The Evolution and Differentiation of Economic Convergence of Resource-based Cities in Northeast China

A key target of the overall strategy implementation for regional development since the 18th Party Congress of China has involved taking measures to narrow regional disparities. This is because resource-based cities' economic development has fallen below general levels due to resource exhaustion and an unbalanced industrial structure, among other factors. Further, an economic gap has long existed between Northeast China's large number of resource-based cities and non-resource-based cities. This article comprehensively studies the economic convergence of Northeast China's resource-based cities and non-resource-based cities from 1996 to 2015 by using a dynamic panel to analyze not only the economic development of different industries and types of cities, but also the main factors that influence economic development. The empirical results demonstrate that economic convergence exists in both resource-based and non-resource-based cities, but the economic gap between them has clearly narrowed since the implementation of a strategy to revitalize the Northeast's old industrial base. Shrinking cities are the fastest to converge, as mature cities are slower and regenerating cities are the slowest; regarding industry structure, the secondary industry dominates the economy in mature and shrinking cities, and the tertiary industry in regenerating cities. The primary stimulus in resource-based cities' economic development involves upgrading the industrial structure and investing in human capital. As China faces a ‘new normal' economy, resource-based cities in Northeast China should restructure the economy and perfect their market system to avoid again widening the economic gap.

Controlling Factors of Organic Nanopore Development: A Case Study on Marine Shale in the Middle and Upper Yangtze Region, South China

The Upper Ordovician Wufeng-Lower Silurian Longmaxi and the Lower Cambrian Qiongzhusi shales are the major targets for shale gas exploration and development in China.Although the two organic-rich shales share similar distribution ranges and thicknesses,they exhibit substantially different exploration and development results.This work analyzed the nanopore structures of the shale reservoirs in this region.Pore development of 51 shale samples collected from various formations and locations was compared using the petromineralogical,geochemical,structural geological and reservoir geological methods.The results indicate that the reservoir space in these shales is dominated by organic pores and the total pore volume of micropores,mesopores,macropores in different tectonic areas and formations show different trends with the increase of TOC.It is suggested that organic pores of shale can be well preserved in areas with simple structure and suitable preservation conditions,and the shale with smaller maximum ancient burial depth and later hydrocarbongeneration-end-time is also more conducive to pore preservation.Organic pore evolution models are established,and they are as follows:①Organic matter pore development stage,②Early stage of organic matter pore destruction,and③late stage of organic matter pore destruction.The areas conducive to pore development are favorable for shale gas development.Research results can effectively guide the optimization and evaluation of favorable areas of shale gas.

STUDY ON URBAN LAND SAVING IN THE ECONOMICDEVELOPED COASTAL REGION OF CHINA

In the initial period of industrialization a great deal of land is needed for Chinese industry development as well as land resource per person of China is much lower than the average value in the world, thus it is necessary to save land in Chinese urban constrUction. This paper mainly discussed the features of urban land use in economic developed coastal cities: one is that the index of urban land per person in middle-small cities was higher than in large cities; another is that urban land has not been used highly and strongly; the third is that the industrial land occupied an irrationally large percentage of whole urban land; the final is that rural enterprises took up a quantity of land. Thereafter, this paper put forward five land-saving measures: first, to adopt the idea of saving land; next, to adjust the land-use structure when redeveloping the old city and alternate some land use when adjusting the industry structure of the city; the third, to develop the system of payment for using land and the management of urban planning; finally to enhance the effective regional plan and the urban landuse plan.

Cassini Growth of Population Between Two Metropolitan Cities——A Case Study of Beijing-Tianjin Region,China

