Current Situations and Problems of Logistics for Guangxi Fresh Agricultural Products in the New Period and Recommendations

In recent years,Guangxi realized consecutive bumper harvests in fresh agricultural products,leading increase of logistics demand;logistics infrastructure begins to take shape,and logistics of fresh agricultural products takes on diversified development form with wholesale market as main form. However,traditional fresh agricultural products are not selling well and it lacks construction of supply chain; the construction of logistics information system for fresh agricultural products lags behind; organizational level of production and operation of fresh agricultural products is low. Through analyzing current situations and existing problems of logistics of Guangxi fresh agricultural products in the new period( 21 st century),this paper came up with recommendations for developing logistics of fresh agricultural products of Guangxi. Government should increase policy and financial support,build and manage supply chain of fresh agricultural products,accelerate construction of logistics information system for agricultural products,and improve organizational level of logistics of fresh agricultural products,to ensure healthy development of logistics of fresh agricultural products in Guangxi.

Current Situation and Development Proposals of Agricultural Facilities(Planting)Application in Beijing

Facility agriculture is an essential carrier for promoting stable production and supply.In2020,the planting area of facility agriculture in Beijing(290098000 m2)accounted for 29.06%of the total planting area of crops(998078000 m2),and the output value accounted for 46.56%.In2022,Beijing Agricultural Technology Extension Station organized relevant departments to summarize and evaluate the agricultural facilities in Beijing through consultation materials,interviews,questionnaires,and field trips,combining survey data and statistical data to draw the following conclusions.Facilities play a major supporting role in stabilizing production and ensuring supply.The number of traditional greenhouses is extensive and covers a large area,so special planning and classification upgrades are urgently needed.Facilities are rich in scientific and technological resources,but the mode of production is out of date.It is of great significance to improve the comprehensive production capacity of facility agriculture and promote the healthy and stable development of facility industry in Beijing to increase the utilization rate of facility agriculture land,strengthen the support of facility science and technology,and cultivate the socialized service organization of facility.

Using Quantile Regression Approach to Analyze Price Movements of Agricultural Products in China

This paper studies how the price movements of pork,chicken and egg respond to those of related cost factors in short terms in Chinese market.We employ a linear quantile approach not only to explore potential data heteroscedasticity but also to generate confidence bands for the purpose of price stability study.We then evaluate our models by comparing the prediction intervals generated from the quantile regression models with in-sample and out-of-sample forecasts.Using monthly data from January 2000 to October 2010,we observed these findings：（i） the price changes of cost factors asymmetrically and unequally influence those of the livestock across different quantiles;（ii） the performance of our models is robust and consistent for both in-sample and out-of-sample forecasts;（iii） the confidence intervals generated from 0.05th and 0.95th quantile regression models are good methods to forecast livestock price fluctuation.

An Analysis of Current Energy Consumption in China's Agricultural Production

Energy consumption is one of the important symbols of modern agriculture,and it is also an important input in modern agricultural production. The study on the agricultural energy consumption not only has a positive significance to agricultural energy saving,emission reduction and ecological environment protection,but also can greatly reduce the cost of agricultural production and improve the economic benefit of farmers. Through the analysis of the national statistical data about energy consumption for agriculture production from 2005 to 2012 year,the results show that the amount of energy consumption for agricultural production in China has increased year by year since 2005. Because of the continued growth of the total energy consumption in China,the proportion of energy consumption for agricultural production to the total energy consumption of China has declined slightly since 2005. At present,the energy consumption structure for agricultural production in China is diesel fuel,coal,electric power,gasoline,and indirect energy consumption. With the rapid development of the agricultural technology in recent years,the total agricultural output value in China has increased greatly,the direct and indirect agricultural energy consumption per unit of agricultural output value in China has decreased year by year,and the efficiency of energy consumption for agricultural production has increased consequently.

Current Situation and Approaches Relating to Construction of Agricultural Production and Operation Development Capacity for Rural Households in Hubei Province

The main body of household operation in the rural household contract responsibility system of our country has developed to the present stage,and has formed the situation that three kinds of rural households coexist,namely,ordinary rural households,major professional households and family farms. The agricultural production and operation of three kinds of household plays an important role in supporting the rapid development of modern agriculture in China. Under the new situation of deepening the rural reform and realizing the goal of well-off society in an all-round way,it is of great practical significance to make a thorough investigation and study on the present situation and approaches relating to the construction of the agricultural production and operation capacity for the three kinds of rural households.

