Comparison Between the Influences of Phosphatidylcholine and Triton X-100 on the Protein Secondary Structures and Oxygen-evolving Activity of Photosystem Ⅱ

The structural and functional alterations within the PSⅡ membrane from phosphatidylcholine reconstitution and Triton X_100 (TX_100) treatment were studied by using Fourier transform_infrared (FT_IR) spectroscopic technique and oxygen electrode. Phosphatidylcholine reconstitution showed no significant effect on the protein secondary structures of PSⅡ membrane but an increase of the rate of PSⅡ_mediated oxygen_evolution. The phosphatidylcholine lipids with different length of acyl chains displayed different capabilities to stimulate oxygen_evolution. In contrast, perturbation of the bilayer lipids by TX_100 resulted in obvious changes of the protein secondary structures within the PSⅡ membrane and in the loss of the PSⅡ_mediated oxygen_evolving activity. The results indicate the importance of membrane integrity in maintaining the stability of the photosynthetic membrane proteins.

Syntheses,Crystal Structures and Antibacterial Activities of Schiff Base of Nickel(Ⅱ)and Copper(Ⅱ)Complexes

A new kind of Schiff base HL（HL= 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-（p-methylbenzoyl）-5-pyrazolone with L-Leucine methyl ester） and complexes Ni L′_2·0.75C_2H_5OH·0.25H_2O,Cu L′′2（L′ = 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-（p-methylbenzoyl）-5-pyrazolone with L-leucine ethyl,L′′ = 1-phenyl-3-methyl-4-（p-methylbenzoyl）-5-pyrazolone with L-leucine） have been synthesized and structurally determined by X-ray diffraction. For HL： crystal structure determination indicates that there are two independent HLs with different conformations in one asymmetric unit. For complex 1： the Ni（Ⅱ） ion is six-coordinated by two carbonyl oxygen atoms from pyrazolone ring,two nitrogen atoms from different HL′ and two oxygen atoms from L-Leucine ethyl ester to form a distorted octahedral geometry. For complex 2： the Cu（Ⅱ） ion is four-coordinated by one carbonyl oxygen atom from the pyrazolone ring,one nitrogen atom from HL′′,and two different carboxylic oxygen atoms from L-leucine with the same conformation to form a distorted quadrilateral geometry.

Crystal Structure and Antifungal Activities of a New Zn(Ⅱ) Complex Based on Triadimenol

A new Zn（II） complex, [ZnL2Br2] （L = triadimenol） was synthesized by the reaction of ZnBr2 with the commercial fungicide of triadimenol, then characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal structure shows that the complex [ZnL2Br2] crystallizes in orthorhombic, Pnam space group with a = 11.263（2）, b = 8.4478（15）, c = 36.125 （7） A, V = 3437.2 （11 ） ,A Z = 4, C28H36Br2C12N604Zn, Mr = 816.72, Dc = 1.578 g/cm3, F（000） = 1648,μ = 3.236 mm-1, the final R = 0.0388 and wR = 0.0879 for 2399 observed reflections with I 〉 2σ（/）. The central metals adopt square plane coordination geometry. And intermolecular hydrogen bonds connect Zn（Ⅱ） into a one-dimensional chain. In addition, the title complex and triadimenol were screened for antifungal activities against four selected fungi using the mycelial growth rate method. The results indicate that the complex synthesized shows better antifungal activities than the ligand triadimenol.

Synthesis, Characterization, Crystal Structure and Antibacterial Activities of a Nickel(Ⅱ) Complex with 2'-(2-Thienylidene)-hydroxybenzoylhydrazide

In the ethanol solvent, a nickel（Ⅱ） complex Ni（C12H10N2O2S）2 upon reaction of 2＇-（2-thienylidene）-hydroxybenzoylhydrazide with nickel acetate was synthesized, and its structure was characterized by IR, UV, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal belongs to monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 22.052（3）, b = 5.9681（6）, c = 18.522（2）A , β = 110.679（4）°, V = 2280.6（4）A^3, Z = 4, Mr = 551.27, μ = 1.606 mm^-1, Dc = 1.075 g/cm^3, F（000） = 1136 and Rint = 0.0556. The nickel（Ⅱ ） atom in the compound is four-coordinated with two nitrogen atoms from amide and two oxygen atoms from keto group. The biological activities have been measured, show- ing the compound exhibits better anti-bacterial activity than the ligand.

