A New Precipitation Index for the Spatiotemporal Distribution of Drought and Flooding in the Reaches of the Yangtze and Huaihe Rivers and Related Characteristics of Atmospheric Circulation

Characteristics of the spatiotemporal distributions of precipitation anomalies in the reaches of the Yangtze River and Huaihe River （YHR） were studied using EOF method. Four main precipitation pat-terns for the YHR in summer identified by the first two modes： a region-wide flood over the entire YHR （RWF）; a region-wide drought over the entire YHR （RWD）; a flood in the south with a drought in the northern region of the Yangtze River （FS-DN）; and a drought in the south with a flood in the northern region of the Yangtze River （DS-FN）. Based on the first two modes and the actual precipitation departure percentage, a new precipitation index is defined in this paper. The typical flood/drought years associated with the various rainfall patterns defined by this precipitation index are more representative and closer to reality compared to some existing precipitation indexes which just use the area-mean precipitation or the EOF time components individually. The characteristics of atmospheric circulation in summer corresponding to the four main precipitation patterns over the YHR in summer show the features of atmospheric circulation differ in different precipitation pattern years. Although the different patterns share a common main influential circulation system, such as the blocking high over northeastern Asia, the low trough of westerly flows in the mid latitudes, the West Pacific Subtropical High （WPSH）, and the high ridge over the Tibet Plateau, the difference in location and intensity of these systems can lead to different distributions of precipitation anomalies.

Anomalous Midsummer Rainfall in Yangtze River-Huaihe River Valleys and Its Association with the East Asia Westerly Jet

In this study, the interannual and interdecadal relationship between midsummer Yangtze River-Huaihe River valley （YHRV） rainfall and the position of the East Asia westerly jet （EAWJ） were investigated. The midsummer YHRV rainfall was found to significantly increase after the 1980s. Moreover, the location of the EAWJ was found abnormally south of the climatic mean during 1980–2008 （ID2） compared to 1951–1979 （ID1）. During ID2, associated with the southward movement of the EAWJ, an anomalous upper-level conver-gence occurred over middle-high latitudes （35° –55° N） and divergence occurred over lower latitudes （～30°N） of East Asia. Correspondingly, anomalous descending and ascending motion was observed in middle-high and lower latitudes along 90°–130° E, respectively, favoring more precipitation over YHRV. On an interan-nual time scale, the EAWJ and YHRV rainfall exhibited similar relationships during the two periods. When the EAWJ was centered abnormally southward, rainfall over YHRV tended to increase. However, EAWJ-related circulations were significantly different during the two periods. During ID1, the circulation of the southward-moving EAWJ exhibited alternating positive–negative–positive distributions from low to middle– high latitudes along the East Asian coast; the most significant anomaly appeared west of the Okhotsk Sea. However, during ID2 the EAWJ was more closely correlated with the tropical and subtropical circulations. Significant differences between ID1 and ID2 were also recorded sea surface temperatures （SSTs）. During ID1, the EAWJ was influenced by the extratropical SST over the northern Pacific; however, the EAWJ was more significantly affected by the SST of the tropical western Pacific during ID2.

Possible connection between anomalous activity of Scandinavian Atmospheric Teleconnection Pattern and winter snowfall in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin of China

The temporal and spatial characteristics of winter snowfall in the Yangtze–Huaihe River Basin (YHRB) of China and its possible connection with Scandinavian Atmospheric Teleconnection Pattern (SCAND) anomalies are explored based on daily meteorological data contained in the Daily Surface Climate Dataset for China (V3.0) during the period 1960–2012. Results show that winter snowfall in the YHRB exhibits consistent anomalies over the whole region for the interannual variation during 1960–2012. Further analysis suggests that winter snowfall anomalies in the YHRB are closely linked to the anomalous wintertime SCAND activity. When there is more winter snowfall in the YHRB, SCAND is usually in a positive phase, accompanied by a strengthened Urals blocking high and East Asian trough, which is conducive to strengthened cold-air activity, intensified vertical motions, and more water vapor transport in the YHRB. In contrast, less winter snowfall in the YHRB usually happens in the negative phase of SCAND. Our results provide useful information to better understand the relevant mechanism responsible for anomalous winter snowfall in this area.

