Based on the governing equations and the equivalent models, we propose an equivalent transformation relationships between a plane wave in a one-dimensional medium and a spherical wave in globular geometry with radiall...Based on the governing equations and the equivalent models, we propose an equivalent transformation relationships between a plane wave in a one-dimensional medium and a spherical wave in globular geometry with radially inhomogeneous properties. These equivalent relationships can help us to obtain the analytical solutions of the elastodynamic issues in an inhomogeneous medium. The physical essence of the presented equivalent transformations is the equivalent relationships between the geometry and the material properties. It indicates that the spherical wave problem in globular geometry can be transformed into the plane wave problem in the bar with variable property fields, and its inverse transformation is valid as well. Four different examples of wave motion problems in the inhomogeneous media are solved based on the presented equivalent relationships. We obtain two basic analytical solution forms in Examples I and II, investigate the reflection behavior of inhomogeneous half-space in Example III, and exhibit a special inhomogeneity in Example IV, which can keep the traveling spherical wave in constant amplitude. This study implies that our idea makes solving the associated problem easier.展开更多
Building energy efficiency is a long-term strategy to achieve sustainable development, but the inconsistencies of main interests during the implementation lead to the need for government regulation in building energy ...Building energy efficiency is a long-term strategy to achieve sustainable development, but the inconsistencies of main interests during the implementation lead to the need for government regulation in building energy conservation. Implementation of building energy efficiency of government regulation covers three aspects of construction and involves relevant participators, so the paper analyzes interests and roles of the related subjects in building energy saving, explore the motivations and its conversion mechanism of each player, and dissect the game relationship of associated earnings of developers' and consumers' behaviors selection under government control. Finally, the paper proposes basic requirements of building incentive policies for related subjects under government control to regulate the main behaviors of subjects in building energy efficient buildings and achieve energy efficiency goals and balance of all parties' benefits.展开更多
This paper is an empirical analysis of provisional unrestricted level relationship between Nigerian domestic output measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and government spending proxied by capital and recurrent exp...This paper is an empirical analysis of provisional unrestricted level relationship between Nigerian domestic output measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and government spending proxied by capital and recurrent expenditures in the presence of static regressors such as crude oil prices and federal government retained revenues. We estimate an ARDL (1,0,1) using a single-equation approach. Results show that government expenditures have negative but statistically insignificant effects on domestic output in the long-run. Similarly, negative short run effects are established amongst the variables. However, recurrent expenditure is statistically significant in the short-run. Whilst federal government retained revenue has a positive and significant effect, crude oil price exhibited negative relationships with domestic output both at level and in the short-run dynamics. Also a high speed of adjustment implies that Nigerian Gross Domestic Product is extremely sensitive to shocks on the government spending in the long-run. An upward trend forecast between 2014 and 2020 is an indication of the continued positive impact and the government retained revenue will exert on the domestic output in the long-run.展开更多
Decentralization is a global phenomenon,but growth is not.The economic relationship between central and local governments is an important yet unresolved question in China’s economic development.As a large country wit...Decentralization is a global phenomenon,but growth is not.The economic relationship between central and local governments is an important yet unresolved question in China’s economic development.As a large country with unbalanced political and economic development,China is faced with unbalanced and inadequate development as the primary constraint to meeting people’s ever-growing needs for a better life.The Communist Party of China(CPC)has been exploring to mobilize the initiatives of both central and local governments.During the planned economy era,China experienced a few rounds of centralization of economic powers but failed to strike a balance in maximizing the initiatives of both central and local governments.After the reform and opening up policy enacted in 1978,China’s central and local governments have succeeded in combining economic decentralization with administrative decentralization.China’s central government,local governments and enterprises have become resource allocation entities.China’s economic growth miracle has been driven by promoting the initiatives of central and local governments.Entering the new era,the central-local economic relationship represents an institutional strength of concentrating resources to accomplish great undertakings and leveraging the initiatives of both central and local governments.With the principal contradiction facing China’s development shifted into one between people’s growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development,the management of central and local government relationship has taken on greater theoretical significance and salient implications in the new era.展开更多
