Lower bound for the security of differential phase shift quantum key distribution against a one-pulse-attack

Quantum key distribution is the art of sharing secret keys between two distant parties, and has attracted a lot of attention due to its unconditional security. Compared with other quantum key distribution protocols, the differential phase shift quantum key distribution protocol has higher efficiency and simpler apparatus. Unfortunately, the uncondi- tional security of differential phase shift quantum key distribution has not been proved. Utilizing the sharp continuity of the von Neuman entropy and some basic inequalities, we estimate the upper bound for the eavesdropper Eve＇s infor- mation. We then prove the lower bound for the security of the differential phase shift quantum key distribution protocol against a one-pulse attack with Devatak-Winter＇s secret key rate formula.

Inference and Properties of Mixture Two Extreme Lower Bound Distributions

In this paper, we discuss the mixture model of two extreme lower bound distributions. First, some properties we obtain of the model with hazard function are discussed. In addition, the estimates of the unknown parameters via the EM algorithm are obtained. The performance of the findings in the paper is showed by demonstrating some numerical illustrations through Monte Carlo simulation.

Cramer-Rao bound and signal-to-noise ratio gain in distributed coherent aperture radar

This paper studies the estimation performance of the coherent processing parameter （CPP）, including time delay differences and phase synchronization errors among different apertures of the distributed coherent aperture radar （DCAR）. Firstly, three architectures of signal processing in the DCAR are introduced. Secondly, the closed-form Cramer-Rao bound （CRB） of the CPP estimation is derived and compared. Then, the closed-form CRB is verified by numerical simulations. Finally, when the next generation radar works in a fully coherent mode, the closed-form signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） gain of the three architectures is presented.

SPECTRUM DISTRIBUTION OF THE SEDOND ORDER GENERALIZED DISTRIBUTED PARAMETER SYSTEMS

Spectrum distribution of the second order generalized distributed parameter system was discussed via the functional analysis and operator theory in Hilbert space. The solutions of the problem and the constructive expression of the solutions are given by the generalized inverse one of bounded linear operator. This is theoretically important for studying the stabilization and asymptotic stability of the second order generalized distributed parameter system.

Countermeasure against probabilistic blinding attack in practical quantum key distribution systems

In a practical quantum key distribution（QKD） system, imperfect equipment, especially the single-photon detector,can be eavesdropped on by a blinding attack. However, the original blinding attack may be discovered by directly detecting the current. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic blinding attack model, where Eve probabilistically applies a blinding attack without being caught by using only an existing intuitive countermeasure. More precisely, our countermeasure solves the problem of how to define the bound in the limitation of precision of current detection, and then we prove security of the practical system by considering the current parameter. Meanwhile, we discuss the bound of the quantum bit error rate（QBER） introduced by Eve, by which Eve can acquire information without the countermeasure.

Security of biased BB84 quantum key distribution with finite resource

In the original BB84 quantum key distribution protocol, the states are prepared and measured randomly, which lose the unmatched detection results. To improve the sifting efficiency, biased bases selection BB84 protocol is proposed. Meanwhile, a practical quantum key distribution protocol can only transmit a finite number of signals, resulting in keys of finite length. The previous techniques for finite-key analysis focus mainly on the statistical fluctuations of the error rates and yields of the qubits. However, the prior choice probabilities of the two bases also have fluctuations by taking into account the finite-size effect. In this paper, we discuss the security of biased decoy state BB84 protocol with finite resources by considering all of the statistical fluctuations. The results can be directly used in the experimental realizations.

Extinction and Stationary Distribution of a Stochastic SIR Epidemic Model with Jumps

A stochastic susceptible-infective-recovered(SIR)epidemic model with jumps was considered.The contributions of this paper are as follows.(1) The stochastic differential equation(SDE)associated with the model has a unique global positive solution;(2) the results reveal that the solution of this epidemic model will be stochastically ultimately bounded,and the non-linear SDE admits a unique stationary distribution under certain parametric conditions;(3) the coefficients play an important role in the extinction of the diseases.

基于深度学习的实例分割边界框回归方法研究

针对实例分割任务中图像中可能出现相互遮挡或边缘模糊导致边界框定位不准确的问题,本文提出了一种新的边界框回归损失函数。将边界框位置预测转化为估计定位置信度随位置变化的概率分布;考虑坐标点间存在联系,提出一种面积差计算方法;为了证明此方法可以很好地应用于先检测后分割的实例分割模型,本文使用Mask R-CNN作为基线。实验结果表明:在边界框检测及实例分割任务中,本文方法的精度优于其他方法,对于小物体的检测与分割效果更显著,训练和评估速度也更快。

