People's Awareness of the Building Problems Existing in Mount Emei National Park

Studies on the awareness of the problems existing in new and old buildings in Mount Emei National Park have been carried out. It is found that the problems in relation to old and to new buildings are different. Then, authorities that can combat problems of old and new buildings are in general different. After that, in relation to old buildings, architectural design institution and religious unit are considered to be able to deal with the problems resulting from function and utilisation and the Mount Emei Authority to those from organisation and management. In relation to the new, the planning institution is believed to be the most authoritative to tackle surrounding and traditional value problems while the architectural design institution is well placed to resolve aesthetic problems. Finally, both old and new buildings require improved powers, policy, administration and organisation to combat the problems although financial resources are emphasised for the old buildings and improvements in planning and architectural design for the new ones.

Empirical Human Rights Studies Contribute to Building a Society Under the Rule of Law——Summary of the Fifth National Meeting for the Exchange of Work Experience Among Human Rights Research Institutions

From Nov. 5 to 6, 2013, the China Society for Human Rights Studies （CSHRS）held the Fifth National Meeting for the Exchange of Work Experience Among Human Rights Research Institutions at Wuhan University. More than 100 experts and scholars, focusing on empirical human rights studies and their contribution to building a society based on the rule of law, shared their work experience and discussed effective strategies. CSHRS President Luo Haocai, who served as vice chairman of the 10th National Committee of the Chinese People＇s Political Consultative Conference,

An Understanding of Old and New Buildings in Chinese National Parks with Reference to Mount Emei

This paper presents an investigation on attitudes towards old and new buildings in Mount Emei that is a significant cultural national park in China. Questionnaires and interviews were employed to collect data from those whose careers and lives are affected, and were affected, by the buildings. The investigation reveals that people show significantly different attitudes towards the two types of buildings and place more value on old buildings. People particularise their liking for old buildings associated with traditional values, aesthetic quality and conformity to surroundings whereas indicates their disliking for new ones with changed values from tradition to modernity, unsound administrative management and poor respect for surroundings. It is concluded that traditional ideology tends to be well expressed by the old buildings but poorly by new ones. It is accordingly suggested that ideology should be taken more into account in new building projects in Mount Emei.

Need for Policy Revision： In Context of the United States Defence Strategy Towards South Asia

The twenty-first century globalization in international affairs has created an integration which appears unpreventable. This global integration had an impact on South Asia. This paper examines the significance of the United States defence strategy of combating terrorism and its policy of development. It intends to rethink of the United States defence strategy towards South Asia after September 2001 terrorist attack; whether it is to combat terrorism as stipulated in US national documents or whether it has other intentions. The latter part of this research presents the relevant interventions and defence actions that followed the US policy declarations. The intentions of long-term objectives are implicit in the chain of defence activities that followed to date. In this regard, the significance of this research is to understand how a peaceful atmosphere could be created in South Asia where global development automatically follows. The findings of this research have opened up a relevant and timely topic to inquire into. Specifically, this research encourages Sri Lanka to understand and rethink its foreign policy as a country in a post war period.

The 2 ℃ Global Temperature Target and the Evolution of the Long-TermGoal of Addressing Climate Change-From the United Nations FrameworkConvention on Climate Change to the Paris Agreement

The Paris Agreement proposed to keep the increase in global average temperature to well below 2 ℃ abovepre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 ℃ above pre-industriallevels. It was thus the first international treaty to endow the 2 ℃ global temperature target with legal effect.The qualitative expression of the ultimate objective in Article 2 of the United Nations Framework Conventionon Climate Change （UNFCCC） has now evolved into the numerical temperature rise target in Article 2 of theParis Agreement. Starting with the Second Assessment Report （SAR） of the Intergovernmental Panel on Cli-mate Change （IPCC）, an important task for subsequent assessments has been to provide scientific informa-tion to help determine the quantified long-term goal for UNFCCC negotiation. However, due to involvementin the value judgment within the scope of non-scientific assessment, the IPCC has never scientifically af-firmed the unacceptable extent of global temperature rise. The setting of the long-term goal for addressingclimate change has been a long process, and the 2 ℃ global temperature target is the political consensuson the basis of scientific assessment. This article analyzes the evolution of the long-term global goal foraddressing climate change and its impact on scientific assessment, negotiation processes, and global low-carbon development, from aspects of the origin of the target, the series of assessments carried out by the 1PCCfocusing on Article 2 of the UNFCCC, and the promotion of the global temperature goal at the political level.