Government-leading,multi-agent participation and coordinated co-governance are the original intentions of River Chief System governance policy design,the purpose is to really improve governance benefits of the River C...Government-leading,multi-agent participation and coordinated co-governance are the original intentions of River Chief System governance policy design,the purpose is to really improve governance benefits of the River Chief System.Regrettably,the current research is still in its infancy,mainly based on theoretical analysis and case analysis.Whether government-leading,multi-agent participation and coordinated co-govemance can really improve the effectiveness of governance still lacks empirical testing.For this reason,based on the 241 questionnaires of the governance benefits of the River Chief System in Guangdong Province,this paper deeply analyzed the influence of the organizational level of the River Chief System on the governance benefits,and further studied the regulatory role of multi-agent participation.The results showed that there was an inverted“U”relationship between the organizational level of the River Chief System and the governance benefit,and multi-agent participation had no positive influence on the relationship between the organization level and the governance benefit.This paper has important enlightening significance for expanding the theory of River Chief System research and guiding the practice of government-leading governance policy of River Chief System.On the other hand,this paper can provide reasonable suggestions on environmental governance for Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s high-quality development.展开更多
Under the pressure of marketization and urbanization,rural family reproduction mode has transformed from simple reproduction to expanded family reproduction,thus changing the family structure and family relationship.U...Under the pressure of marketization and urbanization,rural family reproduction mode has transformed from simple reproduction to expanded family reproduction,thus changing the family structure and family relationship.Under the mode of expanded family reproduction,family relationship is a highly rational and deeply mobilized interaction pattern.And the family element configuration profoundly reflects the practical form of family relationship.Under the mode of expanded family reproduction,the changes in rural family relations are mainly reflected in three aspects:the decline of the paternal authority and the increasing family status of the offspring;the increasing status of women along with a decisive role in family decision-making;the more independent,equal,competitive and rational relationship among brothers.These changes bring forward new requirements on rural governance system,which requires improvements on social security and public culture.展开更多
This paper introduces and analyzes Korea's NGV (natural gas vehicles) policy for soot-free bus fleet which intends to promote CNG (compressed natural gas) bus in metropolitan area for the reduction of air polluti...This paper introduces and analyzes Korea's NGV (natural gas vehicles) policy for soot-free bus fleet which intends to promote CNG (compressed natural gas) bus in metropolitan area for the reduction of air pollution from road sector. At the early stage, Korean goverrmaent established various supporting policy systems to encourage public transportation companies to purchase CNG buses as a means to replace diesel buses. It was evaluated as very successful with making net economic benefit of CNG bus promotion policy. During the 2nd stage, Korean government implemented CNG hybrid bus promotion policy to further reduce both air pollution and greenhouse gas. Now, a new social demand for the vehicles is zero-emission vehicles. The author asserts that current FCEV (fuel cell electric vehicle) should be considered as an alternative to zero-emission vehicles in Korea and suggests policy recommendation for the promotion of FCEV by referring the current CNG bus promotion policy in public transportation sector.展开更多
基金Scientific Research Fund of Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration under Grant No.2017QJGJ06the National Science and Technology Pillar Program under Grant No.2015BAK17B06+2 种基金the Earthquake Industry Special Science Research Foundation Project under Grant No.201508026-02the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.HEUCF170202the program for Innovative Research Team in China Earthquake Administration
文摘Based on the governing equations and the equivalent models, we propose an equivalent transformation relationships between a plane wave in a one-dimensional medium and a spherical wave in globular geometry with radially inhomogeneous properties. These equivalent relationships can help us to obtain the analytical solutions of the elastodynamic issues in an inhomogeneous medium. The physical essence of the presented equivalent transformations is the equivalent relationships between the geometry and the material properties. It indicates that the spherical wave problem in globular geometry can be transformed into the plane wave problem in the bar with variable property fields, and its inverse transformation is valid as well. Four different examples of wave motion problems in the inhomogeneous media are solved based on the presented equivalent relationships. We obtain two basic analytical solution forms in Examples I and II, investigate the reflection behavior of inhomogeneous half-space in Example III, and exhibit a special inhomogeneity in Example IV, which can keep the traveling spherical wave in constant amplitude. This study implies that our idea makes solving the associated problem easier.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 71171141)Post-funded Projects of Social Science Planning in Tianjin (Grant No. TJGLHQ1403)
文摘Building energy efficiency is a long-term strategy to achieve sustainable development, but the inconsistencies of main interests during the implementation lead to the need for government regulation in building energy conservation. Implementation of building energy efficiency of government regulation covers three aspects of construction and involves relevant participators, so the paper analyzes interests and roles of the related subjects in building energy saving, explore the motivations and its conversion mechanism of each player, and dissect the game relationship of associated earnings of developers' and consumers' behaviors selection under government control. Finally, the paper proposes basic requirements of building incentive policies for related subjects under government control to regulate the main behaviors of subjects in building energy efficient buildings and achieve energy efficiency goals and balance of all parties' benefits.