非理想检测下多雷达网络节点选择与辐射资源联合优化分配算法

该文针对分布式相控阵多雷达网络的多目标跟踪场景,研究非理想检测条件下的节点选择与辐射资源联合优化分配算法。首先,根据分布式相控阵多雷达网络构成、目标运动模型、雷达量测模型以及雷达节点检测情况,推导非理想检测下以雷达节点选择、辐射功率和信号带宽为变量的贝叶斯克拉默-拉奥下界(BCRLB)闭式解析表达式,并以此作为多目标跟踪精度衡量指标。在此基础上,以最小化系统各雷达节点对所有目标的总辐射功率为优化目标,以满足目标跟踪精度门限以及给定的系统射频辐射资源限制为约束条件,建立非理想检测条件下多雷达网络节点选择与辐射资源联合优化分配模型,对各时刻雷达节点选择、辐射功率和信号带宽等参数进行联合优化设计,以提升多雷达网络的射频隐身性能。最后,针对上述非线性、非凸优化问题,采用基于障碍函数法和循环最小化算法的4步分解算法进行求解。仿真结果表明,与现有算法相比,所提算法能在满足给定多目标跟踪精度的条件下有效降低分布式相控阵多雷达网络的总辐射功率,至少降低了约32.3%,从而提升其射频隐身性能。

基于非线性高斯平方距离损失的目标检测

在目标检测领域中,基于交并比(intersection over union, IoU)的系列损失函数存在一定的局限性,使得边界框回归的精度和稳定性有待进一步提升。为此提出了一种基于非线性高斯平方距离的边界框回归损失函数。首先综合考虑了边界框中重叠性、中心点距离和长宽比3个因素,将边界框建模为高斯分布;然后提出一种高斯平方距离来衡量概率分布之间的差距;最后设计了符合优化趋势的非线性函数,将高斯平方距离转化为有利于神经网络学习的损失函数。实验结果表明,与IoU损失相比,所提方法在掩膜区域卷积神经网络、一阶全卷积目标检测器和自适应特征选择目标检测器上的平均精度均值分别提高了0.3%、1.1%和2.3%,证明了该方法能有效提升目标检测的性能,同时有利于高精度边界框的回归。

基于最小权覆盖的医药电商配送中心选址及区域覆盖优化研究

配送中心选址及区域划分是物流配送过程中的关键环节,直接决定了配送时效及配送成本,在当今电子商务领域显得尤为重要。本文针对国内医药电商企业,提出了一种考虑药品配送时效的配送中心选址策略;随后建立该问题的整数规划模型,采用最小权顶点覆盖方法描述问题,并通过优先队列分支限界算法对此模型进行求解,得出最优选址结果;最后按最小运费原则将被重复覆盖区域进行再划分,得到配送中心选址及区域划分最终方案。本文基于上述策略为国内某头部医药电商企业提供了两种选址方案:保留企业原有配送中心并确定新配送中心选址点(改进选址方案)和从企业所有需求节点中重新为配送中心选址(重选址方案),并使用企业真实销量和物流数据进行算例分析。

一种基于条件梯度的加速分布式在线学习算法

由于容易实施,基于投影梯度的分布式在线优化模型逐渐成为一种主流的在线学习方法.然而,在处理大数据应用时,投影步骤成为该方法的计算瓶颈.近年来,研究者提出了面向凸代价函数的分布式在线条件梯度算法,其悔界为O(T^(3/4)),其中T是一个时间范围.该算法存在两方面的问题,一是其悔界劣于公认的悔界O(/T);二是没有分析非凸代价函数的收敛性能,而实际应用中代价函数大部分是非凸函数.因此,提出一种基于条件梯度的加速分布式在线学习算法,使用Frank-Wolfe步骤替代投影步骤,避免昂贵的投影计算.文中证明当局部代价函数为凸函数时,所提算法达到公认的悔界O(/T);当局部代价函数为潜在非凸函数时,所提算法以速率O(/T)收敛到平稳点.最后,仿真实验验证了所提算法的性能与理论证明的结论.

Dynamic Relay Selection Method for Distributed MIMO Relay System

The research on distributed MIMO relay system has been attracting much attention. In this paper, a decode-and-forward scheme distributed MIMO relay system is examined. For upper bound of channel capacity, the distance between transceivers is optimized when the propagation loss is brought close to actuality. Additionally, the number of relay is optimized whether total antenna element is fixed or not. When the number of relay is assumed to be infinite, the dynamic relay selection method based on the transmission rate is proposed. We represent that with the proposed method, the transmit power and the number of relays are saving.

An efficient distributed algorithm for game tree search

This paper presents a distributed game tree search algorithm called DDS. Based on communication overhead, st,orage requirement, speed up, and oiller factors, the performance of algorithm DDS* is analysed, and the number of nodes searched with SSS as well as a-b algorithm. The simulation test shows that. DDS* is an efficient and practical search algorithm.

