Background: The growing use of web-based patient portals offers patients valuable tools for accessing health information, communicating with healthcare providers, and engaging in self-management. However, the influenc...Background: The growing use of web-based patient portals offers patients valuable tools for accessing health information, communicating with healthcare providers, and engaging in self-management. However, the influence of educating patients on these portals’ functionality on clinical outcomes, such as all-cause readmission rates, remains underexplored. Objective: This research proposal tested the hypothesis that educating a subset of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), on how to effectively access and utilize the functionality of web-based patient portals can reduce all-cause readmission rates. Methods: We performed a prospective, quasi-experimental study at Bon Secours St. Mary’s Hospital in Richmond, Virginia, USA;dividing participants into an intervention group, receiving education about accessing and navigating “My Chart”, the Bon Secours Web based portal, and a control group, receiving standard care. We then compared 30-day readmission rates, patient engagement, and self-management behaviors between the groups. Data was analyzed using statistical tests to assess the intervention’s impact. Results: We projected that educated patients will exhibit lower readmission rates, improved engagement, and better self-management. The results of the study showed that there was a significant decrease in 30-day readmissions in the intervention group in comparison with the control group (22.7% and 40.9%, respectively). This reduction of 18. 2% of readmissions evaluated here for a trial of meaningful clinical effect is statistically insignificant (p = 0. 184). The practical significance of the intervention is considered small-to-moderate (Cramer V = 0. 20) suggesting that the observed difference has a potential clinical importance even though the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: These results imply that the proposed educational intervention might have a positive impact on readmissions;nonetheless, the patient’s characteristics that make him or her capable of readmission cannot be changed and are assessed by the RoR (Risk of Readmission) score. The potential impact of the intervention may be offset, in part, by these baseline risk factors. The study’s power may be limited by sample size, potentially affecting the detection of significant differences. Future studies with larger, multi-center samples and longer follow-up periods are recommended to confirm these findings.展开更多
Some French public middle schools offer gifted students the opportunity to pursue their education in general classes,while benefiting from specific facilities within the framework of a dedicated educational program.In...Some French public middle schools offer gifted students the opportunity to pursue their education in general classes,while benefiting from specific facilities within the framework of a dedicated educational program.In this study,we sought to identify and analyze the needs of these students as perceived by the headmaster of each middle school involved.The results highlight two main student needs,common to all these programs(uneasiness and difficulties in peer relationships)as well as needs specifically mentioned by some headmasters(non-adaptive behavior).展开更多
This paper adopts the self-designed questionnaire to make investigations and interviews with the rural middle and primary school teachers in Chengdu and Chongqing districts about the professional development problems ...This paper adopts the self-designed questionnaire to make investigations and interviews with the rural middle and primary school teachers in Chengdu and Chongqing districts about the professional development problems of western rural teachers, and refers to the educational literature materials in western rural areas. Through a comprehensive analysis, it is known that the professional knowledge status of western rural teachers is worrying, and the reason is mainly caused by the location, policy, economy, society, continuing education and teachers' own factors.展开更多
This study investigated the perceptions of English educators and supervisors in Jeddah Governorate regarding the process of teaching English to elementary students.A survey was conducted using a sample size of 94 educ...This study investigated the perceptions of English educators and supervisors in Jeddah Governorate regarding the process of teaching English to elementary students.A survey was conducted using a sample size of 94 educators and 10 supervisors.The data indicate that respondents considered English instruction at the elementary level essential for expanding kids’perspectives,improving academic performance,and promoting international involvement.The main advantages cited are the development of English language skills and the promotion of early education.Although not as easily noticeable,the disadvantages include potential negative impacts on an individual’s proficiency in Arabic and their sense of national identification.The highlighted challenges encompass insufficient teacher training,student reluctance towards English,limited resources,and school disparities.The proposed techniques focused on prioritizing English instructors’training,ensuring the use of appropriate content,utilizing technology,and promoting awareness of students and educators.The current research found different obstacles in teaching English at elementary stages.To overcome these obstacles,it will be essential to enhance teacher competencies,develop efficient teaching methods,get the backing of stakeholders,assign adequate resources,and carry out continuous evaluations.Further research can also contribute to a better understanding of how early English learning impacts on Arabic identity and proficiency.展开更多