文摘This paper is an empirical analysis of provisional unrestricted level relationship between Nigerian domestic output measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and government spending proxied by capital and recurrent expenditures in the presence of static regressors such as crude oil prices and federal government retained revenues. We estimate an ARDL (1,0,1) using a single-equation approach. Results show that government expenditures have negative but statistically insignificant effects on domestic output in the long-run. Similarly, negative short run effects are established amongst the variables. However, recurrent expenditure is statistically significant in the short-run. Whilst federal government retained revenue has a positive and significant effect, crude oil price exhibited negative relationships with domestic output both at level and in the short-run dynamics. Also a high speed of adjustment implies that Nigerian Gross Domestic Product is extremely sensitive to shocks on the government spending in the long-run. An upward trend forecast between 2014 and 2020 is an indication of the continued positive impact and the government retained revenue will exert on the domestic output in the long-run.
基金the major project of the National Social Science Fund of China(NSSFC)(Grant No.2019MZ019)the major project of philosophical and social science research of the Ministry of Education(Grant No.17DZJ011).
文摘Decentralization is a global phenomenon,but growth is not.The economic relationship between central and local governments is an important yet unresolved question in China’s economic development.As a large country with unbalanced political and economic development,China is faced with unbalanced and inadequate development as the primary constraint to meeting people’s ever-growing needs for a better life.The Communist Party of China(CPC)has been exploring to mobilize the initiatives of both central and local governments.During the planned economy era,China experienced a few rounds of centralization of economic powers but failed to strike a balance in maximizing the initiatives of both central and local governments.After the reform and opening up policy enacted in 1978,China’s central and local governments have succeeded in combining economic decentralization with administrative decentralization.China’s central government,local governments and enterprises have become resource allocation entities.China’s economic growth miracle has been driven by promoting the initiatives of central and local governments.Entering the new era,the central-local economic relationship represents an institutional strength of concentrating resources to accomplish great undertakings and leveraging the initiatives of both central and local governments.With the principal contradiction facing China’s development shifted into one between people’s growing needs for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development,the management of central and local government relationship has taken on greater theoretical significance and salient implications in the new era.
基金This research is supported by the Key Projects of Guangdong Provincial Department of Education(Grant No.2017WZDXM028)the 13th Five-year Plan Project of Philosophy and Social Sciences in Guangzhou City(Grant No.2020GZYB70)the Special Projects in Key Fields of Guangdong Provincial Department of Education(Grant No.2019KZDZX2021).
文摘Government-leading,multi-agent participation and coordinated co-governance are the original intentions of River Chief System governance policy design,the purpose is to really improve governance benefits of the River Chief System.Regrettably,the current research is still in its infancy,mainly based on theoretical analysis and case analysis.Whether government-leading,multi-agent participation and coordinated co-govemance can really improve the effectiveness of governance still lacks empirical testing.For this reason,based on the 241 questionnaires of the governance benefits of the River Chief System in Guangdong Province,this paper deeply analyzed the influence of the organizational level of the River Chief System on the governance benefits,and further studied the regulatory role of multi-agent participation.The results showed that there was an inverted“U”relationship between the organizational level of the River Chief System and the governance benefit,and multi-agent participation had no positive influence on the relationship between the organization level and the governance benefit.This paper has important enlightening significance for expanding the theory of River Chief System research and guiding the practice of government-leading governance policy of River Chief System.On the other hand,this paper can provide reasonable suggestions on environmental governance for Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s high-quality development.
基金National Social Science Fund Project 2016(16BKS047)
文摘Under the pressure of marketization and urbanization,rural family reproduction mode has transformed from simple reproduction to expanded family reproduction,thus changing the family structure and family relationship.Under the mode of expanded family reproduction,family relationship is a highly rational and deeply mobilized interaction pattern.And the family element configuration profoundly reflects the practical form of family relationship.Under the mode of expanded family reproduction,the changes in rural family relations are mainly reflected in three aspects:the decline of the paternal authority and the increasing family status of the offspring;the increasing status of women along with a decisive role in family decision-making;the more independent,equal,competitive and rational relationship among brothers.These changes bring forward new requirements on rural governance system,which requires improvements on social security and public culture.
文摘This paper introduces and analyzes Korea's NGV (natural gas vehicles) policy for soot-free bus fleet which intends to promote CNG (compressed natural gas) bus in metropolitan area for the reduction of air pollution from road sector. At the early stage, Korean goverrmaent established various supporting policy systems to encourage public transportation companies to purchase CNG buses as a means to replace diesel buses. It was evaluated as very successful with making net economic benefit of CNG bus promotion policy. During the 2nd stage, Korean government implemented CNG hybrid bus promotion policy to further reduce both air pollution and greenhouse gas. Now, a new social demand for the vehicles is zero-emission vehicles. The author asserts that current FCEV (fuel cell electric vehicle) should be considered as an alternative to zero-emission vehicles in Korea and suggests policy recommendation for the promotion of FCEV by referring the current CNG bus promotion policy in public transportation sector.