Linear Panel Data and Farming Cash Flow Analyses to Assess the Causes of Deforestation in the Upper Guinean Forest: Data and Evidence from the Prefectures of the Central Region in Togo

We present a careful quantitative description of land use in central Togo, by constructing farm budgets and analyzing time series data on agricultural production in four prefectures over the time period from 1996 to 2015. One key finding is that higher prices for chemical inputs are associated with more deforestation (as proxied by area in yam production), and correspondingly, greater quantities of chemical inputs applied are associated with less deforestation. This confirms that chemical fertilizers and forest clearing are substitutes and suggests that one path to reducing deforestation is to increase agricultural productivity, and to provide farmer with agricultural risk assistance that covers the farming negative externality costs. This risk assistance may include the coverage for the environmental deterioration costs, and the subsidies to compensate for investments’ cost.

贸易自由化与中国出口农产品质量:基于双边贸易成本的研究

出口农产品质量直接关系农产品出口的长远发展。基于双边贸易成本的视角,利用中国与127个贸易伙伴847种农产品的数据,运用回归反推法测算了中国出口农产品的质量水平,并从理论和实证两个方面分析了贸易自由化对中国出口农产品质量的影响。研究发现,样本期间,中国出口农产品质量呈波动上升趋势,且贸易自由化总体上可显著促进中国出口农产品质量的提高,但对出口到不同收入组国家农产品质量的影响存在显著差异。具体而言,贸易自由化对中国出口到埃塞俄比亚等低收入组国家农产品质量的促进作用最为显著,对出口到孟加拉等中等偏低收入组和日本高收入组国家农产品质量的促进作用次之,对出口到印度尼西亚等中等偏高收入组国家的农产品质量反而具有阻碍作用。

结合“农产品深加工技术实训”课程浅析我国农产品深加工技术

农产品深加工技术是推动农业生产的关键问题。结合“农产品深加工技术实训”课程,对目前我国农产品深加工面临的问题和加工技术进行简单解析,为农产品深加工技术提供理论基础。

生产标准化与农业规模生产的范围选择

农业规模化经营是我国实现农业现代化的重要途径,而规模化生产过程中雇佣劳动力的监督问题,使得规模化经营者在选择雇佣经营或外包经营时常常陷入两难境地。在监督困境不可避免且当下规模化经营势在必行之时,经营者可以将雇佣劳动力的监督成本视为其经营成本的一部分,通过对比成本创新与质量创新的成本收益,进行农业规模生产的范围选择。在成本-质量创新的双目标任务下,生产单位受农作物标准化生产程度的影响,标准化程度较高时,经营者有成本创新的偏好,其生产呈现出规模效应;反之,经营者更愿意追求质量创新,将生产范围缩小到农户家庭等较小的生产单位中去。

劳动力成本上升、要素替代与农业全要素生产率

随着中国城市化和工业化的推进,农业劳动力大量转移,为经济持续增长提供了重要动力。然而,劳动力成本上升对农业全要素生产率可能造成负面影响,尤其是对于机械难以替代劳动力的地区和作物,其负面影响更大。本文基于1993-2015年中国2463个县的非平衡面板数据进行实证研究,结果表明:劳动力成本上升对中国农业全要素生产率有显著的负面影响。为了刻画要素替代,特别是机械替代劳动力的作用,本文探究不同坡度和不同作物的影响。研究发现,一方面,耕地中坡耕地比例高的地区,机械更难替代劳动力,劳动力成本上升对农业全要素生产率的负面影响更大。另一方面,与粮食作物相比,经济作物生产中机械更难替代劳动力,因此劳动力成本上升将导致种植结构的趋粮化,考虑到经济作物相对高效,这会导致总体农业全要素生产率的下降。

数字经济提高生鲜农产品绿色物流效率了吗?——基于交易成本的考察

数字经济逐渐成为平衡交易成本和物流效率关系的新型载体和重要途径。运用2009—2020年中国30个省级面板数据,实证检验数字经济对生鲜农产品绿色物流效率的影响及交易成本在其中的调节效应。研究表明,数字经济对生鲜农产品绿色物流效率呈现出“U型”非线性关系。同时,交易成本负向调节数字经济对生鲜农产品绿色物流效率的影响,其中制度性交易成本的负向调节作用显著,市场交易成本的负向调节作用不显著。进一步研究表明,我国生鲜农产品绿色物流效率存在显著的时间“滚雪球”效应和空间“促增”效应,城镇化水平和人口密度显著正向提升了地方生鲜农产品绿色物流效率,但人均收入水平、交通基础设施和产业结构的影响尚不显著。

