Exploration of the Talent Cultivation Model for the Integration of Industry and Education in University Asset Evaluation

During the 14th Five Year Plan period,the main task of talent team construction in China’s asset appraisal industry was to develop innovative talent training models.Therefore,this article focuses on the talent cultivation model of integrating industry and education in asset evaluation in universities,systematically summarizes the theoretical and practical significance of research on asset evaluation talent cultivation models in universities,and explores the construction measures of asset evaluation talent cultivation models based on the integration of industry and education that meet social needs and the development of the times[1].At the same time,the strategy of constructing a deep integration talent training system was explored,guided by the integration of industry and education,to cultivate asset evaluation composite talents with strong practical skills.The aim is to provide a reference for improving the quality of asset evaluation professionals in China and promoting the development of asset evaluation talent training models.

A Study on the Implementation Path of the Blended Teaching Model in Geological Hazards Investigation and Evaluation

Geological Hazards Investigation and Evaluation is the core course of Environmental Geological Engineering,aiming to cultivate skilled talents with solid theoretical knowledge and excellent practical skills.At present,the course faces several issues,including a teaching environment disconnected from real-world work scenarios,course content that deviates from job-related tasks,a lack of digital teaching resources,and reliance on a single teaching method,leading to students’poor feedback from employers.Based on the concept of outcome-based education,the course team of Geological Hazards Investigation and Evaluation establishes a“five-step double-rotation”blended teaching model with the help of a Small Private Online Course platform.The program is designed to improve the teaching environment and expand the digitalized teaching resources in order to improve students’learning motivation,enhance learning effectiveness,and cultivate skillful talents who meet employers’satisfaction.

FUZZY COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF CONTAINER TRANSPORTATION MODES ALONG THE CHANGJIANG RIVER MAIN LINE AND ITS DELTA AREA

The Changjiang River (Yangtze) is one of the fastest growth areas of container transportation in China. Rail, road and water transportation have competed against each other for container transportation in the Chang-jiang River main line and its delta area. It is of significance to assess these different transportation modes scientifically in order to organize container transportation efficiently in this area and make decision for integral plan and construction of transportation system in this area. This paper outlines application of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to appraise different modes of typical direction of containers. Twelve assessment indexes were decided. Membership functions were formulated. Evaluation results indicated that road transportation was optimal mode in the Changjiang River delta area, however water transportation was the primary way in the Changjiang River main line.

FAST EVALUATION OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF SINGLE-MODE OPTICAL FIBERS

This paper describes a method for fast engineering evaluation of the transmission characteristicsof single-mode optical fibers.A versatile microcomputer program is presented which can be utilized to ana-lyze mode field characteristics of single-mode fibers with arbitrary refractive index profiles.Our computationshows that the mathematical algorithm and the corresponding programs developeod in this paper are rela-tively simple and accurate enough for the engineenring design of single-mode fibers for optical communica-tion systems.

Design and operation strategies of the system for destroying time-sensitive target based on system effectiveness

To improve the effect of destroying time-sensitive target （TST）, a method of operational effectiveness evaluation is presented and some influential factors are analyzed based on the combat flow of system for destroying TST. Considering the possible operation modes of the system, a waved operation mode and a continuous operation mode are put forward at first. At the same time, some relative formulas are modified. In examples, the influential factors and operation modes are analyzed based on the system effectiveness. From simulation results, some design and operation strategies of the system for destroying time sensitive targets are concluded, which benefit to the improvement of the system effectiveness.

