Reference to a Novel Mathematical Model and Literature Review

Microbial pathogens include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites and together account for a significant percentage of acute and chronic human diseases. In addition to understanding the mechanisms by which various pathogens cause human disease, research in microbial pathogenesis also addresses mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance and the development of new antimicrobial agents and vaccines. Answering fundamental questions regarding host-microbe interactions requires an interdisciplinary approach, including microbiology, genomics, informatics, molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry, immunology, epidemiology, environment and interaction between host and microbe. Studies investigating the direct effects of pollutants on respiratory tract infections are very vast, but those interested in the role of a pre-existing disease and effects of the exposure on the response to secondary stresses are few. In an experimental study at concentrations of air pollutants found in urban environments, frank toxicological responses are rarely observed, however, exposure to secondary stress like the respiratory challenge with infectious bacteria can exacerbate the response of the experimental host. The models like experimental, mechanical, and mathematical are the most abstract, but they allow analysis and logical proofs in a way that other approaches do not permit. The present review is mostly concerned with these model representations particularly with a novel mathematical model explaining the interaction between pathogen and immunity including the equivalence point.

Application of a RaNS and PF-Based Method to Study the Resistance and Motion of a Bulk Carrier

Resistance prediction of ships using computational fluid dynamics has gained popularity over the years because of its high accuracy and low cost. This paper conducts numerical estimations of the ship resistance and motion of a Japan bulk carrier model using SHIP_Motion, a Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RaNS)-based solver, and HydroSTAR, a commercial potential flow (PF)-based solver. The RaNS solver uses an overset-structured mesh and discretizes the flow field using the finite volume method, while the PF-based solver applies the three-dimensional panel method. In the calm water test, the total drag coefficient, sinkage, and trim were predicted using the RaNS solver following mesh dependency analysis, and the results were compared with the available experimental data. Next, calm water resistance was investigated for a range of Froude numbers. The added resistance in short-wave cases was simulated using both RaNS and PF solvers, and the results were compared. The PF solver showed better agreement with the RaNS solver for predicting motion responses than for predicting added resistance. While the added resistance results could not be directly validated because of the absence of experimental data, considering the previous accuracy of the RaNS solver in added resistance prediction and general added resistance profile of similar hull forms (bulk carriers), the prediction results could be concluded to be reliable.

Seafood as a Reservoir of Gram-negative Bacteria Carrying Integrons and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Japan

PCR and DNA sequencing were used to screen and characterize integrons and resistance genes in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from seafood products in Japan.A total of 215 Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from local and imported seafood samples collected from retail markets in Hiroshima Prefecture.Class 1 integrons containing gene cassettes encoding resistance to trimethoprim

The Fiercest Battle of World War Ⅱ

What is unique about the Battle of Imphal during the World War II is that it was the fiercest Battle of the war.Moreover,most inhabitants of the Indian subcontinent had never heard of Imphal,the capital of Manipur.Manipur is located in a North East pocket of the country sharing an international border with Myanmar,and at the time the battle occurred,the British ruling in India was extremely interested in Burma.In this Battle known as“Japan Lan”it was the Japanese Imperial Army that were the aggressors.When they came to Manipur,the Manipuris were surprised to see them-as they had probably never encountered any Japanese,because in physical appearance they resembled one another,and because they did not know the purpose of the Japanese entry into Manipur.This paper highlights why the people of Manipur had empathy for the aggressor,and the reaction of the indigenous communities to the Japanese invasion and the Battle of Imphal.

Essay on Haruki Murakami’s The Last Lawn of the Afternoon:The Shadow of America Lurking in the Everyday Order

The Last Lawn of the Afternoon is one of Haruki Murakami’s most important early short stories.In this paper,I avoid conventional arguments,focusing my analysis on the encounter between the middle-aged woman and Boku,and the work’s historical backdrop and setting instead.This reveals how Boku’s personal experience speaks to the everyday lives of Japanese citizens at the mercy of circumstances in postwar Japan under American influence and international events.It appears that Murakami attempts to convert the personal minority“memories”,lurking in the everyday order of postwar Japan,into“novels”as open collaborative storiesin his early short stories.

The New Spiritual Elements and Artistic Exploration of Chinese Buddhist Literature during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression

Modern Chinese Buddhist literature of the war of resistance against Japanese aggression is a unique literary phenomenon written in a unique era.Thematically,it combines the modern Buddhist consciousness of citizenship and the traditional spirit of the Way of the Bodhisattva.In terms of individual life experience,it responds to the spirit of the times through the conscious and innovative use of Buddhist conceptions introduced in a modern manner;in terms of identifying a social role,its artistic practice consciously and actively answers the call of China’s wartime cultural strategy;and in terms of artistic production,it vigorously promotes modernization of expression and popular participation.These new elements and tendencies offer a perspective that cannot be overlooked if we are to gain an in-depth and comprehensive appreciation and evaluation of the role of wartime Buddhist literature in China’s national war of resistance.