Syntheses, Crystal Structures and Antibacterial Activities of Cobalt(Ⅱ) and Manganese(Ⅱ) Complexes with Schiff Base Ligand Derived from Tryptamine

Two new mononuclear complexes, namely [Co（L）2]（1） and [Mn（L）2]（2）（HL = N-（3-methylsalicylidene）tryptamine）, have been synthesized by the reactions of the ligand with cobalt acetate or manganese acetate in anhydrous ethanol. The crystal structures of the complexes were characterized by IR spectrum, elemental analysis, PXRD and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Complex 1 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group C2/c, with a = 23.146（2）, b = 9.4864（10）, c = 13.9261（15）A, β = 102.898（2）°, V = 2980.6（5） ？3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.367 g/cm3, F（000） = 1284 and μ = 0.616 mm^-1. Complex 2 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/n, with a = 14.807（11）, b = 13.118（10）, c = 16.663（13） A, β = 111.237（14）°, V = 3017（4） A^3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.342 g/cm^3, F（000） = 1276 and μ = 0.477 mm-1. The units of complex 1 are linked by intermolecular N–H…π hydrogen bonds into infinite 1D chains, which are further extended into a 3D supramolecular structure by a series of π···π stacking interactions. The units of complex 2 are linked by intermolecular N–H…π hydrogen bonds and C–H…π hydrogen bonds into an infinite 3D supramolecular structure. Meanwhile, the antibacterial activities of the ligand and its complexes have been tested against four kinds of bacteria. The results show that the three compounds all have excellent antibacterial activities and that 1 and 2 possess stronger inhibiting effects against the bacteria than the Schiff base.

PancherzⅡ类错矫正分析方法评价Activator的治疗机制

目的 :探讨 Activator对生长发育期 类 1分类患者的牙和颌骨的作用机制。方法 :应用 Pancherz 类错牙合矫正分析法 (Class correction analysis)结合传统测量项目对 2 2例 (男 8例 ,女 14例 ,年龄男 10～ 13岁 ,女 9～ 12岁 ) ANB角大于 5°、前牙覆盖大于 7mm、磨牙完全远中或尖对尖远中关系患者的治疗前后 X线头影测量分析项目进行配对 t检验。结果 :SNA减小 ,Go- Me增大 ,NSL / ML增大 ,ANB角减小 ,前后面高增加 ,下颌位置 Pg/ OL P前移均有显著性差异。上中切牙角变小 ,下切牙角度变大 ,下磨牙前移 ,磨牙关系得到改善。结论 :Activator对下颌骨的矫形作用比较复杂 ,下颌骨的绝对长度增加 ,下颌平面角加大 ,SNB角无变化 ;Activator可以改善前牙的覆盖 ,后牙的 类关系及 类骨关系。

Orientation of Pigments in the Isolated PhotosystemⅡSub-core Reaction Center CP47/D1/D2/Cyt b-559 Complexes:A Linear Dichroism Study

Linear dichroism (LD) spectroscopy is an important technique in the study of the orientation and organization of pigments in the photosynthetic membrane complexes in vivo and in vitro . In this work, the orientation of the pigments in the isolated photosystem Ⅱ (PSⅡ) sub_core reaction center complexes was analyzed and characterized by means of low temperature absorption and LD spectroscopy. The preparations containing different amounts of CP47 isolated from spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) chloroplast were used in order to investigate the orientation of pigments in the PSⅡ sub_core CP47/D1/D2/Cyt b_559 (CP47/D1/D2) complexes. Chlorophyll a (Chl a) absorbing at 680 nm in CP47/D1/D2/Cyt b_559 complex showed an orientation of the Q y transition parallel to the membrane plane. It is proposed that there are two forms of β_carotene (β_Car) in CP47/D1/D2/Cyt b_559 complex, denoted as β_Car (Ⅰ) and β_Car (Ⅱ), with different orientations, β_Car (Ⅰ) at 470 and 505 nm is roughly parallel to the membrane plane, and β_Car (Ⅱ) at 460 and 490 nm seems to be perpendicular orientation. Upon the photoinhibitory experiment β_Car (Ⅱ) was found to be photosensitive and easily photodamaged. It also showed that the positive LD signal observed at 680 nm was quite complicated. This signal is tentatively attributed to P680 and some Chl a of antenna in CP47 protein based upon our measurements.

