Provenance analysis of surface sediments in the Holocene mud area of the southern coastal waters off Shandong Peninsula,China

The sedimentary record of mud areas is an important carrier of information on the Holocene evolution of marine environments. Based on fine interpretations of the shallow stratigraphic section data, a small mud deposit area has been found in the southern coastal waters off Shandong Peninsula. This mud area is mainly distributed in coastal waters north of Laoshantou to the vicinity of Rushan Estuary. Overall, it is parallel to the coastline and spreads in a banded pattern, gradually thinning from offshore to the sea. The isopach map of depth distribution is parallel with the shoreline, and the depocenter lies in coastal waters of the Aoshan Bay where the maximum thickness is up to 22.5 m. Accelerator mass spectrometry（AMS） ^（14）C dating shows that the mud area was formed in the Holocene. The test data of surface sediments from the mud area, including particle size, mineral characteristics, and rare earth element contents, are used in comparisons with the composition of materials from the major surrounding medium and small rivers flowing into the sea and the Huanghe（Yellow） River. In this paper, the sedimentary characteristics and provenance of the mud deposit area are discussed. The results show that the formation of this mud area resulted from the joint action of the Huanghe River and surrounding rivers flowing into the sea.

The sea/land breeze in the northern coastal area of Shandong Peninsula

In this paper the seasonal variation and structural characteristics of the sea/ land breeze in the northern coastal area of' Shandong Peninsula are studied in two ways: one is the analysis of the observed wind data, and the other is numerical simulation and experiments. Firstly, the hour to hour wind data through the year 1984 at Longkou Meteorological Station and Yantai Oceanographic Station are analysed through energy spectra and hodograph. It is revealed from the analysed results that the effects of the sea/ land breeze in the area are notable in spring, summer and fall, especially in May. However, in winter the effects of sea / land breeze are not obvious. because the cold noitherly is prevailing. Secondly, a two-dimensional non- linear model of primitive equations is used to study the sea / land breeze circulation in May in the area. The results of numerical simulation consist basically with the analysed results of the observed sea / land breeze. A reasonable theoretical structure of the sea / land breeze circulation is displayed, and a new undeerslanding of the developmental mechanism of land breeze circulation in that area is obtained. Lastly, numerical experiments about the effects of large scale wind and temperature fields upon the sea / land breeze circulation are performed.

Kaolin Deposits of Weathering-Residual in the Coastal Area of Guangdong Province

Kaolin deposits of weathering-residual type make up a large proportion in different types of kaolin depos-its and are widely used in ceramics, electron ceramics, rubber and paper industries. This paper discusses sys-tematically this type of kaolin deposit with respect to their features of occurrence, mineralogical and chemicalcomposition and transformation of minerals during supergene processes, thus providing some basic data forthe rational exploitation and utilization of the kaolin resources.

Analysis of Drought Characteristics in the Inland Areas of Shandong Province from 1960 to 2013

Drought is one of the major meteorological disasters affecting the climate in China.In this paper,the interannual variation and seasonal distribution changes of drought at different time scales were analyzed with the standardized precipitation index( SPI) as the drought evaluation criterion to the precipitation data of the 5 meteorological stations of Jinan,Tai'an,Yiyuan,Shen County and Yanzhou from 1960 to 2013.The results showed that:(1) the frequency of drought was low in spring and summer in inland areas of Shandong Province,while autumn had frequent occurrences of moderate drought,and winter had frequent occurrences of heavy and severe droughts.(2) In the 1960 s,1980 s and early 21^(st) century,the number of droughts increased significantly,and the SPI values showed a significant decrease.(3) The 3-month time scale range was wide,during which the frequency of occurrence was high.The trend of SPI changes at the 12-month time scale was affected by the accumulation of antecedent precipitation,and the change was slow.The research results can provide a scientific reference for arid climate analysis and water resources management in agriculture and production in inland areas of Shandong Province.

Mesozoic Volcanic-Intrusive Complexes in the Coastal Area of Southeastern Zhejiang Province: Their Features, Petrogenesis and Distribution Pattern

On the basis of previous studies and by means of field geological, remote sensing, petrographical,mineralogical, petrochemical and geochemical investigations, the authors studied the temporal-spatial distribu-tion of the regional structures, volcanic structures and products of volcanic activity in the coastal area ofsoutheastern Zhejiang. On the basis and through a systematic comparison of the products of magmatism in thearea, it is considered that there exists a compsite volcanic structural belt composed of linear and circular struc-tures and it has been demonstrated that there exist volcanic intrusive complexes--'trinity' composed of vol-canic, subvolcanic and plutonic rocks. It is suggested that the volcanic intrusive complexes in the area belong tothe typical syntexis series and that its materials were derived from a mixed source of crust and mantle.

