Study on the Influencing Factors of Land Transfer Price in the Context of Rural Land Reform

Agricultural land is the key to large-scale agricultural management,and the transfer price is the key to the success or failure of land transfer. At present,there are many problems in the pricing of rural land transfer in China,such as low price,random pricing,and large price difference,which seriously hinder the development of rural land transfer. Drawing lessons from the research results of domestic and foreign scholars,combined with the actual situation of rural land transfer in China,this paper analyzes the influencing factors of land transfer price in the context of rural land reform. Finally,according to the influence of different factors on the behavior of agricultural land transfer,this paper proposes establishing and perfecting the evaluation system of contracted land,perfecting the evaluation institution of transferred land assets and establishing a unified dynamic monitoring system of land transfer price in the whole country,and then driving the broad masses of farmers to get rich together,which is of great significance to achieving the revitalization of China’s rural areas.

Analysis of the Impact of Rural Land Transfer on Farmers' Income:A Case Study of Farmers in Zaozhuang City

Based on the survey of household data in Zaozhuang City,Shandong Province,this paper empirically demonstrates the effect of the rural land transfer system on the income and income structure of farmers. The studies have shown that the rural land transfer system reform has positive influence on income structure,wage income and property income of farmers. However,from the field survey,it is concluded that the organization effect and mortgage effect of the rural land transfer system reform are not significant.

Research Status of Land Transfer under the Background of Rural Revitalization

Land has always been an indispensable element in farmers’ production activities,and it is the root of farmers’ survival. Under the background of rural revitalization,land transfer has become an important means of boosting rural revitalization. In the process of implementing the rural revitalization strategy,how to effectively solve the problems in rural land transfer,such as fragmentation,decentralization,low utilization rate,breach of contracts and difficult financing,is an important aspect of promoting rural modernization. In this paper,the literature on land transfer at home and abroad is sorted out,the current research status and the problems of land transfer under the background of rural revitalization are summarized and consolidated,and corresponding solutions and prospects are put forward. This is of practical significance to further study the land transfer under the background of rural revitalization in China.

Brief Analysis on Institution of Rural Collective Construction Land Transfer

From the viewpoint of strengthening the government management and control of rural collective construction land transfer,this paper gives relevant definitions and puts forward institution and policy of construction land for township enterprises and rural housing land. It is expected to provide institutional guarantee for standardizing the market order of rural collective construction land use right transfer.

The Major Problems and the Governmental Role in Chinese Rural Land Transfer

On the basis of clarifying and defining rural land transfer, the necessity of rural land transfer is analyzed. Land transfer is the necessity in terms of promoting agricultural scale operation and improving production efficiency; proving opportunities for narrowing urban and rural gap; realizing rural surplus labor transfer and facilitating urbanization. Major problems in the existing rural land transfer are analyzed:unclear laws and regulations and rural land transfer lacks relevant legal protection;rural social security system is imperfect and can not solve farmers' worries after land transfer; farmers and local governments are restricted by traditional ideas and it is hard to carry out the land transfer policies; rural system construction is relatively backward and the rural land transfer market is immature. Countermeasures on the governmental behaviors in rural land transfer are put forward: stipulating relevant administrative laws and regulations and perfecting the political system of rural land transfer; perfecting rural social security system and solving farmers' worries after land transfer; changing the ideas and working style of local officials and leading farmers to form the scientific land transfer outlook;and vigorously promoting the construction of system and positively cultivating rural land transfer market.

Impact of Labor Transfer on Agricultural Land Use Conversion at Rural Household Level Based on Logit Model

Since land and labor force are primary resources to be used and controlled by rural households, the allocation of labor forces will influence land uses, and further lead to land use conversion. The present study used the Binary Logit model to investigate the influence of labor force transfer, characteristics of rural households, location, and land market on agricultural land use conversion at rural household level. This study was conducted based on 329 valid questionnaires, which were obtained in Changshu, Rudong, and Tongshan counties, respectively representing the southern, middle and northern areas of Jiangsu Province. The results showed that land market participation, location, zonal difference and labor transfer had strong influences on agricultural land use conversion. The participation of land market had a strong positive effect on land use conversion, especially for the farmland converted to the fishpond. The nearer to the county seat, the more conversion of land use occurred. Particularly, the labor force transfer caused by wage employment decreased this conversion probability, while the labor transfer caused by self-employment led to more conversion; and the increasing of income from labor transfer increased the conversion. Moreover, land use con- versions demonstrated zonal difference, which were more in Rudong and Changshu counties than in Tongshan County, and the factors influencing this conversion were different in the three regions.