Light-induced Damage of Photosystem ⅡPrimary Electron Donor P680: a High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Pigment Content in D1/D2 /Cytochrome b559 Complex Under Photoinhibitory Conditions

ByHPLCanalyticalmethod ,thechangeofPSⅡRC’spigmentcontentintheprocessofphoto damageunderstrongilluminationfromspinach (SpinaciaoleraceaMill.)wascomparativelystudied .Theex perimentalresultsshowthat :(1)Inauthors’analyticalconditions ,(ofwhich ,[Chl]=150 μg/mL ,andthe illuminationstrengthwasputat 2 .3× 10 6 mJ·m- 2 ·s- 1) ,4 5minofilluminationcouldcausealmostthewhole lossofA6 80inthefourthderivativeabsorptionspectra ,whileA6 70decreasedtoaboutonehalfofitsoriginal intensity ;theabsorptionmaximuminred ,concurrently ,wasshiftedfrom 6 76nmto 6 71nm ,representingthe lossofmorethan 90 %ofthephotochemicalactivitiesofthePSⅡRC .(2 )Duringtheperiodofcontinuousil lumination ,theChlconcentrationdecreasedina 3_periodstyle ,whichmeantthatthefirst [Chl]decreasedto the 2 / 3ofitsoriginalamountfrom 2 0minto 4 0minafterilluminationhadstarted ,thenbecamestabilizedup toabout 6 0minofillumination ,thereafteraseconddecreaseof [Chl]inanotherabout2 0minuntilitreached about 30 %oftheoriginallevelandremainedunchangedfromabout 80minon .Theoriginalpigmentcompo nentsofD1/D2 /Cytb559wasapproximatelyas 6Chla∶2Pheo∶2 β_Carwhichareinsupportofauthors’pre viousproposalabouttheminimumChl/Pheoratioof 4∶2inPSⅡRC’spigmentcontents .(3)Afterabout 4 0 minofillumination ,anewlyappearedelutionpeakwasfoundbetweenthePheoandβ_CarpeaksinHPLCpro file ,attheretentiontimeof7.2min ,alittlelaterthanthat (6 .9min)ofPheomolecules ,thenewlyappeared elutionpeakwassupposedtobeakindofaccumulatedandstableproductofthePSⅡRC’sphotodamagepro cessandverymuchpossiblethePheo_likemolecules .

改良式Activator矫治Ⅱ类错对颞下颌关节影响的研究

对 2 0例采用改良式 activator矫治的替牙早期安氏 类错牙合病例进行矫治前、后及追踪的薛式位片的测量分析。旨在说明改良式的 activator矫治安氏 类错牙合各个时期颞颌关节的改变。结果发现 :矫治前、后及追踪复查的比较 ,关节前后间隙均有显著性差异 (P<0 .0 1)。而矫治初与后期追踪复查的比较无显著性变化 (P>0 .0 5 )。提示 :替牙早期主要为功能性 类错牙合 ,改良式的 activator可引导后缩的下颌及髁突前移 ,并稳定于正常关节位。对于矫治安氏 类错牙合 ,防止复发均具有重要意义。

