Multifaceted superoxide dismutase 1 expression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients:a rare occurrence?

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)is a neuromuscular condition resulting from the progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the cortex,brainstem,and spinal cord.While the typical clinical phenotype of ALS involves both upper and lower motor neurons,human and animal studies over the years have highlighted the potential spread to other motor and non-motor regions,expanding the phenotype of ALS.Although superoxide dismutase 1(SOD1)mutations represent a minority of ALS cases,the SOD1 gene remains a milestone in ALS research as it represents the first genetic target for personalized therapies.Despite numerous single case reports or case series exhibiting extramotor symptoms in patients with ALS mutations in SOD1(SOD1-ALS),no studies have comprehensively explored the full spectrum of extramotor neurological manifestations in this subpopulation.In this narrative review,we analyze and discuss the available literature on extrapyramidal and non-motor features during SOD1-ALS.The multifaceted expression of SOD1 could deepen our understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms,pointing towards a multidisciplinary approach for affected patients in light of new therapeutic strategies for SOD1-ALS.

Combined Extracting Process and Activity Detection of Porcine Blood Superoxide Dismutase

[Objective] TO study the combined extracting process of porcine blood superoxide dismutase （SOD） and other bioactive substances and thus to provide technical basis for making full use of blood resources and large-scale production of SOD. [Method] Fibronectin, immunoglobulin, and hemoglobin were isolated from porcine blood, and SOD was extracted. Trace pyrogallol self-oxidation method to determine SOD activity was modified by optimizing the volume of pyrogallol and SOD samples, reaction temperature, and buffer pH. The specific activity of SOD was determined with the optimized extraction conditions. [ Result] The improved experimental conditions of SOD activity detection were as follows： 7 pyrogallol （50 mmol/L）, 3 ml Tris-HCI （50 mmol/L, pH 8.2）, reactive temperature at 25（3, and 10 pl SOD sample solution. The specific activity of extracted SOD was 5 056 U/mg protein. [ Conclusion] Four kinds of bioactive substance can be isolated from porcine blood by modern biological engi- neering integration technology, and the extracted SOD has better activity.

Effect of N+ Beam Exposure on Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase Activities and Induction of Mn-SOD in Deinococcus Radiodurans

Though bacteria of the radiation-resistant Deinococcus radiodurans have a high resistance to the lethal and mutagenic effects of many DNA-damaging agents, the mechanisms involved in the response of these bacteria to oxidative stress are poorly understood. In this report, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities produced by these bacteria were measured, and the change of SOD and CAT activities by 20 keV N+ beam exposure was examined. Their activities were increased by N+ beam exposure from 8x 1014 ions/cm2 to 6x1015 ions/cm2.The treatment of H2O2 and [ CHC13 +CH3 CH2OH ] and the measurement of absorption spectrum showed that the increase in SOD activity was resulted from inducible activities of MnSOD in D. radiodurans AS1.633 by N+ beam exposure . These results suggested that this bacteria possess inducible defense mechanisms against the deleterious effects of oxidization.

SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE ACTIVITY AND MEMBRANE LIPIDS COMPOSITION OF ERYTHROCYTES IN PATIENTS WITH DILATEDCARDIOMYOPATHY

Objective To rurther conflrm the role or lipld-peroxldation caused by oxygen free radicals injury played in the pathogenesis of dllsted cardlomypathy. MethOds The superoxide dismutase activities and lipids composltion of erythrocytes in 18 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and 16 healthy controls were measured. Results Superoxide dlsmutase(SOD) activites of erythrocytes were lower in dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM) patients than that in healthy controls (P <o. oo1 ). The lipids composition of erythrocytes has changed in the DCM patients compared with healthy controls: total liplds changed little (P >o. o5); total phospholipids were lower, but not significantly (P>o. o5): total cholesterol increased significantly (P <o. o5). The cholesterol to phospholipids molecular ratio of erythrocyte membrane has increased remarkably (P >o. o5). Conclusion It can be supposed that decreased SOD activitles play an important role in the damage or membrane system and the pathogensis of DCM.