Analyses and Prediction of the Suitable Culture Period of Laver along the Coastal Areas of Jiangsu Province

[ Objective] The study aimed to analyze and predict the suitable period of laver along the coastal areas of Jiangsu Province. [ Method ] TO enhance the ability of meteorology to service laver culture, using the modern weather forecast technology, agricultural weather prediction was de- veloped according to the demands for meteorological conditions during laver production. [ Result] From south to north, there were certain differ- ences in the suitable periods of laver culture, breeding and harvesting, with slight variations. The forecast of the first and last days of certain water temperature could provide scientific references for the meteorological service of laver culture, and the service effect became better after it was modi- fied with the aid of the medium-term and long-term weather prediction. [ Conclusion] The research can offer theoretical bases for the culture of laver along the coastal areas of Jiangsu Province.

Suitability evaluation of regional coastal ecotourism based on SOM neural network model: a case study of Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai and Rizhao of Shandong Province

Development of coastal ecotourism has been a focus of Shandong government, and the suitability evaluation of regional coastal ecotourism is crucial for the reasonable plan and sustainable development of Shandong coastal ecotourism. By using MATLAB language to establish a SOM neural network model, this paper evaluates the coastal ecotourism suitability of four regions, Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai and Rizhao of Shandong Province and divides 33 subordinate regions of those four cities into four categories, i.e. regions poorly suitable for ecotourism resources, regions highly suitable for coastal ecotourism, regions secondly suitable for coastal ecotourism, regions ordinarily suitable for coastal ecotourism. Related suggestions on development of regional coastal ecotourism have been given in the final conclusions.

RESEARCH ON THE COASTAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY IN CHINA: TAKE SHANDONG PROVINCE AS AN EXAMPLE

Nowadays in China, the coastal development strategy (CDS) aims to make the region (with population 160 million) ahead of developing export-oriented economy and to promote the inland economic prosperity at the same time.The paper analyzes the CDS based on the background of coastal area and the situation at home and abroad, and mainly discusses the relevant tactics in Shandong Province, China.

DYNAMICS OF REGIONAL URBANIZATION IN FUJIAN COASTAL AREA

Since the economic reform in 1978, urban development in China has become much more rapid and the dynamic mechanisms of urbanization more diversified. The 'Bottom Up' strategy becomes as important as, or even more important than, the 'Top Down' strategy as the dynamic mechanisms of regional urbanization. On the basis of major theories of development economics and regional economics, this paper analyzes the major dynamic mechanisms of regional urbanization in coastal area of Fujian Province from 1978 to 1989, and describes quantitatively the territorial differentiation of regional urbanization process under two major dynamic mechanisms using principal componet analysis.

Effects of topography on the sub-tidal circulation in the southwestern Huanghai Sea(Yellow Sea)in summer

A nested circulation model system based on the Princeton ocean model （POM） is set up to simulate the currentmeter data from a bottom-mounted Acoustic Doppler Profiler （ADP） deployed at the 30 m depth in the Lunan（South Shandong Province, China） Trough south of the Shandong Peninsula in the summer of 2008, and to study the dynamics of the circulation in the southwestern Huanghai Sea （Yellow Sea）. The model has reproduced well the observed subtidal current at the mooring site. The results of the model simulation suggest that the bottom topography has strong steering effects on the regional circulation in summer. The model simulation shows that the Subei （North Jiangsu Province, China）coastal current flows north- ward in summer, in contrast to the southeastward current in the center of the Lunan Trough measured by the moored currentmeter. The analyses of the model results suggest that the southeastward current at the mooring site in the Lunan Trough is forced by the westward wind-driven current along the Lunan coast, which meets the northward Subei coastal current at the head of the Haizhou Bay to flow along an offshore path in the southeastward direction in the Lunan Trough. Analysis suggests that the Subei coastal current, the Lunan coastal current, and the circulation in the Lunan Trough are independent current systems con- trolled by different dynamics. Therefore, the current measurements in the Lunan Trough cannot be used to represent the Subei coastal current in general.