Path Choice of Rural Land Transfer in China

Establishing rural land collective property right system with clear ownership,complete powers and functions,smooth transfer,and strict protection is the basic guarantee to the equal exchange of land elements. In this study,the reform of relevant legal systems to China's rural land transfer was introduced firstly,and then the guiding ideology of China's rural land transfer was proposed. Finally,the ways of practicing rural land transfer in China were discussed. Based on the premise of insisting on and improving the strictest land preservation system,farmers should have the right to occupy,use,and transfer their contracted land,and they can transfer their land contracting and management right in ways of exchange,subcontracting,renting,stock cooperation,and trust. Exploring the ways of equal exchange of land elements according to local conditions is an important political and economic issue concerning the livelihood and development of farmers in China,so it should be conducted under the guidance of the correct ideas to integrate scattered land in China's rural areas,develop moderate-scale management,shorten the income gap between urban and rural areas,and realize balancing development of urban and rural areas in China.

A Summary of Research on the Realization Process of "Separation of Three Rights" of Rural Land

In order to comply with the needs of rural social and economic development,promote new industrialization,informatization,urbanization and agricultural modernization,and realize industrial transformation,the central government clearly puts forward that the traditional ' separation of two rights' mode of rural land( collectives have ownership and farmers have contracting management right) should be transformed into the ' separation of three rights' mode( collectives have ownership,farmers have contracting right,and operators have management right) to solve the problems of farmers’ financing difficulties and agricultural land abandonment,promote the moderate scale operation of agriculture,and improve land use efficiency. It is found that the following points should be noted in the later stage of realizing the ' separation of three rights' of rural land. Firstly,the transfer of farmland management right in the process of realizing the ' separation of three rights' faces market risk,system design flaws,policy coordination failures and other problems. Secondly,the impact of implementation of ' separation of three rights' on rural and social development should also be noted.

On the Government's Responsibility in China's Rural Land Transfer

There is an urgent need for China's rural land transfer in order to develop modern agriculture,ensure food security,transfer rural population,and accelerate industrialization and urbanization.At present,there is still disordered transfer of rural land in China,making the interests of the transferors and transferees difficult to be effectively guaranteed;there is inefficient transfer,leading to decline in actual agricultural production level after transfer;there is jobless transfer,leading to difficult placement for rural surplus labor after transfer,seriously restricting rural land transfer.Therefore,the Chinese government's legal responsibility,economic responsibility and social responsibility in rural land transfer should be further strengthened.

An Analysis of the Factors that Affect Collective Construction Land Transfer Price: A Case Study of Yichang City

The transfer of the rural collective construction land is increasingly accelerating,and the factors affecting transfer price are manifold. In this paper,the research area is Yichang,and we establish hedonic price model to explore and analyze the factors which affect the collective construction land transfer price. The simulation results show that in geographical factors,the higher degree of prosperity,road accessibility and soundness of infrastructure will result in higher collective construction land transfer price; in economic factors,the higher farmers' per capita net income and added value of the village's tertiary industry will lead to higher collective construction land transfer price; in ownership factors,the integrity of usufruct,disposition and possession has increasingly significant impact on collective construction land transfer price. In the process of establishing rural collective construction land circulation market,the government should gradually improve conditions of collective construction land; strengthen the construction of the rural economy,improve the economic attribute of the collective construction land; establish and improve China's rural collective construction land-related laws and regulations,make the rural collective construction land use rights clear,and give the whole rights of occupation,use,earning and disposition.

Study on Transfer Problem of Contract and Management Right of Agricultural Land in Anhui Province

The status quo and significance of contract and management right transfer of rural land are analyzed,and major problems existed in contract and management right transfer of rural land in Anhui Province are studied,containing unsound transfer market,insufficient flow demand motion,single transfer form,non-standard register,right determination and certificate issuing. On this basis,several policies and suggestions are proposed,such as combining practical use with suitable use of land right determination and certificate issuing,establishing multilayer rural social security system and expanding land management range.