The existing models of population distribution often focus on the region with a single city or even multiple centers, and lack the detailed explorations of the common and special type of urbanization areas with two centers. Taking Beijing-Tianjin region of China, which is a distinct dual-nuclei metropolitan area in the world, as an example and choosing Landsat-5 TM image in 2005, population, etc. as the data, this paper devotes to comprehending and illustrating a model of Cassini growth of population between the two metropolitan cities through the research of spatial population distribution pattern, aided with RS and GIS techniques. Main technical processes include Kriging interpolation of the population data and character simulation of the Cassini ovals. According to the calculation of a/b, a key characteristic index of Cassini growth model, the spatial structures of population distribution were given. When a/b〈 1, it is a curve with two separated loops with a population density more than 3000 persons/km^2. When a/b=1, it is a lemniscate curve with a population density about 3000 persons/km^2. When 1〈a/b〈 √2, it is a dog-bone shaped concave curve with a population density between 500-3000 persons/km^2. When a/b= √2, it is an oblate curve with a population density about 500 persons/km^2. When a/b〉 √2, there is an oval-shaped convex curve with a population density less than 500 persons/km^2. The results show that owing to the combined action and influence of the regional dual-nuclei, the population distribution of Beijing-Tianjin region is in accord with Cassini model significantly. Therefore, there is Cassini growth of population between the two metropolitan cities in Beijing-Tianjin region. In addition, the process of Cassini growth has extraordinarily instructive significance for judging the development stages of the dual-nuclei metropolitan areas.

“印太战略”框架下澳越关系的发展及影响

在“印太战略”框架下,近年来澳越两国关系不断升级,双方合作全面推进,两国尤其强化了在防务安全领域的合作和南海问题上的战略协调。澳大利亚希望借助与越南关系的升级提升地区影响力和彰显中等强国地位;越南则希望在南海问题上获得澳大利亚的支持。澳越关系的深化对南海局势及亚太地区秩序的稳定都将产生一定的影响。在推进两国合作制衡中国的战略盘算和应对所谓“中国威胁”的共识下,澳越两国关系将会继续深化,尤其是海洋安全领域的合作将会是两国关系的主要内容。为了维护南海局势和地区秩序的稳定,中国和东盟国家要相向而行,尽力排除域外国家介入南海争端,构建中国和东盟国家共同主导的南海地区秩序。

环南海区域航空网络空间演化及影响机制研究

环南海地区作为中国“21世纪海上丝绸之路”倡议的起锚之地,厘清其区域的航空连通性及其发育机制对促进各国经贸合作具有重要意义。为此,本文通过构建航空连通性指数并运用优势流和TERGM模型,尝试刻画环南海区域航空网络的空间演化规律并揭示其自组织发育机制。研究发现:①环南海区域内航空枢纽等级体系保持基本恒定性和一定突变性,新加坡、吉隆坡、雅加达、曼谷、马尼拉、中国香港、广州等城市是环南海区域航空联系的关键枢纽。②环南海区域内航空联系稳定于印尼–马来西亚–泰国三角区,并呈现向东部中国沿海城市及菲律宾蔓延态势,轴辐组织呈现出多中心演化态势,遵循区域集聚规律。③在影响机制方面,网络演化主要受到内生结构、城市属性与城际关系的共同作用。闭合三元结构对航空联系具有正向促进作用,非核心城市的航空联系扩张迅速,低等级节点在网络演化过程中愈发呈现主动扩张趋势。经济发展水平、城市规模、制度邻近性、文化邻近性以及合作事件对航空客运均具有正向促进作用,地理距离和冲突事件对航空联系产生负向影响,网络整体呈现稳定发展态势。

中老铁路站区一体化设计

站区作为铁路重要的交通节点和展示窗口,在站城融合发展中具有重要作用。开展站区一体化设计有利于节约土地资源,提高交通接驳效率并创造宜人的城市开放空间。结合中老铁路沿线车站的设计实践,对站区一体化设计进行研究,提出站区一体化设计在站城融合、优化布局、文化融合、以人为本等4个方面策略,以及优化交通组织、在地化设计、营造特色风貌等具体措施,实现站区内部各要素的协调与融合,提高站区的运行效率、改善环境质量、提升城市形象,可为新时期国际铁路工程站区一体化设计提供参考。