ESTIMATION OF CARRIER FREQUENCY OFFSETS FOR MIMO SYSTEMS WITH DISTRIBUTED TRANSMIT ANTENNAS

The problem of estimating the carrier frequency offsets in Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems with distributed transmit antennas is addressed. It is supposed that the transmit antennas are distributed while the receive antennas are still centralized, and the general case where both the time delays and the frequency offsets are possibly different for each transmit antenna is considered. The channel is supposed to be frequency flat, and the macroscopic fading is also taken into consideration. A carrier frequency offset estimator based on Maximum Likelihood (ML) is proposed, which can separately estimate the frequency offset for each transmit antenna and exploit the spatial diversity. The Cramer-Rao Bound (CRB) for synchronous MIMO (i.e., the time delays for each transmit antenna are all equal) is also derived. Simulation results are given to illustrate the per- formance of the estimator and compare it with the CRB. It is shown that the estimator can provide satisfactory frequency offset estimates and its performance is close to the CRB for the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) below 20dB.

Matrix-bound phosphine in Ny-Alesund Area of Arctic

Phosphine,a ubiquitous trace gas in the atmosphere,acts as a carrier of gasous phosphorus in thebiogeochemical cycle.The research of phosphine will show new light on the mechanisms of how the phos-phorus supplement influence the biogeochemical cycle and global warming.In this paper,we detect thephosphine in Arctic Pole area for the first time.The result shows that matrix-bound phosphine(MBP)ex-ists in all the samplings.Phosphine distributions varied with different environmental origins.Averagephosphine concentrations in tundra soil,lake sediments,sea sediments,seabird-droppings and deerguanos were 14.17ng/kg dry,35.44 kg dry,67.20 kg dry,32.9 ng/kg dry,and 25.52 ng/kg dry re-spectively.Correlation analysis shows that there is an obviously positive correlation between Porg andMBP.It could be concluded that anaerobic decomposition of Porg and the mechano-chernistry action of therock probably are the possible reasons explaining the mechanism of MBP production in Arctic Pole area.

Distributed multicast routing algorithm with dynamic performance in multimedia networks

The delay and DVBMT problem is known to be NP-complete. In this paper,an efficient distributed dynamic multicast routing algorithm was proposed to produce routing trees with delay and delay variation constraints. The proposed algorithm is fully distributed,and supports the dynamic reorganizing of the multicast tree in response to changes for the destination. Simulations demonstrate that our algorithm is better in terms of tree delay and routing success ratio as compared with other existing algorithms,and performs excellently in delay variation performance under lower time complexity,which ensures it to support the requirements of real-time multimedia communications more effectively.

低信噪比场景下Link-16系统的联合频偏估计算法

对于Link-16数据链终端平台在低信噪比(SNR)高动态场景下的多普勒频率偏移问题,该文设计一种新的数据结构,推导了该结构下的克拉默-拉奥下界(CRLB),并在此基础上提出一种联合频域变换与时域自相关运算的分步式频偏估计算法。其基本思想是,首先对接收信号做自相关处理,然后通过频域变换进行最大值索引,结合修正因子得到多普勒频移的粗估计值,再利用时域的改进L&R算法对接收信号进行细估计,根据两步估计算法得到最终的频偏估计值。算法应用蒙特卡罗实验仿真,仿真结果表明,与传统频偏估计算法相比,该算法的归一化均方误差更接近CRLB,在多普勒频偏为[–20 kHz,20 kHz]时,估计精度可达10^(–5)。在低信噪比环境下,所提算法能达到较为理想的估计效果,适用于Link-16数据链通信。

考虑多主体博弈的配电网源网荷储协同规划

双碳目标下以风光为主体的新能源高比例接入配电网,提出一种考虑多主体博弈的配电网源网荷储协同规划方法。首先,分析分布式电源运营商、配电网运营商、储能运营商和电力用户之间的传递关系。在此基础上,建立不同主体的收益模型。然后,构建考虑利益主体有限理性的配电网多主体博弈协同规划模型,通过分布式电源运营商、配电网运营商和储能运营商的演化博弈,在考虑用户侧需求响应的条件下决策出配电网网架、分布式电源和储能最佳规划方案。最后,通过仿真算例验证提出方法的有效性。结果表明,提出的方法可有效协调网架、分布式电源和储能的规划,确定用户参与需求侧响应的方案,提高规划的经济性,并且促进新能源消纳。同时考虑利益主体的博弈关系和有限理性,规划结果兼顾多主体利益,并且更加趋近于实际。

New results on the robust stability analysis of neural networks with discrete and distributed time delays

Delay-dependent robust stability of cellular neural networks with time-varying discrete and distributed time-varying delays is considered. Based on Lyapunov stability theory and the linear matrix inequality （LMIs） technique, delay-dependent stability criteria are derived in terms of LMIs avoiding bounding certain cross terms, which often leads to conservatism. The effectiveness of the proposed stability criteria and the improvement over the existing results are illustrated in the numerical examples.