Differential Early Fluctuations in Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase Activities Are Included in the Responses of Young Maize Organs to S-Deprivation

water soluble protein fraction (WSPF) content along with the SOD and the CAT activities were comparatively monitored in leaf blades, sheaths and roots. S-deprivation progressively diminished WSPF first in the sheaths, two days later in the blades, and four days later in the root. SOD activity per mg WSPF decreased at d2, whilst it increased for the next four days. After d6, SOD activities of roots and sheaths decreased, followed by the blades at d10. CAT activity per mg WSPF at d2 decreased only in blades, whilst increased in both sheaths and roots (more in sheaths). After d6 decreased CAT activity was found only in roots. No other decreases were observed in blades and sheaths. SOD and CAT specific activities on DM basis presented an oscillation pattern with the increase of DM. S-deprivation altered this picture, by reversing the oscillation pattern and by decreasing the trendlines. SOD specific activity initially decreased in –S sheaths and roots, whilst it remained unchanged in –S blades. Then it increased abruptly, decreased in an exponential manner and stabilised in all three organs. S-deprivation caused an early fluctuation of the CAT activity and then diverse responses;in blades a late increase in CAT activity was observed and decreases in the other two organs. S-deprivation seemed to reverse the oscillation pattern of CAT specific activity differentially for each organ type.

牛血超氧化物歧化酶(bovine superoxide dismutase)生产工艺研究

将红细胞连续分离、热变性以及超滤技术应用在牛血 SOD生产制备中 ,使 SOD生产成本大幅降低 ,实现牛血 SOD生产工业化 .实验表明 ,冷冻血球和新鲜血球在酶的收率、纯度以及比活等方面无明显差别 ;热变性、超滤、丙酮沉淀等各工艺步骤酶的活性以及收率基本稳定 ;通过重组 SOD技术使失去铜锌离子失活的酶蛋白恢复酶的催化活性 .

Functional Superoxide Dismutase Mimics Become Diverse: From Simple Compounds on Prebiotic Earth to Nanozymes

Inorganic solids with enzyme-like activity are promising to overcome many restrictions of native enzymes in application.Especially attractive are nanoparticles with superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity,due to their ability to reduce the damaging properties of reactive oxygen species within cells and organism.This review discusses the necessary requirements for nanoparticles to have SOD activity and reveals a close relationship between catalysis on prebiotic earth and the recent SOD mimics.This review also aims to highlight the progress in the development of SOD mimicking nanoparticles.We give a broad overview of nanoparticles with SOD activity,based on their material make-up,to underline their increasing diversity.

EFFECT OF SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE AND DIETHYLDITHICARBAMATE ON THE INDUCTION OF SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF LUNG WITHMETHYLCHOLANTHREN IN RATS

The 3rd Hospital of Wuchang District ,Wuhan 432600)The squamous cell carcinoma of lung was induced with methylcholanthrene (MCA) in iodized oil in wistar rts- During the development of the cancer, the animals were given superoxide dismutase (SOD) or its inhibitor diethyldio-carhamate (DDC). In DDC group, 3 out of 50 rats developed cancer and 4 developed atypical hyperplasia of hronchial epithelium within 35 to 40 days.In SOD group, no cancer developed in all of the 52 rats.and only one had atypical hyperplasia in the lungs. Only one of 42 control rats had cancer and 2 rats had atypical hyperplasia of bronchial epithelium . The difference in cancer frequency between groups DDC and SOD was significant (P<0.05). The results suggest that there is a synergism between DDC and MCA in the induction of lung cancer, while SOD can inhibit MCA-induced lung cancer development. The mechanism of the effect of SOD and DDC was discussed.

OBSERVATIONS ON MANGANESE-CONTAINING SUPERO- XIDE DISMUTASE ACTIVITY IN HUMAN LUNG CANCER

Manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) activity in lung cancer tissues from 5 patients with pulmonary carcinoma were measured by the nitrite formation method, lipid peroxide (LPO) values being measured by spectrophotometry of thio-barbituric acid reaction. The results obtained show that Mn-SOD activity exhibits most evidently in lung cancer tissues, less evidently in peripheral tissues around the lung cancer, but the least in normal peripheral lung tissues, indicating a declined tendency as definitely proved by statistical treatment (P<0.01). In addition, LPO values are found to be lower in lung cancer tissues than those in normal peripheral tissues.