The school placement processes of students from immigrant backgrounds considered to be in“difficulty”is an international concern at the intersection of works relating to special education and those concerning the sc...The school placement processes of students from immigrant backgrounds considered to be in“difficulty”is an international concern at the intersection of works relating to special education and those concerning the school experiences of students from immigrant backgrounds or racialized groups.The research problem of this article concerns the identification of these students as disabled or as having adjustment or learning difficulties.From a perspective anchored in Disability Critical Race Studies,this ethnographic study documents different interpretations of perceived difficulties made by school actors with regard to seven primary school students from immigrant backgrounds.Five interpretation types are presented:(1)medicalization by dismissal of cultural markers,(2)medicalization by professional constraint,(3)medicalization by cultural deficit,(4)precautionary wait,and(5)cultural differentialism.Our results help to shed light on the special education overrepresentation phenomenon regarding these students and to understand how ableism and(neo)racism contribute to it.展开更多
Pygmalion Effect refers to the expectation from teachers have stimulative effects on students' learning. English educa-tion of junior middle school has its unique nature, and the phenomenon of having trouble in le...Pygmalion Effect refers to the expectation from teachers have stimulative effects on students' learning. English educa-tion of junior middle school has its unique nature, and the phenomenon of having trouble in learning English in middle school stu-dents exists generally. So, the key point of this research is how the students use Pygmalion Effect to improve their English Learn-ing.展开更多
Ensuring program satisfaction for undergraduate students in the areas of science,technology,engineering and mathematics(STEM)matters in student retention and education quality improvement.This study explores how four ...Ensuring program satisfaction for undergraduate students in the areas of science,technology,engineering and mathematics(STEM)matters in student retention and education quality improvement.This study explores how four rarely examined variables support from faculty members,interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses,disciplinary connectedness of STEM program core courses,and examination difficulty impact Chinese STEM undergraduates’program satisfaction.With data from 619 Chinese STEM undergraduates,structural equation modeling shows that course satisfaction partially mediates the impact of support from faculty members on program satisfaction,while fully mediating that of interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses and disciplinary connectedness of STEM program core courses on program satisfaction.Examination difficulty exerts no significant impact on program satisfaction neither directly nor indirectly.Support from faculty members impact course satisfaction significantly stronger for junior and senior students than for freshmen and sophomores,while interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses impact course satisfaction stronger for freshmen and sophomores than for juniors and seniors.The study ends with practical implications for the higher education reform in relevant areas.展开更多
Objective: To determine the perceived difficulties in providing HIV/AIDS services among public health nurses and to identify their correlates, we carried out a cross-sectional study in the Kinki region of western Japa...Objective: To determine the perceived difficulties in providing HIV/AIDS services among public health nurses and to identify their correlates, we carried out a cross-sectional study in the Kinki region of western Japan. Methods: Structured self-administered questionnaires were distributed to all public health nurses in the region, and 1535 valid questionnaires were retrieved (valid response rate 78.7%). Results: More than half of the participants (52.8%) reported difficulties with HIV/AIDS services. The factors associated with perceived difficulties were having a negative attitude towards consultations on sexual matters (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.2, p p = 0.002 and AOR 1.8, p p p = 0.016), and low permissiveness of the diversity of sexual behavior (AOR 2.0, p Conclusions: Overall, our results suggest that nursing and public health nursing education in Japan should cover sexual issues and HIV/AIDS in a more systematic way.展开更多
The main contents of this paper is a new trend of employment status and employment difficulties of professional sports graduates in Jilin, and analysis on Jilin Physical graduates' Internal Education Causes of employ...The main contents of this paper is a new trend of employment status and employment difficulties of professional sports graduates in Jilin, and analysis on Jilin Physical graduates' Internal Education Causes of employment difficulties ,and how to effectively promote employment of Jilin education and sports undergraduate and graduate and implement measures. In this paper, we use literature, interview survey method, to analyze five professional employment situations of the graduates (physical education major, professional sports training, human movement science, and social sports professional, traditional sports professional). From this perspective of the internal education, employment difficulties of professional sports graduates are these : the concept of employment is a direct factor behind their employment difficulties ; university entrepreneurship education are indirect factors behind Kyrgyzstan employment difficulties ; training model obsolete is the root cause of their difficulties in finding jobs; college enrollment in recent years is its employment difficulties catalyst. This article analyzes the employment situation relating to education, and proposed employment countenueasures which professional sports graduates adapt to, namely: to meet market demand, improve professional structural adjustment; establish the concept of occupation after the first job; establish their own businesses and Multiple Employment Awareness; create a "multi-skilltype" physical training model.展开更多