Water quantity-quality combined evaluation method for rivers＇ water requirements of the instream environment in dualistic water cycle： A case study of Liaohe River Basin

In this article the meaning of the quantity and quality of environmental flows of river in dualistic water cycle is discussed, and compared with the meaning of unitary water cycle. Based on the analysis of the relationship between environmental flows of river requirements, the efficiency of water resource usage, the consumption coefficient, and the concentration of waste water elimination, the water quantity and water quality calculation method of the environmental flows of river requirements in dualistic water cycle is developed, and the criteria for environmental flows of river requirements are established, and therefore the water quantity-quality combined evaluation of natural river flows requirements are realized Taking the Liaohe River as a model, the environmental flows of river requirements for Xiliao River, Dongliao River, mainstream Liaohe River, Huntai River and northeast rivers along the coasts of the Yellow and Bohai seas in unitary water cycle are calculated, each taking up 39.3%, 63.0%, 43.9%, 43.3% and 43.5% of runoff respectively. Evaluated according to Tennant recommended flow, the results show that： except Xiliao River is ＂median＂, the rest are all upon ＂good＂, the Dongliao River is even ＂very good＂. The corresponding results in dualistic water cycle are that, the proportion of natural flows for each river is 57.5%, 74.1%, 60.8%, 60.3% and 60.4%; while the combined evaluation results show that： considering ＂quantity＂, except Xiliao River, the rest rivers can all achieve the ＂quantity＂ criteria of the en- vironmental flows of river requirements, but if considering the aspect of ＂quality＂, only Dongliao River can reach the ＂quality＂ standard. By water quantity-quality combined evaluation method, only Dongliao River can achieve the criteria. So the water quality is the main factor that determines whether the environmental flows can meet the river ecosystem demands.

Analyzing the Relation Between Earthquakes and Active Faults Based on the Parameter Optimization Model

The gestation and occurrence of strong earthquakes are closely related to fault activity, which is not only revealed by abundant experimentation and seismism but also proved by modern seismology. On the Chinese mainland, the relation between earthquake activity and active faults is one of the bases for partitioning potential seismic sources, analyzing the seismotectoulcs and estimating location of strong earthquakes.Due to the nonuniformity of earth media, instability of observation systems and disturbance of the environment, etc, the variety of observational data is complicated, that is, there is no absolutely ＂normal＂ or ＂abnormal＂, and seismic anomalies can be divided into many mutually exdusive＂ abnormal states＂. In different conditions of combined time-spacestrength, determining seismic anomalies by different monomial forecast methods and its efficiency could be different due to the uncertainty of a precursor itself or complexity of the relationship between a precursor and earthquake gestation. It is very difficult to discover and dispose of this difference in actual application in a ＂two-state＂ model. But in a ＂multi-state＂ model, the difference can be easily reflected and the optimal combination of forecasting parameters for a forecast method can also be determined easily. Based on the ＂multi-state＂ precursory model and the optimization method for parameters of earthquake forecast model under the condition of optimal forecast efficiency, the relationship of the spatial location of earthquake with M ≥ 6.0 and active faults in three seismic belts are analyzed. The results demonstrate that in the Hetao Seismic Belt, seismicity is mostly concentrated in the range of 20 km along the fault, the optimization model can forecast the location of potential earthquakes of M ≥ 6.0 near the faults with a relatively high accuracy and the reliability is 0.5 ; while in the Qilian Mt. Seismic Belt, the reliability only reaches 0.14 when we use the model to estimate earthquakes within 30 km range along the faults. The ＂multi-state＂ precursory model, the efficiency-evaluating model and the parameter selection of individual earthquake forecast model based on optimal efficiency are of certain revelatory and practicable meanings for developing knowledge about precursors, investigating the laws of earthquake preparation and searching for optimal forecasting methods.

Research on Eco-tourism Reconstruction Mode of Hollowed Village

Formation of hollowed village was analyzed from the perspectives of land use, infrastructure, population and industry, damages of hollowed village were proposed. Factors influencing regional applicability of the ecotourism renovation model for hollowed village were summarized, the evaluation index system was established according to limitation factors of the ecotourism renovation mode of hollowed village, as well as its operability and scientificity and comparable principle. On the basis of establishing the hierarchical structure and judgment matrix, weights of all indexes were defined, the indexes were graded and quantized, and finally grading standards for the regional applicability of the ecotourism renovation mode of hollowed village obtained.