Contrasts of Atmospheric Circulation and Associated Tropical Convection between Huaihe River Valley and Yangtze River Valley Mei-yu Flooding

The significant differences of atmospheric circulation between flooding in the Huaihe and Yangtze River valleys during early mei-yu （i.e., the East Asian rainy season in June） and the related tropical convection were investigated. During the both flooding cases, although the geopotential height anomalies always exhibit equivalent barotropic structures in middle to high latitudes at middle and upper troposphere, the phase of the Rossby wave train is different over Eurasian continent. During flooding in the Huaihe River valley, only one single blocking anticyclone is located over Baikal Lake. In contrast, during flooding in the Yangtze River valley, there are two blocking anticyclones. One is over the Ural Mountains and the other is over Northeast Asia. In the lower troposphere a positive geopotential height anomaly is located at the western ridge of subtropical anticyclone over Western Pacific （SAWP） in both flooding cases, but the location of the height anomaly is much farther north and west during the Huaihe River mei-yu flooding. Fhrthermore, abnormal rainfall in the Huaihe River valley and the regions north of it in China is closely linked with the latent heating anomaly over the Arabian Sea and Indian peninsula. However, the rainfall in the Yangtze River valley and the regions to its south in China is strongly related to the convection over the western tropical Pacific. Numerical experiments demonstrated that the enhanced latent heating over the Arabian Sea and Indian peninsula causes water vapor convergence in the region south of Tibetan Plateau and in the Huaihe River valley extending to Japan Sea with enhanced precipitation; and vapor divergence over the Yangtze River valley and the regions to its south with deficient precipitation. While the weakened convection in the tropical West Pacific results in moisture converging over the Yangtze River and the region to its south, along with abundant rainfall.

Analysis of Causes and Seasonal Prediction of the Severe Floods in Yangtze／Huaihe Basins during Summer 1991

The present paper shows that a seasonal prediction for the large scale flooding and waterlogging of the mid-lower Yangtze/ Huaihe River basins in the summer of 1991 made successfully in early April 1991.The seasonal forecasting method and some predictors are also introduced and analyzed herein. Because the extra extent of the abnormally early onset of the plum rain period in 1991 was unexpected,great efforts have been made to find out the causes of this abnormality. These causes are mainly associated with the large scale warming of SST surrounding the south and east part of Asia during the preceding winter,while the ENSO-like pattern of SSTA occurred in the North Pacific.In addition,the possible influence of strong solar proton events is analyzed.In order to improve the seasonal pre4iction the usage of the predicted SOl in following spring/summer is also introduced.The author believes thatthe regional climate anomaly can be correctly predicted for one season ahead only on the basis of physical understanding of the interactions of many preceding factors.

On the Relationship between the Winter Eurasian Teleconnection Pattern and the Following Summer Precipitation over China

The Eurasian teleconnection pattern （EU） is an important low-frequency pattern with well-known impacts on climate anomalies in Eurasia. The difference of low-level v-winds in several regions in the Eurasian mid-high latitudes is defined as the EU index （EUIv）. In this study, the relationship between the winter EUIv and precipitation in the following summer over China is investigated. Results show that there is a significant positive （negative） correlation between the winter EUIv and the following summer precipitation over North China （the Yangtze River-Huaihe River basins）. Meanwhile, an interdecadal variability exists in the interannual relationship, and the correlation has become significantly enhanced since the early 1980s. Thus, the proposed EUIv may have implications for the prediction of summer precipitation anomalies over China. In positive winter EUIv years, three cyclonic circulation anomalies are observed--over the Ural Mountains, the Okhotsk Sea, and the subtropical western North Pacific. That is, the Ural blocking and Okhotsk blocking are inactive, zonal circulation prevails in the mid-high latitudes, and the western Pacific subtropical high tends to be weaker and locates to the north of its normal position in the following summer. This leads to above-normal moisture penetrating into the northern part of East China, and significant positive （negative） precipitation anomalies over North China （the Yangtze River-Huaihe River basins）, and vice versa. Further examination shows that the SST anomalies over the Northwest Pacific and subtropical central North Pacific may both contribute to the formation of EUIv-related circulation anomalies over the western North Pacific.