The Shanghai government to help return Shanghai retired educated youth to overcome economic and social life in various difficulties introduced many help policy, but due to historical and realistic reasons, retired to ...The Shanghai government to help return Shanghai retired educated youth to overcome economic and social life in various difficulties introduced many help policy, but due to historical and realistic reasons, retired to Shanghai social security of the educated youth is always a trouble, it is difficult to get the perfect solution, it seriously affected the Shanghai social harmonious stability. This article attempts through the government-led level of retirement return Shanghai educated youth with all-sides help to solve their difficulties, through to the educated youth to compensate, to set up the educated youth mutual guarantee fund, broken educated youth and children between the problem of intergenerational transmission of retired return Shanghai social security dilemma of educated youth broken, in order to improve their level of social security in Shanghai.展开更多
With the enrollment expansion of college and continuous reform of college education system and college charging system,the number of college students with financial difficulties is increasing. The college students wit...With the enrollment expansion of college and continuous reform of college education system and college charging system,the number of college students with financial difficulties is increasing. The college students with family financial difficulties not only bear the huge economic burden,but also bear the huge pressure of learning and mental stress,and they have many kinds of psychological problems including psychological distress of tension and anxiety,psychological conflict of self-respect and self-abasement,conflict of desire for interpersonal interaction and self-containment and strong vanity and dependence mentality. This paper puts forward the corresponding recommendations to solve these problems.展开更多
Libraries in China's higher education institutions have been developing in keeping pace with the flourishing development of China's higher education. This article aims to make an introduction to the constructi...Libraries in China's higher education institutions have been developing in keeping pace with the flourishing development of China's higher education. This article aims to make an introduction to the construction of China's higher education libraries, especially the recent three decades' achievements since China's reform and opening-up in 1978. In this article, the authors draw a general picture of the development of libraries in China's higher education institutions, covering such eight aspects as management, types and positioning,organizational structure and personnel, expenditure and buildings, reader service, building and sharing of resources as well as automation system.展开更多
A strongly connotative element of developmental disorders (DS) is the total or partial impairment of verbal communication and, more generally, of social interaction. The method of Vocal-verb self-management (Augev) is...A strongly connotative element of developmental disorders (DS) is the total or partial impairment of verbal communication and, more generally, of social interaction. The method of Vocal-verb self-management (Augev) is a systemic organicistic method able to intervene in problems regarding verbal, spoken and written language development successfully. This study intends to demonstrate that it is possible to objectify these progresses through a spectrographic examination of vocal signals, which detects voice phonetic-acoustic parameters. This survey allows an objective evaluation of how effective an educational-rehabilitation intervention is. This study was performed on a population of 40 subjects (34 males and 6 females) diagnosed with developmental disorders (DS), specifically with a diagnosis of the autism spectrum disorders according to the DSM-5. The 40 subjects were treated in “la Comunicazione” centers, whose headquarters are near Bari, Brindisi and Rome. The results demonstrate a statistical significance in a correlation among the observed variables: supervisory status, attention, general dynamic coordination, understanding and execution of orders, performing simple unshielded rhythmic beats, word rhythm, oral praxies, phono-articulatory praxies, pronunciation of vowels, execution of graphemes, visual perception, acoustic perception, proprioceptive sensitivity, selective attention, short-term memory, segmental coordination, performance of simple rhythmic beatings, word rhythm, voice setting, intonation of sounds within a fifth, vowel pronunciation, consonant pronunciation, graphematic decoding, syllabic decoding, pronunciation of caudate syllables, coding of final syllable consonant, lexical decoding, phoneme-grapheme conversion, homographic grapheme decoding, homogeneous grapheme decoding, graphic stroke.展开更多
"Human rights education has, over the past decade, received increasingly great international attention.What merits special mention are those massive activities on-going in various countries to promote it, which const..."Human rights education has, over the past decade, received increasingly great international attention.What merits special mention are those massive activities on-going in various countries to promote it, which constitute a most salient feature of the global human rights cause.展开更多
Quality assessment systems for business organisations and also for vocational schools were established in Estonia at the beginning of 2000s. Almost ten years later, corresponding systems were introduced also for highe...Quality assessment systems for business organisations and also for vocational schools were established in Estonia at the beginning of 2000s. Almost ten years later, corresponding systems were introduced also for higher education institutions (HEIs). All these assessment systems are based on the European Foundation of Quality Management (EFQM) excellence model. The aim of this paper is to analyse benefits, difficulties, and success factors of quality assessment processes in Estonian business organisations, vocational schools, and HEIs. The study is based on the analysis of feedback questionnaire of 404 representatives from participating organisations (HEIs, vocational schools, and business enterprises) and assessors. Our analysis revealed that quality assessment processes including self-assessment reporting had a positive effect on organisation development and it has given the participants certain benefits and new challenges. As a consequence, knowledge about quality management as well as the self-assessment skills has been improved. The main difficulties were connected to limited time resources and with problems to recognize direct benefits of quality assessment. As substantial difficulties, limitations of analytical and report-writing skills were considered. As the biggest success factor, an involvement of managers on different levels decision making was recognized. The analysis revealed that there are a number of similar benefits and difficulties in the quality assessment systems of different organizations.展开更多
