Human Systems Therapy:Use of Interpersonal Relations in Promoting Therapeutic Change

The aim of this work is to present the central role of interpersonal relations in Human Systems Therapy(HST).Psychotherapies can be classified as(a)down-top therapies,such as individual therapies following reductionism,namely influencing the whole(behavior)through the intra-psychic parts,(b)top-down or holistic therapies,such as family therapies influencing the parts(individuals)through the whole family,and(c)the combination of down-top and top-down.Emotionally Focused Therapy(EFT)and Multisystemic Therapy(MST)act on two levels that influence each other,namely the individuals and their relations.This is also applied,more or less,on relational and interpersonal therapies.When there is an intervention in two interacting parts or levels,then the result of the intervention is more than additive and more effective.When the levels are more than two,then the effectiveness is expected to be even higher.This is the case of Human Systems Therapy(HST),which is applied intrapsychically,on interpersonal relations and on family and/or larger systems,with interpersonal relations having a central role.HST is based on general systems principles and it constitutes a multilevel approach:(a)a definition of a human system,(b)epistemology,(c)a model of human systems personality/intelligence,(d)an increase in order and variety.Besides,HST includes a large number of techniques.Empirical support of HST effectiveness shows that(a)after seven sessions with schizophrenics,39%of psychotic symptoms are reduced,(b)after eight sessions with hashish adolescent users,all users stop the use completely,and(c)9 out of 11 psychiatric non-psychotic cases(81%),after four sessions,become non-psychiatric ones(treated).

Estimation of peak relative velocity and peak absolute acceleration of linear SDOF systems

We have found some mistakes in the article by Jianwei Song et al. （2007）. The revisions are given below：

Nonlinear magnitude frequency relation and two types of seismicity systems

nonlinear magnitude frequency equation has been derived in this paper on the assumption that all seismicity systems hold fractal characteristics, and according to the differences of relevant coefficients in the equation, seis-micity systems are classified into two types: type I, the whole earthquake activity is controlled by only one great unified system; type II, the whole earthquake activity is controlled by more than one great system. One type of seismicity system may convert to the other type, generally. For example, a type I system will change to a type II system prior to the occurrence of a strong earthquake in North China. This change can be regarded as an index for earthquake trend estimation. In addition, the difference between b value in nonlinear magnitude frequency equation and that in linear equation and the term dΔM related to the coefficients of nonlinear terms obtained in this paper are proved to be a pair of available parameters for medium short term earthquake prediction.

Attribute Reduction in Decision Systems Based on Relation Matrix

This paper proposes,from the viewpoint of relation matrix,a new algorithm of attribute reduction for decision systems.Two new and relative reasonable indices are first defined to measure significance of the attributes in decision systems and then a heuristic algorithm of attribute reduction is formulated.Moreover,the time complexity of the algorithm is analyzed and it is proved to be complete.Some numerical experiments are also conducted to access the performance of the presented algorithm and the results demonstrate that it is not only effective but also efficient.

Industrial Structural Changes in Hong Kong,China under One Country,Two Systems Framework

Hong Kong has undergone substantial economic transformations and developed into a sophisticated busi- ness and financial center in the Asia-Pacific region, since the return of sovereignty to China as a Special Administrative Region under the One Country Two Systems （OCTS） in 1997. This paper discusses and analyzes the industrial struc- tural changes of Hong Kong in recent decades as well as its future challenges and opportunities, The data and finding reveal that even though Hong Kong will face fierce competition from the Mainland＇s cities as the rise of China, the important role as a bridge between China and the rest of the world wilt brace Hong Kong itself under the OCTS for developing into a service hub for business and trade in the Asia-Pacific region.

The Impact of Systemic Factors on Iran-Gulf Arab Relations

Since the Persian Gulf Arab states became independent in the 1960s and the 1970s,their relations with Iran have been mostly fraught.In particular,since the 1979 Islamic Revolution in Iran,relations with the Persian Gulf Arab states have deteriorated.Demographic and geographic imbalances,often clashing ideologies and world views,diverging security interest,competition for regional influence,plus ethnic and sectarian differences between Iran and the Arabs,have been responsible for the fraught state of Iran-Gulf Arab relations.However,systemic factors both at international and regional levels,have also deeply affected these relations.At the regional level,the Israel factor and the evolving nature of intra-Arab politics have been especially significant.At the international level,the character of the international political system,especially the balance of power among its key actors,plus the policies of the major international players have had the greatest impact.This pattern is likely to continue in future as well.

Arab Countries' Reform and Development of China-Arab Relations

For a nation state, social, political, and economic reform is a common phenomenon as it helps promote development of a country and progress of a nation. In today’s world, where the international situation is undergoing profound changes and economic globalization is forging fast ahead, it has become a trend of the times and natural tendency of history for a

Strengthening Weak Healthcare Systems for Maternal and Neonatal Care in Low and Middle Income Countries: The Missing Link