Revisiting Ubuntu in the Midst of a Violent Conflict： Reflections on the Marikana Tragedy in South Africa

South Africa comes from a bitter past of gross inequalities and human rights abuses suffered by the majority of Africans as a result of the colonial and apartheid legacy. When apartheid was dismantled in 1994, through the spirit of reconciliation which was spearheaded by the country＇s late and former President, Mr. Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, the country was transformed into a democracy where citizens opted to live together on the basis of equality and mutual respect for each other. The ＂New＂ South Africa immediately raised hope for change in the hearts of the majority, whose human rights were previously violated; who thought that the new dispensation would immediately bring improvements in their socioeconomic conditions. Based on the conflict perspective, this paper critically reflects on the recent case of violent conflict in South Africa known as the Marikana tragedy, to explore the efficacy of fostering meaningful reconciliation in the midst of a violent conflict. Through interviews carried out with survivors and wives of the deceased victims in October 2014, the paper demonstrates how the South African government has failed to meet the post-apartheid expectations, but instead, continues to serve the interests of capital at the expense of the majority of people whose working and living conditions have not improved 20 years into democracy. By interrogating their general understanding of democracy and reconciliation strategies used to address the conflict both by the government and the owners of capital, the paper concludes that meaningful reconciliation is a complex process that will take many more years than anticipated. It requires not only urgent redress of soeio-economic imbalances through the implementation of the new National Development Plan （NDP）, but also the implementation of carefully crafted conflict resolution strategies that are embedded in the application of Ubuntu principles by all those involved in the conflict.

Building the Three Gorges Project for the Chinese Nation—An Interview with General Manager Lu Youmei, China Yangtze River Three Gorges Project Development Corporation

The Yangtze River has nurtured the fertile land on both its banks and hundreds of millions of Chinese people. but its raging waters have also wreaked havoc on the people living in its reaches. Since the founding of New China, large-scale surveys, planning, scientific research and feasibility studies have been carried out in an effort to harness the

Building National Level Human Rights Bases and Popularization Centers

Building national human rights education and train- ing bases is part of China＇s human rights development,which shows the strong will of the Chinese government for promoting human fights and strengthening hu- man rights protection. Such an action is not only a practical measure for implementing international human fights action plans, but also a practice of the Chinese government in re- specting and implementing relevant international obligations set by the United Nations.

Building a Community for the Chinese Nation in the Context of National Cohesion

Mr.Fei Xiaotong once pointed out that Han people has played a central cohesive role in the formation of the unified multi-ethnic Chinese nation.The emergence and popularization of the concept of“Chinese nation"is itself a manifestation of national cohesion.The history of unified multi-ethnic Chinese nation since the Qin and Han dynasties has laid the foundation of the community for Chinese nation.The building of the community for the Chinese nation is both a realistic subject and a historical process.Since its founding,the Communist Party of China(CPC)has been committed to pushing forward the establishment of a community for the Chinese nation.The ultimate purpose of fostering a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation,standing firmly with“Five Identities",and enhancing our identity with and pride in the Chinese nation,is to improve national cohesion of China.A community for the Chinese nation is a critical expression for Chinese national cohesion;and to push forward the establishment of a community for the Chinese nation in the new era is one of the key measures to improve Chinese national cohesion.

我国基层中医药服务现状及发展路径探讨

背景我国对基层中医药卫生服务的关注度持续提升,但是目前基层中医药卫生服务体系仍存在问题,制约了我国中医药事业的发展。目的分析我国基层中医药卫生服务体系现状,探索持续提升基层中医药服务能力的策略。方法于2022年12月,检索《中国卫生健康统计年鉴》《全国中医药统计编摘》及国家疾病预防控制局和国家心血管病中心官方网站获取数据,从卫生投入、服务产出、健康需要3个层面构建指标体系,结合秩和比法和WHO卫生系统绩效模块框架对基层中医药服务现状进行综合评价。结果卫生投入方面:2017—2021年,除乡镇卫生院外,其他能够提供中医药服务的基层医疗卫生机构数量均有所增加;社区卫生服务中心(站)、乡镇卫生院、门诊部中医类临床科室床位数呈现上升趋势,但门诊部中医类临床科室床位数占门诊部总床位数的比例有所下降;社区卫生服务中心(站)、乡镇卫生院、诊所中医类执业(助理)医师占比明显上升,而村卫生室的中医类执业(助理)医师占比保持稳定,门诊部的中医类执业(助理)医师占比逐年递减;近5年,基层医疗卫生机构财政投入的绝对数值稳步提高,而中医机构财政拨款波动减少。服务产出方面:尽管各类机构中医诊疗人次占机构总诊疗人次的比例按照一定增幅稳步增长(除中医类门诊部外),但仅村卫生室的中医诊疗量占比始终保持在30.0%以上;除乡镇卫生院外,其他基层医疗卫生机构的中医类执业(助理)医师人均担负年诊疗人次总体上呈下降趋势。根据综合评价结果,2017、2018、2021年处于资源分配适宜状态,而2019、2020年处于资源分配不均衡状态。结论目前,我国基层中医药卫生服务体系建设得到有效落实,但在有序推进的过程中也存在一些不足。基层中医药资源不足、服务与利用不均衡、中医药优势未充分发挥、人才培养机制不健全、财政投入少等问题制约中医药事业的发展。为推动基层医疗卫生机构持续提高中医药卫生服务能力,需要夯实政府职能,进一步弘扬中医药文化,建立激励机制以优化人才培养模式,加强中医药服务与医保政策紧密结合,建设以“信息一体化”为支撑的中医医联体。