Adult English Education in China is making a good progress. But in some places, it is developing very unevenly. The author makes use of this paper to find the problems and to analyze the causes, then to make some sugg...Adult English Education in China is making a good progress. But in some places, it is developing very unevenly. The author makes use of this paper to find the problems and to analyze the causes, then to make some suggestions on how to solve the problems by characteristics of the adult learners.展开更多
文摘Background: The growing use of web-based patient portals offers patients valuable tools for accessing health information, communicating with healthcare providers, and engaging in self-management. However, the influence of educating patients on these portals’ functionality on clinical outcomes, such as all-cause readmission rates, remains underexplored. Objective: This research proposal tested the hypothesis that educating a subset of patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Congestive Heart Failure (CHF), on how to effectively access and utilize the functionality of web-based patient portals can reduce all-cause readmission rates. Methods: We performed a prospective, quasi-experimental study at Bon Secours St. Mary’s Hospital in Richmond, Virginia, USA;dividing participants into an intervention group, receiving education about accessing and navigating “My Chart”, the Bon Secours Web based portal, and a control group, receiving standard care. We then compared 30-day readmission rates, patient engagement, and self-management behaviors between the groups. Data was analyzed using statistical tests to assess the intervention’s impact. Results: We projected that educated patients will exhibit lower readmission rates, improved engagement, and better self-management. The results of the study showed that there was a significant decrease in 30-day readmissions in the intervention group in comparison with the control group (22.7% and 40.9%, respectively). This reduction of 18. 2% of readmissions evaluated here for a trial of meaningful clinical effect is statistically insignificant (p = 0. 184). The practical significance of the intervention is considered small-to-moderate (Cramer V = 0. 20) suggesting that the observed difference has a potential clinical importance even though the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion: These results imply that the proposed educational intervention might have a positive impact on readmissions;nonetheless, the patient’s characteristics that make him or her capable of readmission cannot be changed and are assessed by the RoR (Risk of Readmission) score. The potential impact of the intervention may be offset, in part, by these baseline risk factors. The study’s power may be limited by sample size, potentially affecting the detection of significant differences. Future studies with larger, multi-center samples and longer follow-up periods are recommended to confirm these findings.
文摘Some French public middle schools offer gifted students the opportunity to pursue their education in general classes,while benefiting from specific facilities within the framework of a dedicated educational program.In this study,we sought to identify and analyze the needs of these students as perceived by the headmaster of each middle school involved.The results highlight two main student needs,common to all these programs(uneasiness and difficulties in peer relationships)as well as needs specifically mentioned by some headmasters(non-adaptive behavior).
文摘This paper adopts the self-designed questionnaire to make investigations and interviews with the rural middle and primary school teachers in Chengdu and Chongqing districts about the professional development problems of western rural teachers, and refers to the educational literature materials in western rural areas. Through a comprehensive analysis, it is known that the professional knowledge status of western rural teachers is worrying, and the reason is mainly caused by the location, policy, economy, society, continuing education and teachers' own factors.
文摘This study investigated the perceptions of English educators and supervisors in Jeddah Governorate regarding the process of teaching English to elementary students.A survey was conducted using a sample size of 94 educators and 10 supervisors.The data indicate that respondents considered English instruction at the elementary level essential for expanding kids’perspectives,improving academic performance,and promoting international involvement.The main advantages cited are the development of English language skills and the promotion of early education.Although not as easily noticeable,the disadvantages include potential negative impacts on an individual’s proficiency in Arabic and their sense of national identification.The highlighted challenges encompass insufficient teacher training,student reluctance towards English,limited resources,and school disparities.The proposed techniques focused on prioritizing English instructors’training,ensuring the use of appropriate content,utilizing technology,and promoting awareness of students and educators.The current research found different obstacles in teaching English at elementary stages.To overcome these obstacles,it will be essential to enhance teacher competencies,develop efficient teaching methods,get the backing of stakeholders,assign adequate resources,and carry out continuous evaluations.Further research can also contribute to a better understanding of how early English learning impacts on Arabic identity and proficiency.