Research on the Development of Rural Family Farm: A Case Study of Shandong Province in China

In recent years, the rural family farms in Shandong Province of China have been developing very fast. They have achieved remarkable economic effects on improving the technical and equipment level of agricultural production, farmers’ professional quality, the efficiency of land production and farmers’ income-increase, etc. However, there also exist the problems of non-smooth land transfer, unclear farm recognition-standard, more difficult loan-financing, imperfect social service and so on. This paper suggests that measures should be taken to deepen the reform of the rural land system, perfect the land transfer mechanism, clarify the family farms confirmed standards, improve the family farms and financing system, perfect the socialized service system, and thus create a relaxed environment and conditions for the development of family farms in order to promote its healthy development.

Changes in Utilization of Contracted Land in Xundian County of Yunnan Province in the Background of Poverty Alleviation

The gradual migration of rural population to cities is an inevitable result of the sustainable development of China’s society and economy.Going out to work is not only a personal behavior of farmers in line with this historical trend,and in the present moment,it is also an important measure to win the battle against poverty.Xundian Yi and Hui Autonomous County is located in the northeast of Yunnan Province.It is one of the key counties in China’s poverty alleviation and development work.Through the implementation of special measures to increase labor income,a total of 125611 rural laborers were employed from 2014 to 2018,and as a result,a large number of farmers have been lifted out of poverty.However,under this model,the transfer of a large number of rural laborers also has an impact on the utilization of contracted land of migrant households,mainly demonstrated by land abandonment,decline in land use efficiency and decline in land productivity,which are not conducive to the sustainable use and protection of land resources.To this end,based on field research,this article analyzes the changes in the utilization of land of migrant households under the poverty alleviation model of working outside,as well as their impact.In addition,the questionnaire survey of the registered poverty-stricken households show that the area and productivity of land owned by households with migrant workers are on a downward trend compared to those before and those of households without migrant workers.Land transfer is a feasible means to solve this problem and to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation and sustainable use of land resources.It is suggested that great attention should be paid to the contract and management issue of land left by migrant households,establishment of efficient guarantee mechanism,improvement of land utilization and promotion of saving and intensive use of land resources to bring the land resources to their proper value.

土地出让收入支持乡村振兴动力来源及机理分析

为更好支持乡村振兴战略实施,从马克思地租理论出发阐释土地出让收入的双重属性和本质内涵,描述激励约束机制下土地出让收入用于农业农村发展的情况。结合《乡村振兴战略规划(2018—2022)》和《关于调整完善土地出让收入使用范围优先支持乡村振兴的意见》说明土地出让收入支持乡村振兴的应然领域。采用规范分析法,选取2010—2019年国有土地出让面积、土地出让收入和用于农业农村的支出的相关数据,分析土地出让收入对乡村发展的影响。土地出让收入用于农业农村发展的支出在总额上逐年增加,但相较于城市支出比例偏低,且存在收益分配不均的问题。通过对土地出让收入的制度属性的分析,发现分税财政体制、政绩考核制度和低土地财政依赖度三方面是土地出让收入支持乡村振兴的外生动力,为可持续内生动力的产生创造外部环境;土地出让收入的合理分配格局、精准投入、政策引导人才流向乡村三方面是内生动力。厘清土地出让收入支持乡村振兴内在和外生动力来源及其机理,有助于形成土地出让收入合理分配格局,减少对土地财政的依赖度,缩小城乡发展差异。

农地流转对土地生态安全的影响研究进展

综述了土地生态安全领域研究进展及农地流转对土地生态安全的影响,总结了农地流转领域的相关研究,分析了新时代农业经营主体多元化背景下,土地利用中出现的新情况、新问题。针对当前农地流转生态风险认知不足、土地生态安全系统性评估方法体系有待完善、适应经营权流转的土地生态安全调控机制尚不健全等现实问题,提出进一步探索农业经营主体多元化对土地生态安全的影响机制,发展土地生态安全评估方法,建立从源头调控的土地生态安全调控机制,以满足新形势下乡村振兴中生态振兴对农地持续利用的精细化管理需求。