长江中游城市群绿色低碳协同发展面临的困境与对策研究

党的“十八大”以来,中国一直致力于推进美丽中国建设,长江中游城市群位于中国经济发展的重要地区,拥有丰富的资源和人口优势,是中国经济增长的重要引擎。现阶段长江中游城市群绿色低碳发展虽然取得了阶段性成果,但仍然面临着诸多挑战,包括国土空间用途管制不到位,能源资源利用效率不高,建成区及其周边地区水土气污染依然严重,农村面源污染较多,生态环境风险隐患较大等。这些问题不仅威胁着人民的健康和生活质量,也对区域可持续发展带来了严峻挑战。为推动长江中游城市群绿色低碳协同发展,实现“双碳”目标和美丽中国建设,本文提出如下对策:建立生态环境协同治理机制,加快绿色低碳技术创新,推动产业结构和能源结构转型,完善资源环境要素市场化配置体系,健全全民环境治理参与机制。

湖南省域副中心城市岳阳对接长江中游城市群发展研究

近年来,湖南省岳阳市积极融入长江经济带发展,对接长江中游城市群国家重点发展战略,不断发挥通江达海优势,奋力打造湖南高质量发展增长极,建设名副其实的省域副中心城市。岳阳具备区位与交通、产业、绿色等发展优势,但亦存在产业结构不优、产业园经济发展不快、开放程度不高等问题。基于此,在多重政策叠加、港口一体化建设、省域区域城市竞争等背景下,岳阳应紧跟国家政策、依托发展规划;强化基础产业,做强优势产业;发挥区域优势,激发开放源泉;明确绿色底线,筑牢生态屏障。

Evolution Assessment of China's Three Mega-City Regions Based on Entire-Array-Polygon Method

Mega-city region is the mainstream of global urban development and also the dominant model of the neo urbanization process in China. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area, Yangtze River Delta area and Pearl River Delta area are China's three largest and most mature mega-city regions, the status of which represents the general level of the urban and regional development in China. Based on entire-array-polygon method, this paper makes a comprehensive evolution assessment of the three mega-city regions in terms of urban population index, urban economy index, urban life index, urban culture index and urban primacy index. In terms of general developing level, the three mega-city regions have progressed to optimize the structure. With their respective advantages and disadvantages, the three mega-city regions initially realize a "diversified" regional layout. The diference and gap among the three mega-city regions are obviously decreasing, which contributes to the regional balance of China metropolitan development. The rankings of the three mega-city regions will be in a continuous adjustment. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area is possible to catch up and take the lead.

“中四角”绿色水资源利用效率时空分异及其影响因素——基于非期望产出SBM-DEA和地理探测器模型

利用非期望产出SBM-DEA模型测度了2010-2019年“中四角”绿色水资源利用效率(GWUE),采用空间自相关及冷热点分析方法探索GWUE的时空分异特征,并运用地理探测器模型深入探寻GWUE空间分异的关键影响因素。结果表明:(1)“中四角”GWUE高效区主要来源武汉城市群,低效区主要来源于环鄱阳湖城市群;各城市的GWUE具有明显的时空差异性,空间自相关性不显著,但空间分布格局由随机分布逐渐向集聚分布演变。(2)2010年经济发展水平和人口密度是影响“中四角”GWUE空间分异的主要因素,2015年经济发展水平和医疗资源占用情况成为GWUE空间分异的主要推动因子,2019年医疗资源占用情况和政府重视程度对GWUE空间分异起决定作用。

Polymorphisms and functions of the aldose reductase gene 5' regulatory region in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

OBJECTIVE: To screen the 5' regulatory region of the aldose reductase (AR) gene for genetic variabilities causing changes in protein expression and affecting the promoter function. METHODS: The screenings were carried out by polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP). All SSCP variants were submitted for DNA sequencing and inserted into the plasmid chloromycetin acetyl transferase (CAT) enhancer vector. The constructs were used to transfect Hela cells, and CAT assays were performed to assess promoter activity. Gel mobility shift and footprinting assays were also performed to determine the interaction between the DNA and nuclear proteins. RESULTS: Two polymorphisms, C (-106) T and C (-12) G, were identified in the regulatory region in 123 Chinese control subjects and 145 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The frequencies of genotypes WT/WT, WT/C (-12) G and WT/C (-106) T were not significantly different between the subjects and patients. In the patients with and without retinopathy, frequencies of WT/C (-106) T were 31.5% and 17.5% (P 0.05) respectively. The total frequency of WT/C (-12) G and WT/C (-106) T in patients with retinopathy was 41.8%, significantly higher than that (20.0%) in patients without retinopathy (P