Cultivation of Innovation Ability of Students in the Discipline of Food Science and Engineering from the Perspective of Engineering Professional Certification

Cultivating the top-notch innovative talents is an essential task for connotative construction of higher education.As an applicationoriented discipline,the Discipline of Food Science and Engineering attaches great importance to the cultivation of innovation ability of college students.For a long time,however,the discipline education has problems of the inverted teaching subject position,weak coordination ability and single practice mode.The support for the cultivation of innovation ability is weak and ineffective.Therefore,in the context of professional certification of engineering education,it is necessary to make reform of traditional education mode and improve the carrier support and target acquisition taking the Outcomes-based Education(OBE)as guide,the innovation ability cultivation as objective,to provide effective guarantee for cultivation of the top-notch talents.These have become issues that should not be ignored in the development of the Discipline of Food Science and Engineering.

MULTI-BLOCK CHAINING-BASED AUTHENTICATION MODE

A fast authentication mode based on Multi-Block Chaining (MBC) is put forward; and its security is proved. The MBC mode is for new generation block cipher algorithms. Its speed is about 13% faster than that of the authentication modes in common use (for example, cipher block chaining-message authentication code mode). The dependence test results meet the requirement. The MBC mode is complete; its degree of ava-lanche effect is about 0.9993; its degree of strict avalanche criterion is 0.992 or so. The frequency test results indicate that the output generated by the MBC mode has uniformity. The binary matrix rank test results imply that it is linear independent among disjoint sub-matrices of the output. Maurer’s universal statistical test results show that the output could be significantly compressed without loss of information. Run test, spectral test, non-overlapping template matching test, overlapping template matching test, Lempel-Ziv compression test, linear complexity test, serial test, approximate entropy test, cumulative sums test, random excursions test and random excursions variant test results fulfill the requirements of all. Therefore the MBC mode has good pseudo-randomness. Thus the security of MBC mode is verified by the way of statistical evaluation.

Approach of Training Working Staff of Power System Operation Mode Based on State Evaluation

An approach of training working staff of power system operation mode based on state evaluation is proposed. In terms of knowledge features of power system operation mode, we studied a training method based on evaluation of learning state. This training method makes individual learning for different individual condition to give them ability to grasp learning points quickly, evaluate real-time learning effect, update learning style in time and summarize problems after one learning stage, so that learners can master professional knowledge in constant summaries and feedbacks. Obvious effects can be obtained on discontinuous learning time that trainees can master basic theories associated with their working and operations adapted to practical work quickly.

Research on Innovative Learning Based on Mixed Teaching Model of Data Structures

Under the premise of building an innovative country and cultivating innovative talents,teaching innovative learning,cultivating students’innovative thinking and improving the teaching mode and curriculum form have already become one of the main directions of deepening the reform of higher education.Data Structure is essential part in the undergraduate program.It is crucial for student to carry out research and project.In the actual teaching activities,the problems of content updating,practice ability for research projects of data structures are to be improved.Therefore,the course reform is imperative.This paper analyzed the main problems of the current data structures course,explored the solution of the problems,and proposed a new mixed teaching mode and evaluation method.

Review of ＂The College English Teaching Requirement （2007）＂

Since the first official college English curriculum being drafted out in 1982, English education has been implemented in People＇s Republic of China for about 30 years. Every curriculum at each stage shades a great light on the development of English teaching and learning in different time. Though reviewing the ＂The College English Teaching Requirement （2007）＂ （Ministry of Education, 2007）, it can be seen that the listening and speaking competences are highly emphasized to cope with the problem of ＂mute English＂, and computers are invited to facilitate English learning which make the learning process more individualized. However, there are also some shortcomings should be modified in the future, such as lack of needs analysis and pedagogical support and so on.