Activator治疗骨性Ⅱ类畸形的临床研究

目的 探讨Activator矫正器的作用机理。方法 应用随机原理 ,将生长发育高峰期骨性Ⅱ类错牙合畸形分为三组 ,一年后评价各组上下颌骨骨性关系。结果 骨性Ⅱ类错牙合畸形在生长发育高峰期上下颌骨均有生长 ,但不足以自行调整至正常。Activator及头帽型Activator可显著改善上下颌骨骨性关系。结论 Activator适合于下颌发育不足或位置后缩者 ,头帽型Activator更适合于下颌发育不足伴上颌发育过度或位置前突者。

Head-gear Activator治疗骨性Ⅱ~1类错颌面软、硬组织改变的研究

目的 :通过对Head - gearActivator治疗早期骨性Ⅱ1类错病例矫治前后的X线头影进行测量 ,分析该矫治器对颌骨、牙齿、面型及软组织侧貌的影响。材料与方法 :选择 10名替牙期或恒牙早期的安氏Ⅱ1类错畸形的病例 ,男性 4人 ,女性 6人 ,平均年龄为 11岁。矫治器的设计是参照Graber和VanBeek的设计 ,平均治疗时间为 10 .2个月。选择 33个测量项目进行治疗前后头影测量 ,并运用SAS统计软件对测量结果进行统计分析。结果 :SNA减小 1.17° ,SNB增大 1.16° ,ANB减小 2 .3° :overjet明显减小 6 .0 7°,上下切牙突度减小 ,上前牙舌倾 ,下前牙唇倾 ;全面高及前后下面高均有显著增加 ;面型角和H角减小。说明颌骨、牙齿、面型及软组织侧貌等方面均有明显变化。结论 :Head -gearActivator能有效地达到控制上下颌矢状及垂直方向生长的目的 ,对改善软、硬组织面型。

Effect of Inhibitor K-23 on O_2-evolution and Hill Activity of PSⅡ Membrane Fragments of Spinacia oleracea

研究了新的抑制剂K_2 3对波菜 (SpinaciaoleraceaMill.)PSⅡ放氧活性和 2 ,6_dichlorophenolindophenol (DCIP)光还原活性的影响。研究发现 :抑制剂K_2 3在低浓度时对PSⅡ放氧活性有明显促进作用 ,而对DCIP光还原活性的促进作用不太明显。在高浓度时抑制PSⅡ放氧活性和DCIP光还原。对K_2 3的抑制部位进行了初步探讨。

真空压膜Activator治疗AngleⅡ类错牙合223例疗效分析

目的:进一步研究作者设计发明的真空压膜Activator治疗AngleII类错牙合的临床疗效。方法:223例AngleII类患者中,上颌前突和高角型共52例,配戴有颊面管的真空压膜改良式Activator配合口外弓和头帽矫形,限制上颌发育和控制高角型发育,其余均配戴无颊面管的真空压膜改良式Activator,治疗18个月,观察治疗效果。结果:223例AngleII类错牙合患治疗18个月后,导下颌向前显著,面中份突度减小,呈直面型,磨牙和尖牙达到中性关系或中性偏近中,唇部能自然闭合,颏唇沟变浅,经治疗有效率100%。结论:真空压膜Activator治疗AngleII类错牙合患者,固位良好,临床配戴舒适,美观隐形,治疗效果显著。

Activator治疗骨性Ⅱ类畸形的临床应用

目的采用Activator矫治骨性Ⅱ类错,以评价矫治器对颅颌面部软硬组织的影响,探讨Activator矫治器的作用机制。方法 30例生长发育高峰前期的骨性Ⅱ类错患者作为治疗组,应用Activator矫治器进行功能性矫形治疗;20例同龄骨性Ⅱ类错畸形的志愿者,作为对照组。收集治疗前后的X线头颅侧位片进行头影测量分析,使用SPSS 11.0统计软件对数据进行配对t检验分析。结果 SNA角、SNB角、ANB角、Go-Gn、Ar-Go、S-Go、N-Me两组间的差异有统计学意义。治疗组下颌骨垂直和水平向生长趋向正常。结论 Activator矫治骨性Ⅱ类错,不仅能抑制上颌生长,减小上颌突度,还能有效促进下颌生长。