Introduction: Preventable maternal and newborn mortalities still occur in local communities in Kenya since access to maternal and newborn healthcare services remains a big challenge. Barriers to access in resource-constrained settings have not been examined adequately in literature. The World Health Organization (WHO) has 6 building blocks for strengthening healthcare systems that informed this study. This paper examines how user-side and institutional factors influence access and use of Maternal and Newborn Healthcare (MNH) Services in Matayos sub-County-Busia County. Methods: A mixed method approach, with an ethnographic inquiry and a descriptive cross-sectional design, was adopted to assess access to MNH services in Matayos-Busia County, Western Kenya. Postpartum women who had delivered within the previous 12 months and health care providers in the study area were recruited as respondents. A total of 348 postpartum women were selected through stratified systematic random sampling for the survey. Purposive sampling was used to select postpartum women, conventional and traditional health care providers for 16 in-depth interviews and 7 focus group discussions. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative data analysis was done thematically. Results: Institutional delivery was low at 68% and family planning at 75% although demand for services was high at 99%. User-side barriers to access included shared beliefs and practices in the community;high direct transport costs from home;and high costs for missing drugs and other supplies in hospitals. Middle (5th-7th) order deliveries occurred at home with traditional birth attendants. The choice of place of delivery in households was influenced by spouses to respondents and communities of residence where respondents lived or were married. All 6 WHO health system building blocks were weak in Matayos sub-County and needed system-wide strengthening involving all pillars. The user-community voice alone was insufficient and the 7th pillar for user-community engagement was absent. The underlying factors were weak governance and underfunding for healthcare. Conclusion: The six WHO building blocks were inadequate due to weak governance and inadequate funding. User-community engagement, the 7th Pillar, was absent in these resource-limited settings. We recommend user-community empowerment, engagement and participation, adoption of a system thinking approach and adequate funding.

Relations Between China and Central Asian Countries Face Opportunity of All-Round Development

Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and its western neighbors - the Central Asian countries, the friendly and good-neighborly relationship between the two sides has kept a sound momentum of development. China’s policy of creating an amicable, secure and

Taiwan Solution:One Country,Two Systems

ZENG Jianhui, spokesman of the Third Session of the Ninth National People’s Congress (NPC), acknowledged on March 4 that the Taiwan Question was widely discussed at the Third Session of the Ninth NPC and the Ninth Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). Following the return of Hong Kong and Macao, the Taiwan Question has been becoming an increasingly closely watched process.

Medical Diagnosis Expert System for Malaria and Related Diseases for Developing Countries

There is a strong need for cost-effective technologies to manage disease processes and thus reduce morbidity and mortality in the developing countries. Yet bringing intelligent healthcare informatics to bear on the dual problems of reducing healthcare costs and improving quality and outcomes is a challenge even in countries with a reasonably developed technology infrastructure. This paper focused at how appropriate an ap-plication of Medical Diagnosis Expert System (MDES) is to manage diseases in developing countries. MDES is usually designed to enable clinicians to identify diseases and describe methods of treatment to be carried out taking into account the user capability. The MDES described here is implemented using the C Language Integrated Production System (CLIPS). The CLIPS is an expert system, which has a shell composed of four modules: the user interface, the explanation system, the inference engine and the knowledge base editor. In the system, a number of patient cases will be selected as prototypes and stored in a separate database. The knowledge is acquired from literature review, human experts and the internet of the specific domain and is used as a base for analysis, diagnosis and recommendations.

On Granularity in Information Systems Based on Binary Relation

In this paper, some important issues of granularity are discussed mainly in information systems (ISs) based on binary relation. Firstly, the vector representation method of knowledge granules is proposed in an infor-mation system based on binary relation to eliminate limitations of set representation method. Secondly, operators among knowledge granularity are introduced and some important properties of them are studied carefully. Thirdly, distance between two knowledge granules is established and granular space is constructed based on it. Fourthly, axiomatic definition of knowledge granularity is investigated, and one can find that some existed knowledge granularities are special cases under the definition. In addition, as an application of knowledge granular space, an example is employed to validate some results in our work.

Application of Linear Thermodynamics to the Atmospheric System.Part Ⅱ: Exemplification of Linear Phenomenological Relations in the Atmospheric System

The linear phenomenological relations in the atmospheric boundary layer are proved indirectly using observational facts to combine linear thermodynamic theory and similarity theory in the boundary layer. Furthermore, it is proved that Ihe turbulent transport coefficients are in proportion to Ihe corresponding linear phenomenological coefficients. But the experimental facts show that the linear phenomenological relations are not (tenable in the atmospheric mixing layer because the turbulenl transport process is an intense non-linear process in the mixing layer. Hence the convection boundary layer is a thermodynamic stale in a non-linear region far from the equilibrium state. The geostrophic wind is a special cross-coupling phenomenon between the dynamic process and the thermodynamic process in the atmospheric system. It is a practical exemplification of a cross-coupling phenomenon in the atmospheric system.

Causal Relation Analysis of Economic Systems and the improvement of Syetem Dynamis(1)(2)

The Causal relation and whole-part relation are the two fundamen-tal relations in economics.In this paper,on the basis of economic prob-lems analysis in practioce,some causal relation structures of economic sys-tems and fundamental rules for operations research are,at first,prop-osed.And then,a quotienting(simplifying)analysis approach of eco-nomic causal relations is presented and discussed in detail.At last,animprovement framework of system dynamics is proposed based on theviewpoint of generalized causal relations analysis.

Transformations and phase relations in Nb-Ti-Si ternary system at 1373～1473K

The isothermal sections of the Nb Ti Si ternary system at 1?473?K and 1?373?K were determined by means of diffusion triple technique and electron microprobe analysis. By analyzing the diffusion layers in the diffusion couples, the titanium silicides and niobium silicides forming in this system were identified. The results show that no ternary compounds formed in the Nb Ti Si ternary system at the test temperatures. The phase transformations occurring on cooling from 1?473?K to 1?373?K were discussed.

Effective temperature and fluctuation-dissipation theorem in athermal granular systems:A review

The definition and the previous measurements of a dynamics-relevant temperature-like quantity in granular media are reviewed for slow and fast particle systems. Especially, the validity of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem in such an athermal system is explored. Experimental evidences for the fluctuation-dissipation theorem relevant effect temperature support the athermal statistical mechanics, which has been widely explored in recent years by physicists. Difficulties encountered in defining temperature or establishing thermodynamics or statistical mechanics in non-equilibrium situations are discussed.