Temporal and spatial evolution of surface sediments characteristics in the Dagu River estuary and their dynamic response mechanism

Based on the 39 surface sediment samples collected in the flood season and the dry season in 2012 respectively and the measured hydrological data in October 2012, the sediment grain size characteristics has been analyzed and the response mechanism of surface sediments to estuarine hydrodynamics was revealed by calculating the range of waves and tidal currents. The results show that:(1) The grain size of the surface sediment samples decreased gradually from land to sea in the flood season. The fine sediment was redistributed under marine hydrodynamics in the dry season and the sediments showed coarser tendency ingeneral;(2) tidal current stirring sediment was very obvious in Dagu River estuary area, and wave stirring sediments mainly occurred in the tidal flat area and estuary sand bar area;(3) in the flood season, surface sediment sat the estuary were transported towards south and southeast. In the dry season, surface sediments were transported towards southwest at the north area of Jiaozhou Bay Bridge, and sediments were transported towards northeast area at the south of Jiaozhou Bay Bridge.

基于时空优化模型的PM_(2.5)遥感估测研究

为了获得连续的PM_(2.5)浓度时空分布并提高估算精度,提出了一种新的基于时空因子优化的PM_(2.5)估测模型(SFRF).SFRF模型是时空因子通过卷积特征融合到随机森林算法(RF)体系中,通过集成高分辨率(1km)卫星反演的气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)产品以及气象数据、夜间灯光数据和植被数据构建SFRF模型来进行对2019年的山东省地区PM_(2.5)浓度的准确预测,生成山东省高空间分辨率(1km)的PM_(2.5)浓度.采用十折交叉验证法,评估了SFRF模型的性能,并与BPNN、SVM、XGBoost、RF、PCA-RF模型进行对比.结果表明:SFRF模型验证的决定系数和均方根误差(RMSE)值分别为0.85和8.10µg/m^(3),优于其他模型.SFRF模型可以在日、季、年尺度上以较高的空间分辨率来估测山东省PM_(2.5)浓度.

明代山东海防工程述论

从明朝初年开始,倭寇频频大规模侵扰我国,使沿海地区深受其害。为了抵御倭寇侵扰,明政府在山东沿海陆续设立11个卫、6个守御千户所,并建设了府城、县城、卫城、所城、军寨、墩堡等海防工程,形成了以卫所城池为主体的、防止倭寇入侵和海盗骚扰的完整而严密的海防工程体系。这些海防工程在当时适应了抗倭斗争的需要,是明代山东海防体系的重要基础、重要依托,对抵御倭寇侵扰起到了十分重要的作用。

乡村振兴背景下山东省农村电商物流发展策略研究

我国农村电商物流不断发展壮大,对打赢脱贫攻坚战具有重要的推动作用。在全民推进农村振兴的基础上,农村电商物流的作用主要是挖掘农村的消费力,推动乡村振兴和不断进步。文章基于此背景,分析乡村振兴战略中的新要求,并对目前山东省农村电商物流的具体情况及其所面临的困境展开具体分析。同时,通过问卷调查调研山东省农村居民消费者对农村电商物流的满意程度,从而进一步了解农村电商物流在电商物流发展过程中遇到的问题。最后,结合具体结论,提出山东省农村电商与物流协作发展的想法,并加强改善农村物流的基础设施。

山东莱州湾南岸晚上新世以来(6.8~0.004 Ma)古植被演替与海平面波动

【研究目的】海岸带沉积物中的微体古生物化石保存着丰富的地质环境信息,本文的目的是重建莱州湾南岸晚上新世以来的古植被演替与海平面波动关系。【研究方法】拟通过对HLL01钻孔的孢粉、淡水藻类、海相沟鞭藻、有孔虫内衬等微体古生物化石的分析,恢复和重建莱州湾南岸及其附近地区晚上新世以来的古植被演替与海平面波动。【研究结果】(1)在晚上新世—早更新世阶段(约6.8~1.6 Ma),大量的陆生草本花粉(75.13%)指示研究区的植物群落主要以藜科、蒿属及禾本科为主的草原植被,气候温暖偏干。(2)在早更新世—中更新世阶段(约1.6~0.6 Ma),研究区的植物群落开始由草原向森林草原类型过渡;急剧增加的淡水藻类,则指示研究区可能有大的河流注入,或形成较大规模的湖泊;降水量增加,气候变得湿润。(3)在中更新世—晚全新世阶段(约0.6~0.004Ma),研究区的植物群落已经变成森林草原植被。淡水藻类含量略有降低,指示研究区的河流注入量开始减少,湖泊面积也开始萎缩。同时,海相沟鞭藻和有孔虫内衬等海相化石记录,指示研究区在该阶段出现了较为明显的大规模海侵事件。【结论】莱州湾晚上新世以来发生了3次古植被演替与海平面波动事件。