土地流转、数字普惠金融和城乡收入差距

在土地大规模流转和城乡收入差距居高不下的双重背景下,农村土地流转能否缩小城乡收入差距,以及数字普惠金融在农村土地流转对城乡收入差距的影响中发挥的作用都是亟待深入研究的问题,但是现有研究较少涉及。基于我国2011—2021年30个省级行政区的面板数据,采用门槛回归模型,分析土地流转对城乡收入差距的非线性影响,以及数字普惠金融在其中的作用机理。结果表明:在数字普惠金融的门槛作用下土地流转能够有效缩小城乡收入差距。在以数字普惠金融为门槛的不同门槛区间,随着土地流转程度的提高城乡收入差距均显著缩小,与数字普惠金融指数低于门槛值时相比,当数字普惠金融指数高于门槛值时土地流转对城乡收入差距的减小作用有所加强。基于此,在促进土地流转、拓宽农民增收致富渠道的同时,建议加强数字普惠金融的城乡发展、提高普通农户的农业生产效率,让数字普惠金融的普惠性落实到农村的建设和发展,为助力土地流转和缩小城乡差距发挥作用。

社会保障参与有助于农村土地流转吗?——基于劳动力转移的中介效应

随着我国城乡社会保障制度逐步完善,农民对土地的依赖得到缓解,农村劳动力非农就业比例提高,农村土地流转供给不断增加。基于中国家庭追踪调查2012—2018年数据,构建了双重固定效应模型,旨在考察社会保障参与对农村土地流转的影响,同时分析了劳动力转移的中介效应。研究结果表明:参与新型农村养老保险对农村土地转出具有显著影响;参与新型农村合作医疗保险对于农村土地转出的影响并不显著,但是显著抑制农村土地转入;劳动力转移在新型农村养老保险对农村土地转出的影响中发挥着中介作用,在新型农村合作医疗对农村土地流转影响中发挥的中介效应不明显。

建构主义视角下农民集体行动研究——基于鄂北两村的调查

乡村治理现代化的程度,关乎乡村振兴战略实施和农村基层治理全局,也直接影响着国家治理现代化的进程与成效,而农民集体行动能力则是乡村治理现代化的重要指标。本研究从建构主义的视角出发,在动态关系中洞悉农民集体行动的生成机制与行动逻辑,发现农民集体行动归根结底就是情境实践,即农民集体行动是在制度情境、本土情境、事件情境下,以共同利益为基础促进成员组织化参与,在不同的主体互动中达成行动目标的共识,借助公共权威、社会信任、社会网络等建立协作配合的合作关系,构建起基层治理共同体的过程。

农村集体经营性建设用地入市研究的热点、演进与展望——基于CiteSpace的知识图谱分析

使用文献计量法和内容分析法对来自知网、万方、维普3大数据库的农村集体经营性建设用地入市的404篇研究文献作者、机构及热点进行分析,基于研究现状展望重点方向及前沿趋势。研究发现:研究人员和机构合作意识较弱,受学缘、地缘等因素影响未能形成较为明显的研究群体;“三块地”改革试点期呈现出百花齐放的研究态势,相关研究文献数量急剧上升,2019年至今为巩固改革成果期;现有研究聚焦于集体经营性建设用地入市的制度设计、与土地征收及宅基地制度改革的关系、地方实践、收益分配等主题。利益均衡视角下集体经营性建设用地入市收益分配机制的探索与优化、城乡融合发展视域下同地同权同价的实现条件及路径、农村三项土地制度改革的法理平衡及制度设计、集体经营性建设用地入市助推乡村振兴的地方模式及发展经验等方面仍需继续深化研究,也是未来的主要研究方向。

数字普惠金融对农业碳排放强度的影响效应分析

农业碳减排关系着我国“双碳目标”的实现。基于2011—2020年30个省区市面板数据实证检验了数字普惠金融对农业碳排放强度的影响效应。研究发现:数字普惠金融可以显著抑制农业碳排放强度,实证结果在一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。异质性分析方面,不同维度和不同区域数字普惠金融发展程度对于农业碳排放强度的影响效果不同。作用机制方面,数字普惠金融主要通过促进农地流转来抑制农业碳排放强度,且农地流转发挥着完全中介效应。非线性效应方面,数字普惠金融对农业碳排放强度的抑制作用存在双重门槛,其不同发展程度对农业碳排放强度的抑制作用呈现出“缓—增—缓”的变化特征。因此,为促进农业碳减排应进一步推进数字普惠金融在农村地区的发展,同时还应加强政策引导,继续推动农地流转。