The Relationship of Land-Ocean Thermal Anomaly Difference with Mei-yu and South China Sea Summer Monsoon

Based on the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data for the period of 1948-2004 and the monthly rainfall data at 160 stations in China from 1951 to 2004, the relationships among the land-ocean temperature anomaly difference in the mid-lower troposphere in spring （April-May）, the mei-yu rainfall in the Yangtze River- Huaihe River basin, and the activities of the South China Sea summer monsoon （SCSSM） are analyzed by using correlation and composite analyses. Results show that a significant positive correlation exists between mei-yu rainfall and air temperature in the middle latitudes above the western Pacific, while a significant negative correlation is located to the southwest of the Baikal Lake. When the land-ocean thermal anomaly difference is stronger in spring, the western Pacific subtropical high （WPSH） will be weaker and retreat eastward in summer （June-July）, and the SCSSM will be stronger and advance further north, resulting in deficient moisture along the mei-yu front and below-normal precipitation in the mid and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and vice versa for the weaker difference case. The effects and relative importance of the land and ocean anomalous heating on monsoon variability is also compared. It is found that the land and ocean thermal anomalies are both closely related to the summer circulation and mei-yu rainfall and SCSSM intensity, whereas the land heating anomaly is more important than ocean heating in changing the land-ocean thermal contrast and hence the summer monsoon intensity.

多维空间视角下大运河、长江国家文化公园建设的比较研究

随着国家文化公园先后进入建设关键期,如何高质量推进国家文化公园建设成为亟需解决的关键问题。从多维空间视角比较研究大运河、长江国家文化公园建设,对于高质量推进两大国家文化公园建设具有重要的现实意义。文章尝试分别从地理空间、文化空间、文化认同“想象空间”视角对大运河、长江国家文化公园建设进行了比较研究,提出了利用地理空间特点推进国家文化公园建设的思路,在总结大运河国家文化公园文化空间建构经验的基础上提出长江国家文化公园文化空间建构思路,并从中华民族共同体文化认同“想象空间”视角提出了两大国家文化公园需要重点建构的“想象空间”。

引江济淮工程(河南段)水资源调配系统设计与开发

为强化引江济淮工程(河南段)水资源统一调配,基于Spring Boot和Vue前后端分离开发的模式,利用天地图API、WebGL、Echarts等技术设计研发引江济淮工程(河南段)水资源调配系统。从设计思路、功能界面、关键技术3个角度论述系统设计思路和实现过程,从而实现地理信息服务、供需水预测、水资源优化配置、水资源优化调度等功能,实现水量分配可视化、运行调度智能化和跨流域调水管控一体化。系统测试结果表明:引江济淮工程(河南段)水资源调配系统的建立提高了受水区水资源精细化管理的水平,解决了引江济淮工程(河南段)跨流域调水的配置难题,为受水区水资源高效利用提供有效的技术支撑。

元代文人的长江记忆建构及其文化认同——以“长江万里图”题咏为例

“长江万里图”题咏自宋发端,入元为盛。元代文人在题咏“长江万里图”的实践中实现了长江记忆的建构,包括宋末元初长江所蕴含的遗民兴亡反思和元廷经制长江的战略思想,以及在诗人与读者协同作用下凝定的关于长江经历、想象、文化的地理意象。元代文人“长江万里图”书写中的乘船上扬州、骑鹤上扬州和“扬州梦”的典故运用,从现实描述、文学想象以及文化记忆三个层面,塑造了扬州意象。“长江万里图”作为想象与实践的共同体,对它的题咏成为元代南北文人长江文化认同的媒介。在长江记忆的统摄之下,形成了元代文人的长江文化认同,分别是对隐逸文化和对大元气象的认同。长江文化认同反映了大一统时期元朝文人的中华民族共同体意识,此意识在元亡后短暂地表现为对故乡的归属感,随即汇入下一个一统时代的洪流。

粗骨料最大粒径对水工混凝土变形性能及长期耐久性的影响

为研究不同粗骨料最大粒径对水工混凝土的变形影响,探明国家标准规定的骨料粒级能否满足水工混凝土的要求,依托引江济淮工程,开展了粗骨料最大粒径为31.5 mm和40.0 mm的混凝土变形试验,探究2种骨料粒级混凝土长期耐久性能演变规律。结果表明:采用最大粒径31.5 mm骨料的混凝土极限拉伸值和弹性模量略大,动态疲劳性能较好;采用最大粒径40 mm骨料的混凝土干燥收缩以及自生体积变形小;2种不同骨料最大粒径的混凝土徐变度相当;采用最大粒径31.5 mm骨料的混凝土长期抗渗性和长期抗冻性均优于采用最大粒径40 mm骨料的混凝土。因此,最大粒径31.5 mm骨料应用于水工混凝土时,能满足水工混凝土性能要求且动态疲劳寿命及耐久性更优,但需要注意混凝土开裂问题。