Remembering Student Activities in Hong Kong During the War of Resistance Against Japan (Ⅰ)

COMPATRIOTS in Hong Kong share a revolutionary tradition. Early in 1922 and 1925, the Seamen’s Strike and Guangdong-Hong Kong Strike were taking place in Hong Kong, shocking the country and the world. During the one-year-long Guangdong-Hong Kong Strike, many family members of workers also fought. Late in 1936, influenced by the upsurge of resistance against Japanese aggression in the country, people in Hong Kong rose up to help save the nation. Save-the-nation associations of women, students and literary and art circles went up one after another. When the news that

Remembering Student Activities in Hong Kong During the War of Resistance Against Japan(Ⅱ)

SINCE its foundation, the Hong Kong Student Association (HKSA) was productive, achieving much success and gaing public support."The students have been organized and shown the power of the collective. It is an ordinary thing on the Mainland, bu is a miracle in Hong Kong...," Shen Pao newspaper read. "The Hong Kong student movement seems promising for Hong Kong youth. The future is bright as the Chinese nation has such promising young people." In 1940, we ended the HKSA’s work. The female students’ work shifted to schools. Female student leaders went

强制留学:抗战时期日本的中国占领区留日警察政策

抗战时期,日本政府强令中国占领区各伪政权选派警察赴内务省警察讲习所留学,各伪政权大多以刚刚成立或财政困难为由,提出不派、缓派、少派请求,但在当地日军、日本使领馆和内务省派遣人员的压力下,不得不按照日本的原定计划选派。这些留日警察的接受、教育和管理,主要由外务省文化事业部和内务省警察讲习所协商负责。日本政府的目的是培养直接服务于其殖民统治和侵略战争政策的“协力者”,但它忽略了抗战时期中国人民族国家意识的增长,最终事与愿违。

从自在到自觉:中华民族观念的提出、发展和形成

“中华民族”是梁启超于1902年首先提出和使用的。到了民国初年和五四运动后,首先是“中华”作为国号或国名的确立,其次是第一次世界大战后民族解放运动的兴起及其影响,再次是马克思主义民族理论的广泛传播,这三个方面因素促进了中华民族观念在这一时期的发展。中华民族观念虽然在民国初年和五四运动后有了发展,但并没有像一些学者所认为的那样已经形成。原因一,当时人们使用的主要是“中国民族”而非“中华民族”,“中华民族”和“中国民族”虽然只有一字之别,但含义是不同的;原因二,很多人是在“汉族”的含义上使用“中华民族”这一观念的。中华民族观念的形成是在抗日战争时期,其原因有三个方面:“中华民族是生死与共、命运与共之共同体”的意识开始形成,各民族交往交流交融扩大,中华民族观念广泛传播。中华民族观念形成的标志是1939年毛泽东《中国革命和中国共产党》一文的发表。

甲午战争前后王韬对日认识的变与不变

王韬作为第一代改良思想家,其对日认识的真知灼见迄今仍令人叹为观止。从明治维新到甲午战争,王韬的日本观既有时代性的变化,又有主体性的固守,他总是能够具有超强的预见能力。明治初期,他有过对日本施行近代化维新政策的赞赏;甲午战争前,在日本考察期间,他也曾对日本盲目学习西方的举动表示不可取;甲午战争后,他还预言了日本发动侵略战争的灾难性后果。王韬对民族、国家和国际危局抱有强烈的关心,在其落拓不羁的外表下,始终怀揣着可贵的政治品质——对国家的关怀和对民族的期望。王韬日本观的变化过程是对日本时局的锐意观察与精准预测,在日期间虽因家庭不幸及仕途不畅有自我放纵的表现,但是其家国情怀自始至终没有改变。

史料所见丁汝昌自尽诸家说及相应价值误判

关于丁汝昌自尽的问题,百多年来聚讼纷纭。实际上,无论是日本人《劝降书》中的巧妙预设,还是中日双方臧否不一的两极认识,也无论是研究者们动用的古今中外标准,抑或史学爱好者凭心情勾画出的丁军门像,都未能完全贴近丁汝昌自决前的心理活动和决绝一念。爬疏原始史料并弄清这一问题,对于客观面对和解释新旧时代遭遇后东亚军政人物的价值判断标准及其实效性,或有补益。

抗战时期东南地区的文艺民族形式讨论

抗战时期,闽浙赣粤四省毗连的东南地区,是一块相对独立的抗战区域。发生在这一区域的文艺民族形式讨论,规模足以与以延安为中心的西北地区和以重庆、桂林为中心的西南地区的讨论鼎足而三。东南地区的文艺民族形式讨论,没有形成讨论的焦点,但形成了几个较为固定的论域,且取得了一些较为相近的意见,在“孤悬东南”“区自为战”的情况下,还形成了自己的区域性特征,做出了自己独特的贡献。

家国之间:抗战时期内迁民间戏班的生存之道——以厉家班为例

抗战时期,民间戏曲班社云集于西南大后方。民间戏班既要进行商演以谋取生存,亦要为抗日救亡而进行公(义)演。如何协调好二者的关系,是民间戏班需要面对的重要命题。厉家班在内迁过程中,虽屡历险境,仍然以极大的热情参与各种抗战义演活动,创编新剧鼓舞民众,并有意识地将宣传与募捐融入舞台表演,体现出深沉的家国情怀。厉家班在烽火中逆势发展,得力于厉家班“严”字当头的治班制度、科学的教育理念以及班主的社会活动能力。厉家班的生命轨迹,已然超越个体戏班的价值,而成为观照战时中国民间戏剧团体命运的典型符号。