文摘The school placement processes of students from immigrant backgrounds considered to be in“difficulty”is an international concern at the intersection of works relating to special education and those concerning the school experiences of students from immigrant backgrounds or racialized groups.The research problem of this article concerns the identification of these students as disabled or as having adjustment or learning difficulties.From a perspective anchored in Disability Critical Race Studies,this ethnographic study documents different interpretations of perceived difficulties made by school actors with regard to seven primary school students from immigrant backgrounds.Five interpretation types are presented:(1)medicalization by dismissal of cultural markers,(2)medicalization by professional constraint,(3)medicalization by cultural deficit,(4)precautionary wait,and(5)cultural differentialism.Our results help to shed light on the special education overrepresentation phenomenon regarding these students and to understand how ableism and(neo)racism contribute to it.
文摘Pygmalion Effect refers to the expectation from teachers have stimulative effects on students' learning. English educa-tion of junior middle school has its unique nature, and the phenomenon of having trouble in learning English in middle school stu-dents exists generally. So, the key point of this research is how the students use Pygmalion Effect to improve their English Learn-ing.
文摘Ensuring program satisfaction for undergraduate students in the areas of science,technology,engineering and mathematics(STEM)matters in student retention and education quality improvement.This study explores how four rarely examined variables support from faculty members,interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses,disciplinary connectedness of STEM program core courses,and examination difficulty impact Chinese STEM undergraduates’program satisfaction.With data from 619 Chinese STEM undergraduates,structural equation modeling shows that course satisfaction partially mediates the impact of support from faculty members on program satisfaction,while fully mediating that of interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses and disciplinary connectedness of STEM program core courses on program satisfaction.Examination difficulty exerts no significant impact on program satisfaction neither directly nor indirectly.Support from faculty members impact course satisfaction significantly stronger for junior and senior students than for freshmen and sophomores,while interdisciplinary features of STEM program courses impact course satisfaction stronger for freshmen and sophomores than for juniors and seniors.The study ends with practical implications for the higher education reform in relevant areas.
文摘Objective: To determine the perceived difficulties in providing HIV/AIDS services among public health nurses and to identify their correlates, we carried out a cross-sectional study in the Kinki region of western Japan. Methods: Structured self-administered questionnaires were distributed to all public health nurses in the region, and 1535 valid questionnaires were retrieved (valid response rate 78.7%). Results: More than half of the participants (52.8%) reported difficulties with HIV/AIDS services. The factors associated with perceived difficulties were having a negative attitude towards consultations on sexual matters (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.2, p p = 0.002 and AOR 1.8, p p p = 0.016), and low permissiveness of the diversity of sexual behavior (AOR 2.0, p Conclusions: Overall, our results suggest that nursing and public health nursing education in Japan should cover sexual issues and HIV/AIDS in a more systematic way.
文摘The main contents of this paper is a new trend of employment status and employment difficulties of professional sports graduates in Jilin, and analysis on Jilin Physical graduates' Internal Education Causes of employment difficulties ,and how to effectively promote employment of Jilin education and sports undergraduate and graduate and implement measures. In this paper, we use literature, interview survey method, to analyze five professional employment situations of the graduates (physical education major, professional sports training, human movement science, and social sports professional, traditional sports professional). From this perspective of the internal education, employment difficulties of professional sports graduates are these : the concept of employment is a direct factor behind their employment difficulties ; university entrepreneurship education are indirect factors behind Kyrgyzstan employment difficulties ; training model obsolete is the root cause of their difficulties in finding jobs; college enrollment in recent years is its employment difficulties catalyst. This article analyzes the employment situation relating to education, and proposed employment countenueasures which professional sports graduates adapt to, namely: to meet market demand, improve professional structural adjustment; establish the concept of occupation after the first job; establish their own businesses and Multiple Employment Awareness; create a "multi-skilltype" physical training model.
文摘The Shanghai government to help return Shanghai retired educated youth to overcome economic and social life in various difficulties introduced many help policy, but due to historical and realistic reasons, retired to Shanghai social security of the educated youth is always a trouble, it is difficult to get the perfect solution, it seriously affected the Shanghai social harmonious stability. This article attempts through the government-led level of retirement return Shanghai educated youth with all-sides help to solve their difficulties, through to the educated youth to compensate, to set up the educated youth mutual guarantee fund, broken educated youth and children between the problem of intergenerational transmission of retired return Shanghai social security dilemma of educated youth broken, in order to improve their level of social security in Shanghai.