广西乐业县农产品加工业发展现状及建议

百色市乐业县农产品加工产业的发展情况说明,农产品加工依然是该县农业经济发展的薄弱环节,农产品加工尚未形成完整的体系,存在品牌意识薄弱,家庭式小作坊产品多;加工业投入力度不够,产业发展缓慢;科技创新能力弱,人才资源严重缺乏;农产品加工企业较少,资源开发利用程度低等问题。为推动乐业县农产品加工业高质量发展,建议结合乐业县本地实际,强化市场引导,打造特色农产品品牌优势;强化扶持,推动产业发展;加大科技投入,发挥科技支撑作用;加强人才队伍建设,激活人才动能;建立农产品加工产业集群,优化产业发展,以期推动乐业县农产品精深加工产业高质量发展,增加当地农产品附加值,促进农业高质量发展,提高农民的收入,促进农业农村经济发展。调研结果可为进一步推动乐业县特色农产品精深加工业高质量发展提供建议与对策。

食用农产品质量安全快速检测技术现状及发展对策

食品安全是人民群众对美好生活的最基本需要。食用农产品作为食品中的大类,其安全问题是公众关注的焦点。本文以山东省J市为研究对象,首先,借助市场监管系统食品安全抽检平台,查询J市近两年食用农产品抽检结果,快速识别食用农产品安全风险因子;其次,对J市开展食用农产品快速检测工作的单位进行调研,掌握快速检测技术应用现状,深入剖析J市食用农产品快速检测工作的不足和潜在的问题;最后,追踪国内外食用农产品质量安全快速检测新技术以及新型材料的应用,提出提升J市食用农产品快速检测水平的对策,助力行业监管。

浅谈我国农产品农药残留现状

随着我国农业的发展,部分农户在生产农产品时,可能过分追求产量,容易忽略农产品的安全,在种植中存在违规使用禁用、限用农药,或者过量使用农药等问题,导致农产品的药物残留过多,直接影响农产品的安全。本文对我国农产品农药残留的危害、管控现状、残留原因以及应对措施进行分析,以供参考。

新零售环境下基于渠道迁徙行为的农产品供应链决策优化

有别于大众化消费普遍从线下转移到线上的迁徙路径,个体异质且存在时鲜易腐的农产品消费不仅存在线下至线上的迁徙,同时不乏线上至线下的转移,农产品消费的渠道迁徙路径更加的灵活多元。基于此,分别构建传统环境、新零售环境基于渠道迁徙行为和新零售环境基于成本共担契约的农产品供应链决策模型,计算三种情形下零售商的最优订购量及最优利润水平,并进行了模型对比分析。研究表明,适当的成本共担契约能够在存在消费者渠道迁徙行为时激励提升农产品供应链的服务水平,促进提高农产品订购量并增加供应链主体的收益。

乡村振兴背景下农业生产成本分析及对策研究--以烟台市牟平区为例

近年来,在国民经济发展过程中,如何促进乡村振兴、推动农业发展,一直是学术界讨论的重要话题。而随着农业经济的不断发展,农业市场的发展也趋向多元化、现代化。农业经济的发展促进社会进步,对农业生产成本的控制对于提高农业生产效率乃至促进相关行业的发展增效都有重要作用。牟平区作为烟台市主要的农业生产区,其生产成本的分析具有代表性。该文通过对烟台牟平区部分农户及合作社进行实地调研,以牟平区农业的生产成本为研究对象,从劳动力因素、环境因素、基础设施因素及其他影响农业生产成本的因素进行分析,并从发展新型农业合作社、组件农贸市场、发展特色农业,以及发展农业科技4个角度提出对策建议,以推动牟平区农民农业生产成本的下降和生产效益的提高,进而促进农业产业快速健康发展。

浙北山地桃树不同树形对产量、品质和成本的影响

桃树是浙北山地地区主栽的经济性果树树种,而树形的选择对于桃树产量、品质以及经济效益的提升有着重要意义。本试验通过选择传统的三主枝自然开心形(开心形)和主干形的两种树形进行比较试验,以期为山地地区选择树形提供依据。结果表明,采摘时期主干形桃树早于开心形8 d,产量上主干形桃树投产快,第三年产量即高出开心形桃树60.6%;可溶性固形物含量方面,主干形桃树高于开心形,但是开心形果实较为鲜艳;从成本上,修剪成本开心形桃树是主干形的1.95倍,而田间管理费用开心形桃树是主干形桃树的2.48倍,山地条件下主干形行距宽适合小型机械使用。