西南石漠化区林下土壤养分特征及差异性

文章采用文献检索法收集20世纪90年代以来石漠化区植被修复和土壤研究相关论文,以全国二次土壤普查养分分级标准为基础,探讨林下土壤养分改良情况及土壤化学计量特征。结果表明:(1)中国西南石漠化区林下土壤总有机碳、全氮均值均高于全国二次土壤普查养分一等级,全磷处于二级范围,土壤养分改善效果明显,而全钾含量属于五级低钾区;(2)广西壮族自治区总有机碳和全氮均值为五省(区、市)第一,全磷和全钾位于二等级和四等级,土壤养分含量增加最明显;贵州省总有机碳、全氮高于一等级34%和37%,全磷值在二等级范围,全钾值位于第五等级,贵州省石漠化林下土壤养分改良明显;云南省总有机碳、全磷指标分别高于一等级9%、21%,全氮属于二等级,全钾属于五等级,土壤养分指标有不同程度提高;重庆市总有机碳高于一等级1.75%,全氮和全磷属于二等级,全钾为五省中最高且属于四级,土壤养分指标改良较其他三省慢;湖南省总有机碳指标为二等级,全氮、全磷、全钾值分别属于二等级、五等级、五等级,湖南省需加强石漠化治理的力度;(3)西南石漠化区土壤总有机碳和全氮指标呈正相关,植被生长亦受钾元素限制。其中,广西壮族自治区总有机碳、全氮和全磷存储快,土壤改良效益极其显著;贵州省土壤固碳能力高于全国平均值;云南省石漠化地区土壤钾元素偏低,影响植被生长;重庆市土壤中全钾含量高与总有机碳、全氮、全磷关系不大,氮元素成为限制植物生长的元素;湖南省植被生长需补充磷、钾元素。西南石漠化区植被生长应充分补充钾元素,除此之外,湖南、重庆需加强磷、氮元素的补充;云南、湖南、重庆应借鉴广西壮族自治区生态修复经验,加强石漠化生态治理并发挥效益。

清中晚期江南十番与南北戏曲曲艺环流考论

清中晚期是全国戏剧戏曲等艺术形式发生深刻转变的重要时期。兴起于民间、晚明已趋活跃的江南十番得到明清文人诸多描述,呈现出独特的艺术特征,且与戏剧演出有着千丝万缕的关系。江南十番从演出人才、演出曲目到伎艺传承等诸多方面与北京宫廷等演出场域形成南北环流。在戏曲曲艺生态共同体的视角下,对江南及宫廷等南北十番演出情况的考述,深入探考南北曲艺环流下的地方曲艺发展形态,重新审视清代戏曲曲艺生态场域及历史进程,显然具有重要的价值和意义。

中美战略竞争与亚太中等强国的行为选择——以美国“印太战略”升级为契机

随着中美战略竞争态势的加剧,亚太地区的中等强国在多边制度框架中衍生出不同的战略行为与制度方略,以缓解体系压力和应对外部风险。本文构建以枢纽地位和秩序前景为解释变量、以选边风险为调节变量的分析框架,解释亚太中等强国在“印太”安全和经济制度体系中复杂多样的行为模式。从行为选择看,次地区体系中的枢纽地位决定了中等强国的战略自主性与对抗体系压力的能力,嵌套次地区秩序在内的秩序前景在参照依赖效应下框定了其对现有地区秩序的态度,“印太”制度框架中的选边风险则调节了枢纽地位的作用强度。本文以美国“印太战略”升级为契机,通过考察韩国、澳大利亚、越南和印尼四个案例发现,这些国家在枢纽地位与秩序前景的驱动下,在“印太”安全战略中倾向于以隐性对冲规避风险、以显性制衡承担风险、以显性对冲化解风险和以隐性制衡投机风险,而在“印太”经济战略中,各国则依据对秩序前景的判断来实施制度制衡与制度对冲。明确亚太中等强国在中美战略竞争下的行为模式,对于维护中国国家安全与周边地区秩序稳定具有重要现实意义。