长江文化的景观形象感知研究——以长江中下游若干滨江历史公园为考察对象

长江滨江岸线景观及历史文化资源丰富,在长江文化保护和传承中占有重要地位。文章以长江中下游4个城市的8个滨江历史公园为研究对象,结合风景资源类型对社交媒体数据中长江文化形象感知情况进行分析。结果显示:游客对长江自然景观形象感知充分,但多停留在认知形象层面,缺少情感形象层面感受;游客对长江文化的多样性感知不足,对其深层次的感知较弱;公园内除了被大家广泛接受的文化,还有许多被忽视的文化价值有待激活。

长三角一体化视域下启东“新江南文化”建构路径研究

长三角一体化发展战略强调区域内部的经济、社会等多方面的协同合作,以及文化在促进区域一体化中的重要作用。“新江南文化”是长三角地区的共有基因和精神纽带。以沙地文化为代表的启东地域文化与“新江南文化”历史渊源深厚。新时代建构启东“新江南文化”,能够为长三角文化软实力贡献新力量,也为启东文化整体发展带来新机遇。通过明确启东“新江南文化”的特点与定位,不断提升启东地域文化在长三角地区的影响力,紧紧抓住长三角一体化发展战略机遇,加强顶层设计与政策引领、文化交流与平台建设、文化与产业融合发展、培养地域文化人才等增强自身文化创新和吸引力,有助于实现启东地域文化与“新江南文化”的融合创新发展,打造长三角人共享一体化高质量发展的美好生活景象。

长三角红色文化资源开发对城乡差距的纾解效应——来自长三角地区25个革命老区县域数据的经验证据

文章基于我国长三角地区革命老区县域面板数据,考察红色文化资源开发对城乡差距的纾解作用及其影响机制。结果表明,红色文化资源开发对城乡差距存在显著的纾解作用,产业结构转型升级和公共服务供给水平提升在红色文化资源开发助力缩小城乡差距过程中,具有显著的间接作用。此外,红色文化资源开发对纾解城乡差距具有显著的空间溢出效应。因此,应以红色文化资源开发为抓手,大力培育新业态,为革命老区产业转型赋能;持续强化基础设施建设并提高公共服务水平,进一步发挥革命老区的示范作用;加快红色文化资源开发的联动与合作,不断缩小城乡差距以实现共同富裕。

长江国家文化公园沿线省市文化旅游吸引力与数字经济水平耦合协调研究

长江国家文化公园是传承和弘扬长江文化,推动新时代文化繁荣发展的重大工程。以长江国家文化公园涉及13省市为研究区域,运用耦合协调度模型、相对发展度模型、逐步回归模型和地理加权回归模型测量文化旅游吸引力和数字经济发展水平耦合发展状况,并探讨其影响因素。结果表明:(1)十三省市文化旅游吸引力评价指数处于0.05~0.8,呈“弱势区”和“强势带”交错分布的空间格局;数字经济评价指数处于0.04~0.75,整体水平偏低且空间差异显著。(2)文化旅游吸引力与数字经济水平的耦合协调值在0.25~0.9,大多处于中高水平,自东向西由极高水平协调向极低水平协调变化。西藏、云南等8省属于数字经济滞后型,江苏和浙江为发展同步型,青海、重庆和上海3省市属于文化旅游吸引力滞后型。(3)对二者耦合协调发展的影响程度大小排序为旅游服务设施>交通通达程度>经济发展水平。

A comparative study of the atmospheric circulations associated with rainy-season floods between the Yangtze and Huaihe River Basins

Here we present the results from the composite analyses of the atmospheric circulations and physical quantity fields associated with rainy-season for the selected floods cases over the Yangtze and Huaihe River basins for the 21 years(1990–2010),using the daily rain gauge measurements taken in the 756 stations throughout China and the NCEP/reanalysis data for the rainyseasons(June–July)from 1990 to 2010.The major differences in the atmospheric circulations and physical quantity fields between the Yangtze and Huaihe River basins are as follows:for flooding years of the Yangtze River Basin,the South Asia high center is located further east than normal,the blocking high over the Urals and the Sea of Okhotsk maintains,and the Meiyu front is situated near 30°N whereas for flooding years of the Huaihe River Basin,the South Asia high center is further west than normal,the atmospheric circulations over the mid and high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere are of meridional distribution,and the Meiyu front is situated near 33°N.In addition,there are distinct differences in water vapor sources and associated transports between the Yangtze and Huaihe River basins.The water vapor is transported by southwesterly flows from the Bay of Bengal and monsoon flows over the South China Sea for flooding years of the Yangtze River Basin whereas by southeast monsoons from the eastern and southern seas off China and monsoon flows over the South China Sea for flooding years of the Huaihe River Basin.