Activator与MBT直丝弓矫治器双期矫治安氏Ⅱ^1类错[牙合]畸形的临床应用

目的:探讨Activator矫治器与滑动直丝弓矫治器(MBT appliance)双期矫治安氏Ⅱ1类错牙合畸形的临床效果。方法:选择17例混合牙列期以下颌后缩为主的安氏Ⅱ1类错牙合患者,Ⅰ期采用Activator矫治器,Ⅱ期采用MBT直丝弓矫治器。每位患者均拍摄矫治前、后头颅定位侧位片、曲面断层片,以X线头影测量方法评价疗效。结果:硬组织主要测量项目的变化:SNB角增加2.9°,ANB角减小2.9°,下中切牙切缘至鼻根点与下齿槽座点连线的垂直距离L1-NB(mm)减小3.5°,下颌体长度Go-Gn(mm)增加3.0mm,前面高N-Me(mm)增加5.6mm;软组织主要测量项目的变化:鼻唇角Cm-Sn-UL增大7.2°,颏唇沟角Li B'Pg'增大12.1°,面凸角Ns-Sn-Pos减小2.0°,上唇-审美平面Ls-E(mm)减小1.6mm,下唇-审美平面Li-E(mm)增大2.1mm。治疗结束时磨牙和尖牙均为安氏Ⅰ类关系,前牙覆盖明显减小,侧面型有所改善。结论:安氏Ⅱ1类错牙合患者在替牙期采用双期矫治能改善其面部侧貌,显著改善上下颌骨骨性关系。Activator能有效促进下颌生长。

Effects of CeCl_3 on Energy Transfer and Oxygen Evolution in Spinach Photosystem Ⅱ

Due to 4f electron characteristics and alternation valence, cerium involved in an oxidation-reduction reaction in plant, closely relating to photosynthesis. Our studies proved that cerium could promote photosynthesis and greatly improve spinach growth. However, the mechanism of promoting energy transfer and conversion by cerium remains unclear. Here we reported that the effects of Ce^3＋ on energy transfer and oxygen evolution in photosystem Ⅱ （PS Ⅱ ） isolated from spinach, which was related to 4f electron characteristics and alternation valence in Ce molecule. The methods of absorption spectrum, fluorescence spectrum were used in the research. Results showed that Ce^3＋ treatment at low concentration could suitably change PS Ⅱ mieroenvironment, increase the absorbance of visible light, improve the energy transfer among amino acids within PS Ⅱ protein-pigment complex, and accelerate energy transport from tyrosine residue to chlorophyll a. In summary, the photochemical activity of PS Ⅱ （fluorescence quantum yield） and its oxygen evolving rate were enhanced by Ce^3＋.

Effects of short-term low temperatures on photosystem Ⅱ function of samara and leaf of Siberian maple (Acer ginnala) and subsequent recovery

Samara is the reproductive organ (seed) for many tree species in arid land in northwestern China. It is ecologically important in population development due to its dispersal function. However, information on its photosynthesis and effect of environmental stresses on its photosynthesis is still very limited. In the present study, responses of photosystem II (PSII) activity in samara and leaf of Siberian maple to short-term chilling/freezing and subsequent recovery potential were comparatively investigated by using polyphasic fluorescence test. The samara had more efficient photosynthesis (Fv/Fm and PIABS) and more efficient electron transport (φEo) but lower energy dis- sipation (DIo/RC) than leaf. Generally, the PSII performance and the electron transport for both samara and leaf were inhibited under low temperature stress, accompanied by an increase of energy dissipation in PSII reaction centers (RCs). PSII of both samara and leaf was not markedly affected by chilling and could acclimate to chilling stress. Short-term freezing could completely inhibit PSII activity in both samara and leaf, indicated by the drop of values of Fv/Fm, PIABS, φEo to zero. PSII functional parameters of short-term dark frozen samara could be largely recovered whereas those of frozen leaf could not be recovered. The higher tolerance of samara to short-term low temperature stress than leaf is of great ecological significance for seed development, population establishment of Siberian maple.