Parameterization for the Depth of the Entrainment Zone above the Convectively Mixed Layer

It has been noted that when the convective Richardson number Ri* is used to characterize the depth of the entrainment zone, various parameterization schemes can be obtained. This situation is often attributed to the invalidity of parcel theory. However, evidence shows that the convective Richardson number Ri* might be an improper characteristic scaling parameter for the entrainment process. An attempt to use an innovative parameter to parameterize the entrainment-zone thickness has been made in this paper. Based on the examination of the data of water-tank experiments and atmospheric measurements, it is found that the total lapse rate of potential temperature across the entrainment zone is proportional to that of the capping inversion layer. Inserting this relationship into the so-called parcel theory, it thus gives a new parameterization scheme for the depth of the entrainment zone. This scheme includes the lapse rate of the capping inversion layer that plays an important role in the entrainment process. Its physical representation is reasonable. The new scheme gives a better ordering of the data measured in both water-tank and atmosphere as compared with the traditional method using Ri*. These indicate that the parcel theory can describe the entrainment process suitably and that the new parameter is better than Ri*.

Necessity of vocabulary teaching and learning in the depth and some feasible teaching method

Traditionally speaking, when teaching vocabulary in the class, teachers tend to put emphasis on the words＇ basic meaning or their meaning in the text. However, vocabulary development in the depth is not so reinforced, including the introduction of the social and cultural background of the words, use in the context, etc. Therefore, many learners can＇t avoid encountering the difficulty to bridge the gap between vocabulary learning and vocabulary application. This paper, which is based on the theory of language cognition, holds that vocabulary teaching and learning in the depth is of equal importance in language education. What＇s more, some vocabulary teaching method, focused on improving non-English-majored college learners＇ vocabulary, is put forward for reference.

Numerical modelling of the depth variation and the fluctuation of the thermocline under the effects of wind in the Bohai Sea

-In this paper, numerical modelling of the fluctuation of the thermocline in the Bohai Sea has been made using a two-dimensional nonlinear model in stratified ocean and the model for the depth of the thermocline under the effects of wind stirring. The computed results depict the variations of the fluctuation of the thermocline driven by different kinds of wind fields. The fluctuation of the thermocline in the Bohai Sea varies somewhat with different directions, paths and locations of typhoon (cyclone). Under the effects of strong wind, the thermoclines both sink due to mixing and fluctuate. Furthermore, the fluctuation of the thermocline speeds up mixing. At last, the thermoclines disappear after 12-15 h when the strong wind increases from Force 6 to Force 9.

A Survey of the Depth for De-Qi in Acupuncture Therapy

This study measures the depth for De-Qi at different acupoints from head, trunk, and extrem-ities. The differencos of the depth for De-Qi of subjects from tat, medium and slender groups were analyzedstatistically by t-test. The results suggest that the depth for De-Qi from slender group is less deep (P<0. 01 )than that of the fat group. The depth for De-Qi is less deep at loci from head than tliat of the trunk and extrem-ities. The standard derivation for the depth of De-Qi is ±0. 1 cm at loci from head region arid ± 0. 2 cm atboth trunk and extremity region. Tlie depth tor De-Qi from the subjects with nervous or allergic cliaracter, ingerieral, is less deeper than that of the normal. However the depth for De-Qi trom the subjects with cancerand sequelae of cerebral vasciJlar accident is deeper than that of the normal.

Study of Temperature Field and Structure Optimization for Runways in Permafrost Regions

Pavement construction in permafrost regions is complicated by the fact that the permafrost properties are influenced by the temperature and are extremely unstable.The numerical model for runway structures in permafrost regions is applied to analyze the time–space characteristics of the temperature field and the depth of the frozen layer.The influence of the installation layer is studied to enable structural optimization of the runway.Numerical results show that the temperature stabilization depth,low-and high-temperature interlayer response ranges,and maximum depth of the frozen layer are greater in runway engineering than in highway and railway engineering.The time history curves for the pavement and natural surface are similar,and the development of freezing and thawing is approximately linear.The pavement and natural surface have similar thawing rates,but the freezing rate of the natural surface is faster than that of the pavement.The depth of the frozen layer and the time of the frozen are greater for the natural surface than for the pavement.The installation layer helps to stabilize the temperature of the subgrade and reduces the freezing and thawing rates.This study provides technical support for the design and maintenance of runways in permafrost regions.

无垂直视差图像多视点立体视觉图像的形成特性（英文）

1.Introduction The reproduction systems of 3D images without using eyeglasses and other special accessories has always attracted attention and aroused great interest of developers and consumers of such equipment because of totally accurate image and method of its presentation.Such systems can

Treatment of 85 patients with dysphagia after stroke with deep needling at local glossopharyngeum

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of deep needling at local glossopharyngeum in treatment of dysphagia after stroke. Methods Deep needling at local glossopharyngeum was applied in 85 patients with dysphagia after stroke. Firstly, quick prick was conducted on lingual surface（mainly at the side of paralysis lingualis）, Jīnjīn（金津 EX-HN 12） and Yùyè（玉液 EX-HN 13） under the tongue; secondly, filiform needle with the length of 75 mm was used to perform quick prick at posterior wall of pharynx at the affected side about three or four times, and then the needle was removed rapidly. Filiform needle with the length of 75 mm was inserted perpendicularly at Liánquán（廉泉 CV 23） towards root of tongue; after deqi, the needle was pushed towards root of tongue in the depth of 60–70 mm, and the needle was retained for 30 min. Meanwhile, the patient was asked to swallow, and the feeling of abnormal deglutition without pain was considered as most appropriate. During needle retention, twirling for reinforcement was applied for two times. The manipulation was conducted once daily, and six days was considered as one course of treatment. Between two courses, one day was free of treatment; and there were four courses in total. Kubota＇s drinking water test evaluation scale was applied to assess the efficacy after the treatment for two weeks and four weeks. Results The score of Kubota＇s drinking water test at the early stage of treatment was 5.08 ± 2.28, the score of evaluation of treatment with deep needling at local glossopharyngeum after treatment for two weeks was 4.56 ± 2.32, and the total effective rate was 89.4%; the score of evaluation after treatment for four weeks was 2.80 ± 2.12, and the total effective rate was 95.3%. Compare before the treatment, the score of Kubota＇s drinking water test was reduced after treatment for two and four weeks（P〈0.05, P〈0.01）. Conclusion Deep needling at local glossopharyngeum in treatment of dysphagia after stroke has good effect.