No difference in activity of Sod-1 genotypes of Poa annua to short-term treatment of ambient gaseous organic pollution

Our previous studies indicated that genotypes at locus Sod-1 of Poa annua changed clinally along a gradient of gaseous organic pollution. In the present study, we aimed to know whether there were differential responses of activities of different superoxide dismutase （SOD） genotypes to short-term treatment of ambient gaseous organic pollution. Significant bias from Hardy-Weinberg equibrium was observed on locus Sod-1, and no genotype Sod- l-BB was found. Significantly increased activities were observed in most treatments for genotype Sod-1-AA and in one treatment for genotype Sod-1-AB. However, no significant difference in SOD activities was found between the two genotypes. It was interpreted that fitness difference between the two genotypes was small and treatment duration was too short or extent of ambient organic pollution was too low to lead to differential responses. Other environmental factor effects on activities of superoxide dismutases can also explain the results.

SOD-like Activity of Copper Salicylate Complex in Tween Micel-lar Systems

opper salicylate complex has been synthesized and its composition was analyzed. The four surfactants(Tween 20, 40, 60, 80) were purified and their critical micelle concentrations(CMC) in phosphate buffer (pH=7.4) were measured. The SOD like activity of copper salicylate complex was assayed using the cytochrome c reduction method in different media. The cooperative effect of the complex with micelles was studied in detail. SOD like activity of the complex was enhanced in the presence of surfactants. The four surfactants themselves display SOD like activities to a certain extent. Similar results were obtained in the experiment for the antilipid peroxidation of red cell membrane. These results might be explained by the fact of micellar catalysis. It was suggested that the copper salicylate Tween system used as a potential antiinflammatory drug might be worthwhile to be further studied.

Analysis on Activity of Immunity-related Enzymes in First Familiar Generation and Self Cross F1 of Platichthys stellatus Pallas

[Objective] The aim was to study the activity of immunity-related enzymes in each tissue of self cross F1 of Platichthys stellatus Pallas and first familiar generation of P.stellatus ♀×Verasper variegates ♂.[Method] The activity difference of three important non-specific immunity-related enzymes：acid phosphatase （ACP）,alkaline phosphatase （AKP） and superoxide dismutase （SOD） existed in muscle,liver,spleen and intestine of first familiar generation and self cross F1 of P.stellatus was compared.[Result] The activity of ACP and AKP in muscle,liver and intestine of first familiar generation was higher than that of self cross F1,while the activity of ACP and AKP in liver of first familiar generation showed no significant difference with that of self cross F1; the SOD activity decreased significantly in tissues expected for muscle.[Conclusion] The result had provided theoretic basis for the breeding of P.stellatus.

棉花SOD基因家族生物信息学分析

研究基于镉胁迫下棉花幼苗根系的转录组测序数据,鉴定获得16个棉花SOD基因,并对其进行生物信息学分析。结果表明:16个棉花SOD基因编码的蛋白长度为127~333 aa,相对分子质量为13048.69~35974.31 Da,等电点为4.43~8.50,均为非分泌蛋白,且都无跨膜结构特征,表现为亲水性;其中75%属于酸性蛋白,69%属于稳定蛋白;大部分亚细胞定位在叶绿体;16个棉花SOD可分为Fe-SOD、Mn-SOD和Cu/Zn-SOD 3个亚家族,3个亚家族均含有各自的保守基序,其中Fe-SOD和Mn-SOD亚家族亲缘关系较近,推测两者功能更相似。棉花SOD家族基因的鉴定、分析对棉花SOD基因功能及镉响应机制研究具有借鉴意义,可为筛选耐镉棉花品种提供基因资源。

Species and Organ Diversity in the Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide on Superoxide Dismutase Activity In Vitro