“中心—外围”视角下东北地区市域经济韧性及影响因素分析

随着中国经济进入“新常态”,东北地区再陷发展困境,区域经济韧性面临严峻挑战。针对中国市辖县体制的地域型城市,通过比较“中心—外围”的经济韧性关系,更有助于认知东北地区的经济发展问题。本文以东北地区市域中心市区和外围县市作为研究对象,分析2007—2019年东北地区市域中心市区和外围县市的经济韧性水平、类型的时空演变特征,采用地理探测器探究中心市区和外围县市经济韧性的影响因素。结果发现:①东北地区中心市区和外围县市经济韧性水平均变差,且外围县市变化更大。市域经济韧性类型变多且变得更差。②东北地区中心市区和外围县市经济韧性的主要影响因素具有相似性,产业结构、政府管控对经济韧性具有重要影响,劳动力市场和金融环境的影响程度偏弱。③部分影响因素在中心市区和外围县市的作用方向不同,产业结构多样化水平和固定资产投资占GDP比重有助于提升中心市区经济韧性,但对外围县市经济韧性表现为负向作用。

批判性地域主义视角下建筑设计思路比较--以珊纳特塞罗市政厅和中国美术学院象山校区为例

珊纳特赛罗市政厅是芬兰建筑师阿尔瓦·阿尔托的代表作品,他根植于芬兰民族文化,将自然融入现代建筑中,创作富有人情味的地域建筑。中国美术学院象山校区是中国建筑师王澍的设计作品,他通过对中国传统山水的转译,实现了建筑与自然文化的融合。文章从建筑平面形式的表达、空间秩序、建筑与气候等自然要素的关系以及乡土材料的运用四个方面进行阐述,对比分析中西方两位建筑师对批判的地域建筑的不同表达方式。

新时期我国区域空间规划的方法论探讨——以“西部开发重点区域规划前期研究”为例

区域规划是大国进行空间管治不可或缺的层次和手段。随着跨区域性问题越来越突出和进一步市场化后国家宏观调控手段的变化,以新的视野和新的方法开展区域规划在我国已经十分迫切。本文分析了新时期进行区域空间规划需要考虑的因素,包括落实科学发展观、经济全球化和经济体制转型(市场化)等;通过阐述“点—轴系统”理论、全球化下的“城市区域”理论以及“人地关系地域系统”理论,分析了区域空间规划的理论基础;最后根据西部开发重点区域规划前期研究的工作经验,讨论了进行区域空间结构规划的一些具体方法。作者提出,需要把握现阶段我国社会经济发展的核心特征、并考虑有效可行的管治手段,以全球化视野和市场化思维考虑区域发展和规划问题。

中部崛起中的六省旅游联动发展

中部崛起关系我国经济发展的全局,具有重要战略意义。借鉴长三角地区成功发展的启示,中部地区要实现崛起必须在发挥六省各自优势的同时,充分进行区域协作,实行区域联动。在目前六省竞争有余、协作不足的情况下,有必要利用旅游资源丰富、互补性强,旅游产业发展态势良好的有利条件,充分发挥旅游业关联带动作用明显、区域协作性强的产业特质,以旅游业为联动的首选行业,进行协作,实现旅游资源、客源市场共享,域内各级政府与旅游企业间的联动。并以此为范例,带动其他产业的协作与联动,开创六省上下一条心、紧抓机遇共谋崛起的良好局面。

我国东中西部典型城市EKC曲线的阶段判断

在东中西部分别选择两个典型城市,分析环境库兹涅茨(EKC)曲线及其所处的阶段,从污染物排放、产业结构、技术水平、环境保护投资等几个方面,比较分析这些因素对EKC曲线的影响。结果表明:东部地区的两个城市已进入倒"U"型EKC曲线下降阶段;中部地区两个城市处于倒"U"型EKC曲线上升阶段的后期;西部地区两个城市处于倒"U"型EKC曲线的上升阶段。研究结果可为我国实现经济跨越式发展提供参考。