近50年浙江沿海地区降水变化特征分析

基于1971—2020年浙江沿海地区38个气象站点的逐日降水资料,运用线性倾向估计、滑动平均、Mann-Kendall检验等方法,对该地区近50年的降水变化特征进行了系统分析.结果表明:浙江沿海地区的降水量、极端降水强度及极端降水天数均呈现上升趋势;北部、中部沿海地区的降水量的年代际变化特征均呈现“少→多→少→多”的变化过程,而南部沿海地区则呈现“少→多”的变化过程;突变性检验的地区差异明显,北部沿海地区年降水量的突变现象出现在2013年,中部沿海地区出现在1973年和2012年,而南部沿海地区在20世纪70—80年代存在多个突变点;研究区的极端降水格局主要受热带气旋等因素的影响.该结果可以为浙江沿海地区的防灾减灾、海岸资源管理等提供科学依据和决策参考.

山东省烟草发展型产区土壤种植适宜性评价

为均衡提升山东省烟叶质量整体水平,进一步优化山东省烟草种植布局,本研究采集了济南、青岛和淄博烟区耕层土壤样品共198份,采用模糊数学隶属度函数对土壤理化指标(pH值、有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、氯离子、有效硫和水溶性盐总量)进行评价,并通过主成分分析法确定权重,计算烟草种植适宜性综合评价指数并进行了评价。结果表明,3个市土壤烟草种植适宜性指数范围为0.33~0.87,平均值为0.59。烟草种植较适宜及高适宜样品占比为51.5%,尚适宜性样品占比为36.9%,说明3个市烟草种植具有较大发展潜力。区域间土壤理化指标和烟草种植适宜性存在差异,存在的问题也不同,可针对性采用改良措施,以提升土壤植烟适宜性和烟叶质量。

鲁中南山区侵蚀性降雨及典型作物对坡面产流产沙影响研究

为研究降雨量、降雨历时、降雨强度等降雨因素及典型作物对坡面产流产沙的影响,基于K-均值聚类分析法对山东省泰安市东周小流域2014-2020年77次侵蚀性降雨进行分类,并进一步分析不同降雨类型下不同作物产流产沙特征及对各降雨指标的响应.结果表明:①研究区侵蚀性降雨可以分为Ⅰ型(小雨量、短历时、大雨强)、Ⅱ型(大雨量、长历时、小雨强)、Ⅲ型(中雨量、中历时、小雨强)3类.各降雨频率为67.53%,3.9%,28.57%,占研究期内总降雨量的44.2%,14.02%,41.78%.②各径流小区产流和土壤流失量从大到小依次为大豆、裸地、地瓜、花生,花生和地瓜对径流和泥沙的削减效果相对较好.在Ⅱ型条件下,各小区产流产沙量最大,Ⅲ型次之,Ⅰ型最小;但当Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型雨频率较高时,产流产沙量也较大.③对坡面产流产沙影响最大的因素为降雨量,当作物种类不同时,影响次之的因素有所差别.径流对降雨因素的响应程度高于土壤流失量,控制产流发生可在一定程度上有效降低土壤流失量.

高速公路服务区规划发展特征及优化策略——以山东省为例

高速公路服务区是满足公众出行品质需求的关键环节。文章将山东省高速公路服务区的规划与发展历程划分为四个阶段,分析了每个阶段的发展建设特征及规律,论述了当前服务区存在的宏观与微观问题,提出了面向新时代山东省高速服务区规划建设的优化策略。

基于模糊推理的山东省沿黄农业适水评价

为研究山东省沿黄地区农业适水发展情况,从水资源承载力—农业用水水平—水资源与农业协调性三个方面构建了山东省沿黄农业适水评价体系,采用模糊推理评价模型定量分析研究区现状年农业适水状况和2013~2021年农业适水能力动态变化,并提出短期最佳提升方向。结果表明,研究区农业适水评价得分为46.64,其中大部分城市处于勉强适水和轻度不适水状态,仅有济南、滨州为Ⅱ级良好适水;水资源承载力是农业适水发展的主要制约因素,增加水资源承载力是提升研究区及济南、淄博、聊城、滨州、济宁等市的农业适水能力的最优方向;2013~2021年农业适水指数呈现曲折上升趋势,整体农业适水水平向好的趋势发展。