党建引领:铸牢中华民族共同体意识的实现路径

基于中华民族共同体、中华民族共同体意识、铸牢中华民族共同体意识三个概念之间“社会存在-社会意识-转化过程”的关系分析,各民族认同凝聚是铸牢中华民族共同体意识的关键环节。党建引领则在具备权力、组织、制度、意识形态、法律、规范等凝聚工具的基础上,成为各民族认同凝聚的有效方式。基于所具备的各民族认同凝聚功能,党建引领铸牢中华民族共同体意识的主要实现路径如下:首先,以党建引领巩固民族政治共识性基础、塑造民族现代性政治认同,在强化中华民族共同政治凝聚中,铸牢各民族的政治归属意识;其次,以党建引领扩充民族关系网络纽带、实现民族社会信任增蓄,在培育中华民族共享社会资本中,铸牢各民族的社会互助意识;再次,以党建引领拓展民族公共文化空间、打造民族政治文化符号、供给民族核心价值观念,在构筑中华民族共有精神家园中,铸牢各民族的精神共通意识;最后,以党建引领代表各民族共同性利益、调节具体性利益,在协调中华民族共生利益关系中,铸牢各民族的利益联结意识。

在强国建设中彰显大外作为

人才培养在中华民族伟大复兴进程中占据突出地位,也是建设中国特色社会主义教育强国的核心议题。本文从落实立德树人根本任务、重构大学外语课程体系、推进人工智能赋能大学外语教学三个方面论述大学外语教育在强国建设中的担当作为。

中国近代以来的民族构建及其影响

对当代中国民族现象和民族关系的认知务必注意,不论是中华民族、国内各民族还是民族间关系,均在历史演变基础上经过了近代以来的民族构建过程。其间,历史形态的中华民族,一方面经由人口国民化和国民整体化而形成了国民共同体,另一方面又经由自我构建的各个民族的凝聚而成为一个更大的多族聚合体,实现了现代构建。同时,历史上众多的民族群体,则经过民族构建而成为国内的56个民族。在此过程中,国家因素、国族因素和各族互动三个方面相结合,造就了当代中国的民族关系。经历了这样的民族构建,中华民族、国内56个民族以及民族关系有了今天的形态、面貌和性质。因此,要对当代中国的民族现象和民族关系形成准确的把握,就必须对近代以来的民族构建进行认真的梳理。

建设社会主义文化强国与习近平文化思想的体系性学理性

党的二十届三中全会提出深化文化体制机制改革以加快建设社会主义文化强国的战略部署。建设社会主义文化强国是新时代中国共产党人新的文化使命之一,是进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的奋斗目标之一,是习近平文化思想的重要内容。习近平文化思想学理性回应和解答社会主义文化强国建设面临的历史性课题和重大时代课题,系统性回应社会主义文化强国建设面临的中国之问、世界之问、人民之问、时代之问,全面性部署社会主义文化强国建设的理论工作与实践工作,科学性指明社会主义文化强国建设的路线图和任务书,为中国共产党人担负起新时代新的文化使命提供了强大思想武器和科学行动指南。习近平文化思想的学理性是其体系性的内在基础,体系性是其学理性的外在表现,从理论与实践相结合的维度指导社会主义文化强国建设,标志中国共产党对社会主义文化建设规律的认识达到新高度,推动中国式现代化走向建设中华民族现代文明和创造人类文明新形态的高度。