存续与升维:江南文化语境下现代村落景观的叙事逻辑转向

伴随江南文化语境的时代变迁和对现代村落景观内容的新诉求,江南现代村落景观在叙事结构层面实现了逻辑转向。该文基于叙事理论视角,聚焦江南现代村落景观叙事机制的新特征,对文化审美语境下文化元素具象化和立体叙事视角下景观节点呈现方式展开新思考。研究表明,在新时代多元因素影响下,文化多样性和表意性取代了传统村落景观在叙事表征中的单一性和概念性,其叙事方式向整体性、内涵性和立体化转化,呈现出更强的系统性与立体性。

地方性与现代性:江南水网乡村景观空间特征与文脉传承

人居环境“地方性”侧重立足本土特质的空间表达,“现代性”倾向立足功能主义的空间表达,二者看似矛盾,实则相辅相成。基于“地方性”与“现代性”辩证统一的视角,评析1984–2023年国内有关江南水网乡村景观空间特征与文脉传承研究进展。基于筛选获得的498篇有效文献,首先运用文献计量分析识别出研究热点方向,包括景观空间形态认知、演变认知、价值认知、机制认知以及景观文脉传承的理论研究、实践探索共6个方面。在进一步分析文献内容的基础上,分别评述各个热点方向的研究内容进展,并针对研究局限提出5点研究展望,分别是构建景观空间形态认知框架、扩展景观空间演变研究内容、探索景观空间多元价值评价体系、重视景观空间机制“过程”研究,以及搭接文脉传承理论研究与实践探索之间的桥梁。以期能为江南水网乡村景观空间特征与文脉传承相关研究提供借鉴,为该地区乡村景观规划设计实践提供理论参考。

Interannual variability of the Meiyu onset over Yangtze-Huaihe River Valley and analyses of its previous strong influence signal

Meiyu onset (MO) over Yangtze-Huaihe River Valley (YHRV) possesses obvious characteristics of interannual variations. Based on NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data sets, NOAA OLR and ERSST data, the in-terannual variability of MO(IVMO) and its previous strong influence signal (PSIS) are investigated. The possible mechanisms that the PSIS affecting IVMO are also discussed. The results show that the pre-vious CP-ENSO (Central Pacific El Nio/Southern Oscillation) event is the PSIS affecting IVMO and it has a better accuracy rate of short-term climate prediction and practicality. The MO is most likely to be late (early) with the warm (cold) phase of CP-ENSO in previous boreal February and spring. CP-ENSO affects MO mainly by means of EAP (East Asian-Pacific) or JP (Japanese-Pacific) teleconnection, in which the tropical western North Pacific anticyclone plays an important role. In the years of CP-ENSO warm phase, the tropical warm wet water vapor transportation to YHRV is late. The anomalous positive sea surface temperature near the equatorial central Pacific results in late northward jump of the western Pacific subtropical high and late establishment of Indian southwest monsoon via air-sea interaction, which leads to late seasonal transition of the atmospheric circulations over East Asia from boreal spring to summer. Late seasonal transition of the atmospheric circulations and late tropical warm wet water vapor transport to YHRV are the primary reasons that cause the late MO. The situations are directly opposite in the years of CP-ENSO cold phase.

数字化技术平台下文创产品设计研究与推广——以长江国家文化公园九江段为例

在数字化时代背景下,作为中华文化的重要组成部分,长江国家文化公园九江段文创产品的设计与推广面临新的机遇与挑战。文章旨在探讨如何利用数字化技术平台,对长江国家文化公园九江段的文创产品进行创新性设计,并提出有效的推广策略,以期实现文化传承与经济发展的双赢。通过对现有文创产品市场的分析,结合数字化技术的特点,文章提出一系列设计原则与推广途径,为长江国家文化公园九江段文创产品的开发提供理论与实践指导。