Superoxlde dlsmutase （SOD） is ubiquitous in aerobic organisms and constitutes the first link In the enzyme scavenging system of reactive oxygen species. In the present study, species and organ diversity of SOD activity In a solution and In an in-gel assay system, as well as the effects of hydrogen peroxide （H202） on SOD activity, were Investigated. In a solution assay system, SOD activity of jackfruIt root, shoot, leaves, axes, and cotyledons, of maize embryos and endosperms, of mung bean leaves and seeds, of sacred lotus axes and cotyledons, and of rice and wheat leaves was Increased by 1-15 mmol/L H2O2. However, SOD activity In rice root and seeds, maize roots and leaves, mung bean roots and shoots, and wheat seeds was decreased by 1-15 mmol/L H2O2. The SOD activity of wheat root and soybean roots, leaves, axes, and cotyledons was Increased by 1-4 mmol/L H2O2, but was decreased by concentrations of H2O2 〉4 mmol/L. The SOD activity of soybean shoots was not affected by 1-15 mmol/L H2O2. The SOD activity In crude mltochondrla of jackfruIt, maize, and upas seeds, as well as In purified mitochondria of jackfruIt, was also Increased by 1-15 mmol/L H2O2. In the In-gel assay system, the SOD In jackfruIt cotyledons was comprised of Mn-SOD, Cu/Zn-SOD, and Fe-SOD, the crude mltochondria of jackfruit seeds and maizes embryo was comprised of Mn-SOD and Cu/ Zn-SOD, and the crude mltochondria of maize seeds was comprised of Mn-SOD only. In the present study, H2O2 markedly Inhibited Cu/Zn-SOD and Fe-SOD activity.

Expression profiles of two small heat shock proteins and antioxidant enzyme activity in Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to cadmium at environmentally relevant concentrations

Small heat shock proteins encompass a widespread but diverse class of proteins, which play key roles in protecting organisms from various stressors. In the present study, the full-length cDNAs of two small heat shock proteins （MgsHSP22 and MgsHSP24.1） were cloned from Mytilus galloprovincialis, which encoded peptides of 181 and 247 amino acids, respectively. Both MgsHSP22 and MgsHSP24.1 were detected in all tissues examined by real-time PCR, with the highest expression being observed in muscle and gonad tissues. The real-time PCR results revealed that Cd significantly inhibited MgsHSP22 expression at 24 h and MgsHSP24.1 at 24 and 48 h under 5 ug/L Cd2＋ exposure. MgsHSP24.1 expression was also significantly inhibited after 50 ug/L Cd2＋ exposure for 48 h. With regard to antioxidant enzymes, increased GPx and CAT activity were detected under Cd2＋ stress （5 and 50 ug/L）, while no significant difference in SOD activity was observed throughout the experiment. Overall, both MgsHsps and antioxidant enzymes revealed their potential as Cd stress biomarkers in M. galloprovincialis.

EFFECTS OF CYPROHEPTADINE ON PLASMA SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE ACTIVITY AND MALONDIALDEHYDE CONTENT IN RABBITS WITH HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK

Profound hemorrhagic shock was produced in thirty rabbits by exsanguination via the carotid artery until blood pressure (BP) reached 5.3 kPa (40 mmHg) and was sustained for a period of 90 minutes. The rabbits were equally divided into cyproheptadine (Cyp) treated group and control group. Blood samples 30 minutes after liquid and blood infusion and administration of Cyp (10 mg / kg) were collected from the carotid artery, and the plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content measured. The results showed that Cyp remarkebly enhanced the plasma SOD activity (2462 338 vs 1955- 596, P<0.01) and reduced MDA content (2.68- 0.24 vs 3.20-0.49, P<0.01). We believe that the in crease of O2 production plays an important role in the develop-ment of shock, the single blood and liquid infusion can not significantly improve the shock conditions. Scavenging oxygen free radicals and alleviating cellular damage and multiple or gan failure are the possible mechanisms of cyproheptadine anti-shock effect.