谋开放新篇 育强国优师--《教育部关于实施国家优秀中小学教师培养计划的意见》解读

2023年7月教育部制定了国家优秀中小学教师培养计划(以下简称“国优计划”),旨在以“双一流”建设高校为依托,选拔培养专业成绩优秀且乐教适教的理工类学科人才,从而为基础教育事业培养和输送高质量的优秀教师。“国优计划”的出台,一方面是对教师教育历史政策实践,即推动教师教育向高质量发展模式转变,以及健全以开放、协同、联动为主要特点的现代教师教育体系的继承与延续;另一方面是为推动新时代教育强国、科技强国、人才强国建设和契合基础教育发展新形势所制定的创新发展路径,即构建多主体联动,贯通本研、职前职后一体化培养模式,实现“优秀人才”向“优秀教师”转化,切实解决教师队伍建设中存在的学科结构不均衡、培养层次不高等方面的问题,从源头上强化拔尖创新人才的培养。为此,对“国优计划”的政策实施路径提出以下建议:促进政策主体的外部行动协同与内部治理优化;规范研制人才选拔标准与培养方案;建立和健全面向政策实施的专业评估与跟踪监测机制;建立与政策相配套的培训与试点经验交流机制。

习近平关于铸牢中华民族共同体意识教育的重要论述探析

立足新的历史方位,习近平总书记对铸牢中华民族共同体意识教育的价值意蕴、核心要义和实践进路等重大问题进行重要论述;它是一个科学的理论体系,具有鲜明的原创性、时代性、开放性等理论品格;它具有重要的实践意义,为铸牢中华民族共同体意识教育实践的不断推进提供根本遵循。

延安时期中国共产党推进中华民族共同体建设:历史逻辑、理论基底与体系构架

延安时期中国共产党推进中华民族共同体建设蕴含“三位一体”的历史逻辑,即以对“中华民族”国族概念与其共同体内涵的辨析论证为思想主题,以全民族抗日统一战线的建立与巩固为平台基础,以中国特色解决民族问题实践的探索为现实路径。在此背景下,中国共产党追溯推究中华民族的演化过程与内在结构,剖释缕析中国族际关系的共同体性质,擘肌分理中国共产党领导与各民族自治的关系机制,同时围绕组织领导、民主建设、经济建设、文化教育、思想宣传、关系协调等多维度,形成了互为支撑、有机联系、协调统一的操作系统,使得中华民族共同体意识在群众生活中有具象载体,在媒介传播中有形象呈现,在民族交往中有意象嵌合。

建设中华民族现代文明:习近平文化思想形成的逻辑理路与实践指向

文化自信理念奠定了习近平文化思想的理论前提,是建设中华民族现代文明的信心之源与力量之本;文化强国建设是锻造中华民族现代文明的历练之路与淬炼之炉;“两个结合”揭示了习近平文化思想的创新源泉;建设中华民族现代文明标注了习近平文化思想的伟大使命。习近平文化思想形成的逻辑理路与实践指向浓缩了新时代宣传思想文化建设发展史,谱写了马克思主义文化理论的时代新篇。

论北疆文化传承发展与铸牢中华民族共同体意识的内在关系

北疆文化融红色文化和草原文化、农耕文化、黄河文化、长城文化等于一体,是内蒙古各民族在长期交往交流交融中共同创造的地域文化,也是中华文化的重要组成部分。铸牢中华民族共同体意识是新时代党的民族工作和民族地区各项工作的主线,民族地区的文化建设必须紧紧围绕并且毫不偏离这条主线。中国是统一的多民族国家的基本国情、内蒙古地处边疆民族地区的区情,决定了铸牢中华民族共同体意识在北疆文化传承发展中的主线和总纲地位;北疆文化的传承发展也为内蒙古各民族铸牢中华民族共同体意识提供了重要的情感支撑和精神纽带,两者相辅相成。中国历代王朝和地方政权的北疆治理与内蒙古地区各民族中华民族共同体意识的形成发展,推动了北疆文化的传承发展。打造“北疆文化”品牌,是内蒙古自治区以铸牢中华民族共同体意识为主线,着眼于完成好“五大任务”和全方位建设“模范自治区”两件大事,积极推进文化建设,奋力书写中国式现代化内蒙古新篇章和建设中华民族现代文明内蒙古篇的重要举措。

转化与实化:基层开展铸牢中华民族共同体意识教育的关键

铸牢中华民族共同体意识教育是重要的意识形态教育,也是型塑国家软实力的系统工程。基层是社会建设的基础,面向基层的“铸牢”教育需要增强浸润性、渗透性,需要将教育内容、话语化虚为实、化大为小、化高为低。社会是普罗大众的群体组织,也是中华民族共同体意识生成、传播、弘扬的空间场域和人际网络载体。基层“铸牢”教育是言传身教、氛围营造、典型示范的结合。基层“铸牢”教育的目的就是要将各民族永远在一起的认知、价值、规约普及成“心照不宣”“人心所向”的共识,并转化为人们的规则与行动。