The Application of Case Method in the Teaching of Investment Project Evaluation

Case Method originated in the 1920s and was initiated by Harvard Business School in the United States.At that time,it adopted a unique style of case study,which was based on real situations or events in business management,in this way,it is helpful to cultivate and develop students’active participation in class discussion.For investment students,specialized courses such as Investment Project Evaluation and corporate finance are concentrated in the upper grades,and in the freshman,sophomore phase has completed the Finance,finance,macroeconomics and other basic courses.On the basis of students’existing knowledge structure,the course“Investment Project Evaluation”needs to fully tap students’potential in learning and train students’practical problem-solving ability,to cultivate students’thinking ability of combining theoretical knowledge with practical cases,to avoid the teaching mode of“I tell you to listen”,and to guide students to think,analyze and solve problems actively.

MODE降水检验评价指标改进及卷积半径应用

基于对象的诊断检验方法(MODE)受降水临界值、卷积半径、属性权重等参数的影响,合理选取卷积半径并准确表征预报场与观测场之间的空间相似度决定了MODE的应用效果。本文基于2020年夏季贵州54个降水个例,以多源融合降水(CMPA)作为实况,使用MODE和FSS评分(Fractions Skill Score)对中国气象局广东快速更新同化数值预报系统(CMA-GD)24 h日降水预报进行空间检验。结果表明:卷积半径过小易造成MODE提取降水对象过多,而卷积半径过大则导致局部降水信息丢失,无法从降水场中提取到降水对象。不同卷积半径下计算的最大相似度中值(M_(MI))存在突变。在M_(MI)基础上引入面积权重构造面积平均最大相似度(A_(MMI))。A_(MMI)不受提取降水对象个数的影响,较M_(MI)更具有稳定性,用于表征降水场之间的整体空间相似程度更为合理。根据对象总面积随卷积半径的变化将降水分为大范围降水和局部降水2类。大范围降水平均总面积随着卷积半径的增加而增加,A_(MMI)随卷积半径变化不大。随着卷积半径的增加,局部降水平均总面积减小,平均A_(MMI)有所减小。局部降水对卷积半径选取较为敏感,以观测场对象面积变化不超过10%的最大半径作为卷积半径有助于保留降水场大部分信息。

MODE方法在降水预报检验中的应用分析

采用WRF模式MET检验包中MODE方法,对BJ-RUC降水预报产品进行客观检验。使用2008—2009年汛期北京自动站逐小时降水数据,挑选出2个及以上站3小时累计降水≥50 mm的局地强降水个例及主要降水时段,根据其环流形势及影响系统进行分型,并将其归纳出三种型:西来槽型、低涡型、切变线型。分别针对这三种型中强降水个例的主要降水时段进行检验。在检验中使用BJ-RUC模式降水预报产品,实况数据使用与强降水时段相对应的雷达QPE降水估计产品。检验结果表明,BJ-RUC模式降水漏报比空报造成的误差更为明显,对移动较明显的西来槽型降水预报能力较差,相似度评分与TS评分没有本质区别,但它能给模式应用和模式开发人员提供更多有用信息。此项工作能为该模式应用及模式改进提供参考依据。

基于Mastery-Learning Theory建立护理学导论课程双语分层教学模式

目的双语教学已成为各医学院校专业课程的主要教学手段,为培养国际型综合性医学人才奠定了基础。但随着医学院校双语教学的拓展与深化,教学中存在的问题也逐渐凸显。为了更系统、规范地进行双语教学课程建设,也为了更符合学生的适应能力,本文作者提出双语分层教学模式,以课堂教学分层为导向,以分层评价体系为标准构建课程体系,改变了以往以学生等级分层的传统双语教学方式,注重以掌握专业知识为主、英文能力提高为辅的课程教学目标,教学过程以学生接受英文教学程度、课程进度及学生反馈而调整,有效地实现了"以学生为中心"和"因材施教"的教学理念。