基金Supported by Basic Scientific Research Project on Ideological and Political Theory in Northwest Forestry and Forestry University in 2017(2017RWSZ01)Fine Student Project in Northwest Forestry and Forestry University in 2016(2016JP002)
文摘With the enrollment expansion of college and continuous reform of college education system and college charging system,the number of college students with financial difficulties is increasing. The college students with family financial difficulties not only bear the huge economic burden,but also bear the huge pressure of learning and mental stress,and they have many kinds of psychological problems including psychological distress of tension and anxiety,psychological conflict of self-respect and self-abasement,conflict of desire for interpersonal interaction and self-containment and strong vanity and dependence mentality. This paper puts forward the corresponding recommendations to solve these problems.
基金supported by the National Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Science(Grant No.04BTQ002)
文摘Libraries in China's higher education institutions have been developing in keeping pace with the flourishing development of China's higher education. This article aims to make an introduction to the construction of China's higher education libraries, especially the recent three decades' achievements since China's reform and opening-up in 1978. In this article, the authors draw a general picture of the development of libraries in China's higher education institutions, covering such eight aspects as management, types and positioning,organizational structure and personnel, expenditure and buildings, reader service, building and sharing of resources as well as automation system.
文摘A strongly connotative element of developmental disorders (DS) is the total or partial impairment of verbal communication and, more generally, of social interaction. The method of Vocal-verb self-management (Augev) is a systemic organicistic method able to intervene in problems regarding verbal, spoken and written language development successfully. This study intends to demonstrate that it is possible to objectify these progresses through a spectrographic examination of vocal signals, which detects voice phonetic-acoustic parameters. This survey allows an objective evaluation of how effective an educational-rehabilitation intervention is. This study was performed on a population of 40 subjects (34 males and 6 females) diagnosed with developmental disorders (DS), specifically with a diagnosis of the autism spectrum disorders according to the DSM-5. The 40 subjects were treated in “la Comunicazione” centers, whose headquarters are near Bari, Brindisi and Rome. The results demonstrate a statistical significance in a correlation among the observed variables: supervisory status, attention, general dynamic coordination, understanding and execution of orders, performing simple unshielded rhythmic beats, word rhythm, oral praxies, phono-articulatory praxies, pronunciation of vowels, execution of graphemes, visual perception, acoustic perception, proprioceptive sensitivity, selective attention, short-term memory, segmental coordination, performance of simple rhythmic beatings, word rhythm, voice setting, intonation of sounds within a fifth, vowel pronunciation, consonant pronunciation, graphematic decoding, syllabic decoding, pronunciation of caudate syllables, coding of final syllable consonant, lexical decoding, phoneme-grapheme conversion, homographic grapheme decoding, homogeneous grapheme decoding, graphic stroke.
文摘"Human rights education has, over the past decade, received increasingly great international attention.What merits special mention are those massive activities on-going in various countries to promote it, which constitute a most salient feature of the global human rights cause.
文摘Quality assessment systems for business organisations and also for vocational schools were established in Estonia at the beginning of 2000s. Almost ten years later, corresponding systems were introduced also for higher education institutions (HEIs). All these assessment systems are based on the European Foundation of Quality Management (EFQM) excellence model. The aim of this paper is to analyse benefits, difficulties, and success factors of quality assessment processes in Estonian business organisations, vocational schools, and HEIs. The study is based on the analysis of feedback questionnaire of 404 representatives from participating organisations (HEIs, vocational schools, and business enterprises) and assessors. Our analysis revealed that quality assessment processes including self-assessment reporting had a positive effect on organisation development and it has given the participants certain benefits and new challenges. As a consequence, knowledge about quality management as well as the self-assessment skills has been improved. The main difficulties were connected to limited time resources and with problems to recognize direct benefits of quality assessment. As substantial difficulties, limitations of analytical and report-writing skills were considered. As the biggest success factor, an involvement of managers on different levels decision making was recognized. The analysis revealed that there are a number of similar benefits and difficulties in the quality assessment systems of different organizations.
文摘Adult English Education in China is making a good progress. But in some places, it is developing very unevenly. The author makes use of this paper to find the problems and to analyze the causes, then to make some suggestions on how to solve the problems by characteristics of the adult learners.