Activation of AMPK/MnSOD signaling mediates anti-apoptotic effect of hepatitis B virus in hepatoma cells

AIM: To investigate the anti-apoptotic capability of the hepatitis B virus(HBV) in the HepG2 hepatoma cell line and the underlying mechanisms.METHODS: Cell viability and apoptosis were measured by MTT assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Targeted knockdown of manganese superoxide dismutase(Mn SOD), AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK) and hepatitis B virus X protein(HBx) genes as well as AMPK agonist AICAR and antagonist compound C were employed to determine the correlations of expression of these genes.RESULTS: HBV markedly protected the hepatoma cells from growth suppression and cell death in the condition of serum deprivation. A decrease of superoxide anion production accompanied with an increase of Mn SOD expression and activity was found in Hep G2.215 cells. Moreover, AMPK activation contributed to the up-regulation of Mn SOD. HBx protein was identified to induce the expression of AMPK and Mn SOD. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that HBV suppresses mitochondrial superoxide level and exerts an antiapoptotic effect by activating AMPK/Mn SOD signaling pathway, which may provide a novel pharmacological strategy to prevent HCC.

Effects of tributyltin (TBT) on enzyme activity and oxidative stress in hepatopancreas and hemolymph of small abalone,Haliotis diversicolor supertexta

We investigated the effect of tributyltin (TBT) exposure on the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity levels of the superoxide dismutase (SOD),catalase (CAT),and acid and alkaline phosphatase (ACP and AKP) enzymes in the small abalone,Haliotis diversicolor supertexta.We collected samples of the hepatopancreas and hemolymph 2,6,24,48,96,and 192 h after exposure to 0.35 μg (Sn)/L TBT.In the hepatopancreas,ACP activity was significantly higher in animals exposed to TBT 2,24,and 96 h post-exposure compared with the control animals.AKP activity was also higher after 2 h,but SOD and CAT activity was unchanged.The concentration of MDA in the hemolymph was significantly higher than the control animals 2 and 6 h post-exposure.In the hemolymph of animals exposed to TBT,ACP activity was significantly lower than in the control animals 192 h post-exposure,whereas AKP activity was significantly lower 2 and 192 h post-exposure.Hemolymph SOD activity and levels of MDA were significantly lower than in the control animals 24 h after exposure but significantly higher after 96 h.Our results demonstrate that exposure to TBT cause rapid changes in ACP and AKP activity as well as altering the concentration of MDA in the hepatopancreas and hemolymph.SOD and CAT do not appear to be involved in the detoxification of TBT in the hepatopancreas of small abalone.

hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD融合蛋白的制备、穿膜效应及其抗氧化、抗炎症功效

目的 探究人源性细胞膜穿透肽hPP10携带人源性抗氧化蛋白Cu,Zn-SOD的穿膜效应并观察其抗氧化、抗炎功效。方法利用RT-PCR技术扩增人源性SOD基因片段、酶切连接法构建重组质粒pET15b-Cu,Zn-SOD,pET15b-hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD;利用镍柱亲和层析法、分子筛方法纯化Cu,Zn-SOD、hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD融合蛋白并利用Western blotting法鉴定其正确性;利用免疫荧光法、荧光共定位实验、Western blotting法鉴定hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD在细胞中的穿膜效应;利用Western blotting法鉴定hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD融合蛋白穿膜时间梯度和浓度梯度效应;利用SOD酶活性测定试剂盒检测hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD穿膜后的SOD酶活性;利用MTT法检测hPP10对细胞活性的影响。利用H2O2建立HEK293氧化应激细胞模型,通过流式细胞分析术(FCM)分析hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD穿膜后细胞凋亡情况;并RT-qPCR分析hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD穿膜后凋亡相关因子的表达情况;通过ROS检测分析hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD穿膜后抗氧化能力。TPA诱导建立小鼠耳部炎症模型(5只/组,共4组),然后RT-qPCR分析hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD穿膜后,NFκB,IL-1β、IL-6、TNFα因子的转录情况;Western blotting检测NFκB p65、p-NFκB p65、IL-1β、TNFα基因的表达;免疫组化分析炎性因子p-NFκB p65、TNFα基因的表达。结果 成功构建了重组质粒pET15b-Cu,Zn-SOD,pET15b-hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD,并获得Cu,Zn-SOD蛋白和hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD融合蛋白;免疫荧光试验结果表明5μmol/L浓度的hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD转导HEK293细胞具有明显的穿膜效应;荧光共定位实验显示融合蛋白hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD入胞后定位在细胞膜内,部分蛋白定位在细胞核内;Western blotting实验结果表明hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD转导Hela(P<0.05),HEK293(P<0.01)细胞具有浓度依赖性,细胞内hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD存在可持续24 h;5μmol/L的hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD转导细胞具有较好的抗氧化活性(P<0.01);MTT结果显示高达10μmol/L浓度的hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD对于细胞活力的影响小。在氧化应激模型中,FCM结果显示hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD融合蛋白孵育细胞降低了细胞的早期凋亡(P<0.01)和晚期凋亡(P<0.05);RT-qPCR结果显示hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD融合蛋白孵育细胞使Bcl2、Mcl1、Deptor等抗凋亡因子升高(P<0.05),降低了Bad、P21、P27等促凋亡因子的表达(P<0.05);ROS结果显示hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD融合蛋白孵育细胞显著降低了细胞内的活性氧含量(P<0.01)。在炎症模型中,hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD融合蛋白可显著降低IL-1β、IL-6、TNFα因子的转录(P<0.05);p-NFκB p65、IL-1β及TNFα的表达都呈现了抑制作用(P<0.05);hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD融合蛋白处理组较Cu,Zn-SOD蛋白处理组,降低了炎性因子p-NFκB p65及TNFα基因的表达(P<0.05)。结论 融合蛋白hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD具有明显的穿膜入胞、抗氧化、抗炎功效,且对细胞毒副作用很小。这些结果为hPP10作为新的递送载体奠定基础,也为hPP10-Cu,Zn-SOD应用于护肤品等提供了理论依据。

天麻健脑颗粒联合高压氧对血管性痴呆患者炎症因子、MMP-9、Hcy和SOD表达的影响研究

【目的】探讨天麻健脑颗粒(由半夏白术天麻汤衍化)与高压氧联合治疗对血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,VD)患者认知功能、日常生活能力及血清炎症因子、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)表达的影响。【方法】将100例风痰瘀阻型VD患者随机分为试验组和对照组,每组各50例。2组患者均给予控制血压、降糖、调脂等对症治疗,对照组同时给予奥拉西坦胶囊口服治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上给予天麻健脑颗粒联合高压氧治疗,疗程为12周。观察2组患者治疗前后中医证候积分、简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评分、日常生活能力评定量表(ADL)评分和血清炎症因子、神经因子、凋亡因子及MMP-9、Hcy、SOD表达水平的变化情况。【结果】(1)量表评分方面,治疗后,2组患者的中医证候积分和ADL评分均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),MMSE评分均较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05),且试验组对中医证候积分和ADL评分的降低幅度及对MMSE评分的升高幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(2)炎症因子方面,治疗后,2组患者的血清肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)水平均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且试验组对血清TNF-α、CRP、IL-6水平的降低幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(3)神经因子方面,治疗后,2组患者的血清去甲肾上腺素(NE)、多巴胺(DA)、5-羟色胺(5-HT)水平均较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05),且试验组对血清NE、DA、5-HT水平的升高幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(4)凋亡因子方面,治疗后,2组患者的血清血红素加氧酶1(HO-1)水平均较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05),血清可溶性凋亡相关因子(sFAS)及其配体(sFASL)水平均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且试验组对血清HO-1水平的升高幅度及对血清sFAS、sFASL水平的降低幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(5)MMP-9、Hcy、SOD表达水平方面,治疗后,2组患者的血清SOD水平均较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05),血清MMP-9、Hcy水平均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且试验组对血清SOD水平的升高幅度及对血清MMP-9、Hcy水平的降低幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。【结论】天麻健脑颗粒联合高压氧能够改善VD患者的认知功能与生活能力,并具有良好的抗炎、抗氧化、调节神经递质表达的作用。