人工智能聊天机器人对科研成果与人才评价的影响研究——基于ChatGPT、Microsoft Bing视角分析

美国开放人工智能研究中心(OpenAI)研发的人工智能聊天机器人ChatGPT,基于“生成预训练转换器”(GPT)语言模型能够理解和响应自然语言输入,于2022年11月30日正式发布,短时间内在全球互联网界、学术界及产业界引发热议和关注。以ChatGPT、Microsoft Bing为代表的人工智能聊天机器人基于超大海量数据,采用“从人类反馈中强化学习”(RLHF)进行训练,主要具有三大功能:智能交互对话、智能文本生成、智能文献爬取。人工智能聊天机器人的核心竞争力是采用人工智能生成内容技术(AIGC)而具有强大的内容生成或文本生成能力,除能够生成一般应用性文稿外,还能够从事科学写作,从而引领和推动知识生产方式和学术研究范式变革,知识生产和学术研究进程将显著提速,知识生产者将从非创造性劳动中获得解放,知识生产方式将由“手动式”“半自动式”迈向“自动化”“智能化”。这种变革对传统的科研成果评价机制将产生重大影响,更进一步将对通过科研成果进行人才评价产生重大影响。大体上说,以ChatGPT为代表的人工智能聊天机器人应用于学术研究中,将遮蔽成果演化学术史,影响科研成果创新性评价;挑战知识产权保护制度,影响科研成果权属认定;带来学术伦理风险,影响科研成果评价生态;冲击人才评价基本标准,影响人才评价客观性。鉴于人工智能的渗透性、扩散性和颠覆性,首先要在思想认识上积极面对而不是消极应对,用其所长、避其所短,审慎使用,着力发挥其促进知识生产、推动学术进步的积极作用;其次,要抓住现行相关法规制度与快速进步的人工智能技术之间发展不平衡的矛盾,进一步完善制度、设置“护栏”,规范使用;第三,要推动技术开源,公开其智能生成逻辑,增强人工智能聊天机器人的技术可信度;第四,要建立人机协作机制,既发挥技术的数据处理优势,又发挥人的理性思维优势,最终由人把关知识生产、科研成果及人才评价。

The historical to future linkage of Arctic amplification on extreme precipitation over the Northern Hemisphere using CMIP5 and CMIP6 models

Arctic warming played a dominant role in recent occurrences of extreme events over the Northern Hemisphere,but climate models cannot accurately simulate the relationship.Here a significant positive correlation(0.33-0.95)between extreme precipitation and Arctic amplification(AA)is found using observations and CMIP5/6 multi-model ensembles.However,CMIP6 models are superior to CMIP5 models in simulating the temporal evolution of extreme precipitation and AA.According to 14 optimal CMIP6 models,the maximum latitude of planetary waves and the strength of Northern Hemisphere annular mode(NAM)will increase with increasing AA,contributing to increased extreme precipitation over the Northern Hemisphere.Under the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway SSP5-8.5,AA is expected to increase by 0.85℃ per decade while the maximum latitude of planetary waves will increase by 2.82°per decade.Additionally,the amplitude of the NAM will increase by 0.21 hPa per decade,contributing to a rise in extreme precipitation of 1.17% per decade for R95pTOT and 0.86% per decade for R99pTOT by 2100.

多粒度概率语言环境下基于PROMETHEE的改进FMEA方法

针对传统故障模式和影响分析(FMEA)方法中存在关于故障模式评估、风险因子权重和风险优先级排序等方面的固有缺陷,提出了一种多粒度概率语言环境下基于偏好顺序结构评估法(PROMETHEE)的改进FMEA方法。该方法运用多粒度概率语言术语集(PLTS)刻画了专家评估信息的多样性和不确定性,并基于二元语义转换函数为引入工具的语言计算模型统一各专家多粒度风险评估信息,运用最优最劣法(BWM)和熵权法相结合的综合赋权法确定风险因子权重,将PROMETHEE拓展到概率语言环境中用于确定故障模式风险优先序。最后,运用托盘交换架故障风险评估案例来验证该方法的适用性和有效性,并进一步通过敏感度与对比分析以显示该方法的优越性。